8、Most mothers have a good piece of advice: Never go into a supermarket hungry! If you go shopping for food before lunch time, you’ll probably buy more than you plan to. Unfortunately, however, just this advice isn’t enough for consumers these days. Modern shoppers need an education on how to and how not to buy things at the grocery store. First, you should check the weekly newspaper ads. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need those things. In others words, don’t buy anything just because it’s cheaper than usual! “New and Improved!” or “All Natural” on the front of a package influences you. Instead, read the list of ingredients on the back. Third, compare prices; that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands（品牌） and different sizes of the same brand.

Another suggestion for consumers is to buy generic（普通的）items instead of famous brands. Generic items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because manufacturers don’t spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality, however, is usually identical(同樣的) to the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren’t very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.

Wise consumers read magazine advertisements and watch TV commercials, but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads. In other words, well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions: Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.

1．In the above passage, the author’s main purpose is to ____.

       A． suggest consumers to buy generic items instead of famous brands

       B． give some pieces of advice to consumers

       C． convince readers that the advice of most mothers aren’t enough for consumers these days

D． persuade consumers not to believe the advertisements

2．Which of the following statements is NOT true about the phrase “generic items” in Paragraph 2?

       A．Generic items never say “New and Improved” or “All Natural”.

       B．Generic products are usually cheaper than famous brands.

       C．Manufacturers spend less money on packaging of generic items.

       D．The quality of generic items is usually as good as that of well-known name brands.

3．The writer thinks that advertisements are ____.

A．believable                              B． attractive 

       C．full of misinformation                     D． helpful to consumers

4．Which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions to consumers?

       A．To make use of advertisements.

B．Not to buy items with words like “New and Improved” or “All Natural”.

       C．To buy high quality items such as famous brands after lunch.

       D．To buy any generic items instead of famous brands.

5．The author implies that ____.

       A．going into a supermarket hungry, you may buy more than you plan to

       B． he quality of generic items is usually high and the prices are relatively low

       C．discount clothing stores are good places to go to

       D．a(chǎn)dvertisements sometimes don’t tell the truth