5、The International Coast Clean-up is an organization that is set up to help the environment in the world，especially the areas near the waters．Recently，more than a half-million volunteers are taking part in an international movement to comb the world’s shorelines for cigarette butts, bottle caps and any other rubbish they can find．

The International Coast Clean-up is in its 14^th volunteers ready to collect more than 10 million pieces of rubbish along 19,308 kilometers of shoreline in 70 countries．

Sponsored(贊助)by the Centre for Marine Conservation and several other non―profit(非盈利的) groups and corporate sponsors, the activity is a one-day attempt to improve conditions on important waterfronts.

Cigarette butts are by far the most common item, with exactly 1.6 million picked up and counted in the last year’s clean-up．They were followed in numbers by food wrappers，plastic pieces，bottle caps and broken pieces of glass．The global event is held on the third Saturday of September．

Last year，the biggest volunteer army was in the Philippines，where nearly 300,000 people took part in the clean-up．With more than 7,000 islands，the Philippines is among the countries which have the largest shorelines．

“Around every main body of water，we have a rubbish problem，”said Sheavly，director of the Center for rubbish problem．Bad weather with some hurricane affected some plans，but thousands of volunteers were ready to go，she said．

About 20,000 divers are joining to clean up offshore rubbish，with major underwater efforts in the United States，the Philippines，Germany，Italy，Australia，Venezuela and EI Salvador．

Globally, less than 20 percent of shore rubbish clearly comes from the water. The most appears to come from land sources.

Part of the effort is counting the rubbish．Volunteers carry cards to second their collections，which will be piled and used for studies of how to settle the problem year-round.

56．What is the International Coast Clean-up set up for? (Within 20 words)

57．How long does the activity usually last? (Within 10 words)

58．What does the underlined word “waterfronts”mean? (Within 10 words)

59．What’s the writer’s opinion about this international movement? (Within 1 5 words)

60．What’s the main idea of the passage? (Within 15 words)

4、Let’s do some sleep math．You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday．On Saturday and Sunday，you slept in，getting four extra hours．On Monday morning, you were feeling so bright-eyed that you only had one cup of coffee, instead of your usual two．But don’t be cheated by your energy．You’re still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness, or what experts call“sleep debt”――in this case something like six hours，almost a full nights’ sleep．

Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get．It’s a deficit(缺乏)that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep．“People accumulate sleep debt gradually without being noticed，”says William C．Dement，founder of the Stanford University Sleep Clinic．Studies show that such short―term sleep deprivation leads to a foggy brain，worsened vision，and trouble remembering. Long-term effects include obesity，insulin(胰島素)resistance, and heart disease. A survey by the National Sleep Foundation reports that we’re losing one hour of sleep each night――more than two full weeks of sleep every year.

The good news is that，like all debt, with some work，sleep debt can be repaid. Adding an extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up．For the long―term lack of sleep，take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern．

Go to bed when you are tired，and allow your body to wake you in the morning(no alarm clock allowed)．You may find yourself catatonic(有緊張癥的)in the beginning of the recovery cycle：expect to have ten hours shut-eye per night. As the days pass, however，the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease.

So earn back that lost sleep――and follow the dictates of your innate(固有的)sleep needs. You’ll feel better．“When you put away sleep debt, you become a superman，”says Stanford’s Dement, talking about the improved mental and physical capabilities that come with being well rested．

51．If you have short―term sleep deprivation,         .

A．you can think and remember things clearly

B．you can still see everything very clearly

C．you can drive your car easily

D．you may have a poor sight

52．The example of sleep math is used to show        .

A．in what case you build up a sleep debt

B．why you need six hours’ sleep every night

C．why you are full of energy even when you don’t have enough sleep

D．you should drink coffee to keep energetic when you don’t have enough sleep

53．The author begins Paragraph 3 with           .

A．a(chǎn)n order           B．a(chǎn) story             C．a(chǎn) definition             D．a(chǎn)n example

54．By saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph，Dement means        .

A．a(chǎn) superman always needs a lot of sleep

B．you will be in a good state with enough sleep

C．you can become superman after you repay your debt

D．You will become superman if you don’t make up for sleep debt

55．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?

A．Can you catch up on lost sleep?            B．How can you keep energetic?

C．Can you have a good sleep?                  D．What is sleep debt?

3、Celebrity endorsements名人代言

Despite the fact that companies believe celebrities had a lot of pull with regard to the buying trends of consumers, researches have discovered that this does not seem to be the case．British and Swiss researchers conducted a study showing that advertisements made by celebrities like David Beckham and Scarlett Johansson are not as effective as those by ordinary people．

In a sample of 298 students, researchers presented a magazine advertisement for a digital camera that was endorsed by a fictional student claiming the camera was“hot”and his “preferred choice”．The same advertisement was shown to other students，but with a difference：The camera was endorsed by a famous person in Germany．

While the students said that both advertisements were beneficial, the one made by the student topped the celebrity one if students aimed to impress others with their purchases. More than half of the students，who admitted purchasing products that would impress others，said they were influenced by the student’s advertisement．Only 20％ said the celebrity one would affect their buying decision．

Professor Brett Martin，of the University of Bath’s School of Management，explained that the findings could be used not only in Germany, but in other countries as well．“Our research questions whether celebrities are the best ways to sell products，”said Prof Martin．“Celebrities can be effective but we found that many people were more convinced by an endorsement from a fictional fellow students．This is because many people feel a need to keep up with the Jones when they buy．”

46．Some companies think the celebrities endorsement         ．

A．is popular with the consumers

B．can pull all the consumers into the shops

C．can affect the consumers’ purchasing

D．is as effective as an endorsement from common people

47．Which of the following ads would be more effective to common consumers, according to the experiment?

A．An ad featuring lovely pandas．               B．An ad made by David Beckham．

C．An ad made by fictional common people．D．An ad with beautiful natural scenery．

48．The underlined words“the Jones”in the last paragraph refer to“      ”．

    A．someone called Jones                                 B．common people

    C．the Jones family                                        D．celebrities

49．We can imply from the passage that        ．

A．celebrities cheat consumers in advertisement

B．the researchers here are against celebrity endorsement

C．the student’s ads are mole reliable than those made by celebrities

D．company needn’t spend so much money on celebrity endorsement

50．We can probably read the article in        ．

A．a(chǎn) local newspaper                         B．a(chǎn) science report

C．a(chǎn)n academic journal                      D．a(chǎn) textbook

2、Dear Cary,

I’m writing because I’ve understood you’ve struggled with alcoholism(酗酒)．I’ve been fighting mine ever since I went through 9-11．After that，I’ve been more or less useless professionally I’m a lawyerand have had to resign from my job because I was discovered passed-out drunk in front of my computer. I’ve taken some medicine and it has helped somewhat. I can manage about a month without drinking，but after that I end up having a crazy stage where nothing matters except drinking．After a week or so of heavy drinking，I start having nightmares of people jumping. After that，it’s a week of not being able to get out of bed.

I was supposed to travel to a conference but didn’t make it because I got so drunk at the airport that I fell down on my face and spent the rest of the day in the emergency room. I have been hiding from my family since then．Fortunately they won’t be expecting me to come back for a week or so. Otherwise, they would notice the bump on my forehead and two black eyes．

I don’t really know what I’m asking you．Cary, I need a way out that doesn’t involve causing pain to my family．I’m taking medicine，but I still have these attacks every few months．If there’s alcohol in the house，I can’t stay away from it．It seems that this will never end. I’m afraid of what  will happen if something bad happens，like a family member dying,or getting fired again．

Thanks for reading．

Yours

T

36．The underlined sentence shows us all the following EXCEPT         ．

A．that the author is a lawyer by profession

B．that the author is a lawyer and he seldom gets drunk

C．the reason why the author had to resign

D．that the author was once discovered drunk as a fish

37．The author writes to Cary in order to       ．

             A．offer advice                                        B．tell a story

             C．a(chǎn)void nightmares                                 D．a(chǎn)sk for help

38．What is the author worried about?

             A．Losing his job                                      B．Missing the conference

             C．Bring pain to his family                         D．Giving up drinking

39．What do we learn from the passage?

A．T’s family members don’t want to see him because of his alcoholism．

B．Getting drunk once prevented T from attending a conference．

C．T will have nightmares when he stops drinking．

D．T never attempted to give up his alcoholism．

40．We know from the passage that Cary        ．

A．likes to talk about the details of his life．       B．is an expert on treating alcoholism

C．is probably a recovered alcoholic                 D．never suffered from alcoholism

1、Kindness at fast-food restaurant

It was summer and I had gotten one of the few jobs a 14-year-old can find―working at Burger King，a fast－food restaurant．It  16  wasn’t a good job，but it meant money，  17  was something I needed.

One day，I was working behind the front counter，taking  18  .The customers were coming and going，and the woman who  19  didn’t seem any different from most others.

She ordered her meal and I told her the total. As she searched  20  her purse to find some change，the woman soon  21  that she was about a dollar short.“I’m  22  to say this, but I guess I won’t be able to make my purchase  23  ，”she said sadly

That’s when I had the idea of paying the difference for her. She refused at first，but after I 24  ,she agreed. She thanked me and moved to the end of the counter to  25  her order. I continued with my work and thought  26  more of it

About an hour later  27  had slowed down and I was waiting for my next customer. Then I glanced over towards the  28  and saw the same woman whom I’d helped with the money entering again．I  29  recognized her.

She walked straight up to me and said，“I want to thank you again for what you did. You see，I’m a diabetic(糖尿病患者),and  30  I need to eat something right away．That’s  31  I came in earlier．If you hadn’t helped me as you did，I  32  have fainted. Thank you．”

She handed me two dollars,  33   I’d given her.

      34  the woman walk away, I realized that God had used me to help me. In the end, I was  35  not only with money but also with the satisfaction of knowing that I’d helped someone out of a tight spot.

34、 I’ll probably see you on Sunday; 　　　　, it will be on Monday.

A. thus      B. then      C. after all      D. if not

33、―I really like the modern digital camera you lent me last week.

―　　　　.

―And thank you very much for letting me keep it so long.

A. I’m glad you like it      B. Don’t mention it

C. I hope you like it           D. That’s all right

32、No matter _____, you must keep trying.

   A. how difficult does it seem                B. however it seems difficult

   C. however seems it difficult                D. how difficult it seems

31、_____bilingual education in one’s early childhood is getting more and more popular in Shanghai now.

   A. Receive          B. Receiving          C. Received       D. Having received