32、In a society, such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people highly value individualism--the difference among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students don't memorize information. Instead, they work individually and find answers themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.

In most Asian societies, by contrast, people have the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of Asia reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another in assignments. In the classroom, the teaching methods are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules of information that they have memorized.

There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these systems of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that there much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.

The advantage of the educational system in North American, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.

Title：  76   of Educational System between North America and Asia

六、書面表達

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31、Nuclear weapons（核武器）were first developed in the United States during the Second World War to be used against Germany．However, by the time the first bombs were ready for use, the war with Germany had ended and, as a result, the decision was made to use the weapons against Japan instead．Hiroshima and Nagasaki have suffered the consequences of the decision to the present day.

       The real reasons why bombs were dropped on two heavily populated cities are not altogether clear．A number of people in 1944 and early 1945 argued that the use of nuclear weapons would be unnecessary, since American Intelligence was aware that some of the most powerful and influential people in Japan had already realised that the war was lost, and wanted to discuss a Japanese surrender （投降）．It was also argued that, since Japan has few natural resources, a blockade （封鎖） by the American navy would force it to surrender within a few weeks, and the use of nuclear weapons would prove unnecessary．If a demonstration of force was required to end the war, a bomb could be dropped over an unpopulated area like a desert, in front of Japanese observers, or over an area of low population inside Japan, such as a forest．Choosing this course of action might decrease the loss of further lives on all sides, while the power of nuclear weapons would still be adequately demonstrated（展示）．

       All of these arguments were turned down, however, and the general agreement was that the quickest way to end the fighting would be to use nuclear weapons against the centres of population inside Japan．In fact, two of the more likely reasons why the decision was reached seem quite shocking to us now．

68．The meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is that        .

       A．the two cities were badly damaged after they were bombed.

       B．the two cities suffered because Japan would not agree to end the war.

       C．the terrible effects of dropping nuclear weapons on these cities can still be felt.

       D．the end of the war with Germany meant Hiroshima and Nagasaki, would suffer.

69．According to Paragraph 2, a blockade would have been successful because…..

     A．Japan had to import most of its natural resources.

       B．Japan would not be powerful enough to beat a blockade.

     C．a(chǎn)n attack would probably destroy Japanese resources within a few weeks.

       D．the Americans could defeat Japan's navy since it was short of resources.

70．The last paragraph tells that…..          .

       A．the writer probably expects us hot to argue with his opinion.

       B．the nuclear bombs must have been dropped on Tokyo, too.

       C．the real reasons for' the decision may never have been made clear.          

       D．the writer has not done much research on this subject to establish the facts.

71．What would probably be discussed in the paragraphs that follow?      

       A．The reasons why Japan chose to surrender．        

       B．The writer's attitudes towards the Japan's surrender.          

       C．People's different opinions about dropping nuclear weapons onto the cities．

D．Some of the possible reasons for dropping nuclear weapons onto the cities． 

五、信息匹配

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30、Drinking Water: Bottled or From the Tap（水龍頭）?

       In America, people will include a case or two of bottled water when buying the week's groceries．When they are going to a soccer game or activity, it's common for them to grab a cold bottle of water out of the fridge with them．In fact, Americans buy more bottled water than any other nation in the world, about 29 billion bottles a year．

       But all these plastic bottles use a lot of fossil fuels and pollute the environment．In order to make all the 29 billion bottles, producers use 17 million barrels of oil, which is enough to keep a million cars going for 12 months．

       So why don't people drink water straight from the tap? Some people have a strong belief that bottled water is better than water out of the tap, but that's not necessarily true．In the US, the local governments make sure water from the tap is safe．There is also growing concern that chemicals in the bottles themselves may go into the water．

       People love the convenience of bottled water．But maybe if they realized the problems it causes, they would try drinking from a glass at home or carrying water in a reusable steel container instead of plastic．

       Some argue that plastic bottle recycling can help．Recycled bottles can be turned into items like carpeting or clothing．Unfortunately, only one in six bottles is recycled．The rest make it to landfills（垃圾填埋場） or end as trash in other places．Plastic bottles take hundreds of years for them to disintegrate．

       Water is important for you, so keep drinking it．But think about how often you use water bottles, and see if you can make a change．

       And yes, you can make a difference．Remember this: Recycling one plastic bottle can save enough energy to power a 60-watt light bulb for six hours．

60．How many cars can be kept going for a year by the oil used to make 29 billion bottles?

       A．100．      B．I,000．        C．100,000．      D．I,000,000．

61．Why do Americans prefer bottled water?

       A．Bottled water is better than water from the tap．

       B．Bottled water is cheaper than water from the tap．

       C．Bottled water contains beneficial chemicals in it．

       D．Bottled water is more convenient than water from the tap．

62．What does the underlined word "disintegrate" in the fifth paragraph probably mean^

       A．Be well recycled．                    B．Become less poisonous．

       C．Break into small pieces．        D．Go down below a surface．

63．The author's intention of writing this passage is to recommend Americans

       A．drink more water from the tap       B．send plastic bottles to landfills       .

C．use water bottles to power light bulbs  D．buy bottles filled with water from the tap

29、When middle-aged Alex gave up his job and made up his mind to become a self-employed writer, no one could tell surely whether he would succeed or not．He found a cold storage room in a building, set up a used typewriter and settled down to work．

       After a year or so, however, Alex began to doubt himself．He found it was difficult to earn his living by selling what he wrote．But Alex determined to put his dream to the test—even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure．This is the shadowland （虛幻世界） of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there．

       One day Alex got a call, "We need an assistant, and we're paying $ 6,000 a year．" $ 6,000 was real money in 1960．It would enable Alex to get a nice apartment, a used car and more．Besides, he could write in his spare time．As the dollars were dancing in Alex's head, something cleared his senses．He had dreamed of being a fulltime writer．"Thanks, but no," Alex said firmly and swiftly, "．"

       After Alex got off the phone, he pulled out everything he had: two cans of vegetables and 18 cents．Alex put the cans and cents into a paper bag, saying to himself," There's everything you've made of yourself so far．I'm not sure I ever felt so low．"

       Finally his work was published in 1970．Instantly he had the kind of fame and success that few writers ever experience．The shadows had turned into focus of attention．

       Then one day, Alex found a box filled with things he had owned years before．Inside was a paper bag with two cans and 18 cents．Suddenly he pictured himself working in that cold storage room．It reminds Alex, and anyone with a dream, of the courage and persistence （堅毅） it takes to stay the course (堅持到底)in the shadowland．

56．Why did Alex give up his job?

       A．Because he didn't like the working conditions．

       B．Because he couldn't earn enough to make a living．

       C．Because he felt he had no potential in his job．

       D．Because he wanted to be a full-time writer．

57．What did Alex express when he answered the call?

       A．He refused the job offer．

       B．He was willing to give them a hand．

       C．He expected them to pay him more money．

       D．He would write in his spare time．

58．What kind of person is Alex?

       A．Determined．  B．Modest．        C．Shy．              D．Brave．

59．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage ?

       A．Look before you leap．      B．Two heads are better, than one．

       C．Hold on to your dream, and it will come true．

D．A bird in hand is worth two in the bush．

27、Beijing;（13, July）China sent up a new data relay satellite, Tianlian I -02, on Monday at the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in South-western Sichuan province．The new satellite will promote the country's satellite communication network for space docking （對接）．

       The satellite was launched on a Long-March-SC carrier rocket at 11:41 p．m．, sources at the centre told Xinhua News Agency．The satellite separated from the rocket 26 minutes after its launch and was then successfully delivered into a geostationary transfer orbit （地球同步轉移軌道）.

       Developed by the China Academy of Space Technology under the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the satellite is the country's second data relay satellite．The first, Tianlian I -01, was launched on April 25．2008．

       The two satellites will form a network to improve communications between China's spacecraft and bases on Earth, according to the centre．They will also be used to help the nation's first space docking, scheduled for the second half of this year．

       As planned, China will launch space module Tiangong-I , which was designed as a platform that will dock with an unmanned spaceship, Shenzhou, for the county's first space-docking mission this year．

       Two more Shenzhou spaceships will dock with Tiangong-I next year, and one will be manned by two or three astronauts, according to China Manned Space Engineering Office, which was the main user of the Tianlian I series data relay satellites．

       "The new satellite can cover a greater area to track and command the country's space vehicles in low-Earth orbits, such as manned spacecraft and remote sensing satellites, from a higher position m outer space．Only three satellites of this kind are needed to form a global communication network, and China has two now．" Pang Zhihao, a researcher and deputy editor-in-chief of Space International, said．

       The satellite could also equip astronauts with real-time communications, which will benefit the county s future manned space flights, he said．

72．What is the main purpose to send up Tianlian I -02 ?

       A．To test the function of a Long-March-SC carrier rocket．

       B．To carry some astronauts into space to do some research．

       C．To send more information and clearer pictures to mobile phones on the earth．

       D．To promote the country's satellite communication network for space docking'

73．From the passage we know            .

       A．one more such satellite is needed to form a global communication network.

       B．the satellite was developed by China Manned Space Engineering Office.

C．it was less than three years since China launched its first date relay satellite of this kind.

D．the satellite could help track and command space vehicles in orbits because it's lower in position.

74．Which of the following is TRUE according to the news report?

       A．Shenzhou Ⅷ is a manned spaceship．

       B．Tiangong- I will dock with three Shenzhou spaceships next year．

       C．the satellite is of great importance to China's space exploration．

       D．china’s first ^a06 docking will be done in the second half of next year.

75．The best title of the passage could be _____．

       A．China Launched a New Space Shuttle.

       B．China's Plan for Space Exploration.

       C．China’s Progress m China's Space Exploration.

D．New Satellite Helps China's Space Exploration.

三、完型填空

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26、Money is all surrounding us．Every day, we see it, use it, and it is on the tip of our tongue．Did you ever stop to consider where the money you carry around every day comes from?

       Making new money is a very unique job and no easy task．It has up to 65 steps. When the money in use gets dirty and worn out, it is replaced with new money. The old money is taken from banks and brought to places where it is destroyed. Usually, the old money is burned．The burned money is replaced by new paper money.

       If old money is being replaced, then new money is printed in a place called a mint（造幣廠）．Large sheets of paper are printed with many pictures of some currency （流通貨幣）．These large sheets are cut into individual bills．The individual bills are then put together in big stacks and then sent to banks．

       Sometimes the mint will make a new bill with a new picture （phtotos of statesman and places of interest are favoured） or a new colour. It is not easy for the government to make a new bill. It takes a long time, and there are many steps to go through before a new bill can be sent to banks. First, people in the government decide that a new kind of bill is needed. Then, they ask an artist to design the new bill．A different artist cuts the new picture into a soft piece of metal called a die．The dies are made and put onto large printing machines．Then, very special paper is used, which no one but the mint can have．Along with this special paper, the mint also prints currency using special colours．After the dies print the new currency onto the paper, the bills are cut, stacked, and sent off to the banks．

64．From the passage we know that

       A．banks make new money.

       B．it takes 65 procedures to make new money.

       C．mints decide what kind of bill is needed.

       D．old money that is not used is forever stored in a special place

65．We can infer from the passage that a die is ____

      A．something for dead people.

       B．a(chǎn) special machine that prints the money.

       C．a(chǎn) special piece of paper that the money is made from.

      D．a(chǎn) piece of metal that puts the picture on the money.

66．'Which of the following shows the right order of dealing with new money?

       ①New money is printed in a mint．

       ②Bills are cut from large sheets of special paper．

       ③New money is sent in large amounts to banks．

       ④The government decides to make new money．

       A．①②③④    B．④③②①     C．④①③②      D．④①②③

67．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

       A．The reason for making new money．

       B．The processes of making a new bill．

       C．The amount of new money needed．

D．Things used．to make new money or a new bill．

25、（2011·桂林十八校第一次月考）23. This stranger is familiar _________this area.

A. to          B. for         C. with         D. in

24、（2011·寧夏銀川一中第一次月考）34．_____ money, the man was very rich, but he was not happy at all.

       A．In spite of        B．In favor of       C．In terms of     D．In need of