11、Staying in a hotel in Shanghai one day costs ____ renting a house in my hometown for a week．

A．the three times price of                            B．three times the price of

C．a(chǎn)s much as three times                             D．a(chǎn)s much three times as

10、Once harm ______ to the environment, it takes years to have the system recovered．

A．does        B．is done         C．will be done           D．be done

9、My father was in the navy, which meant that my mother was married to both my father and the sea．As was often the case, we had to pack our belongings into boxes and  1  those we had grown to love．We would arrive at our new home and find ourselves once again  2  at the pier（碼頭）waving good-bye to my father as his  3  pulled him away from us．My mother would turn my brother and I around before the ship was out of  4  , wipe our tears, and take us back home to start the process of  5  in the new environment again．

Throughout the years of changing  6  , schools and friends, there remained one constant in my childhood—my mother．For both my  7  and I, she was the cook, maid and teacher．She played these roles while  8  some type of part-time job．Leaving a promising career is just one of the  9  which my mother made for my family as we moved around the world with our father every three years or so． 10  she had to deal with only a small budget, my mother  11  managed to make each house to be the very home that is safe and  12  ．

This probably sounds like a depressing way to live,  13  with two small children: “single” parenthood, short-term friendships, and the inability to 14  a career or establish a home．But it was not for my mother．She turned this  15  into adventure for us all! Each relocation was a chance to  16  another part of the world．My mother greeted each new culture, climate and neighborhood．Each new house was a  17  to rearrange furniture, make curtains and  18  pictures．Every part-time job was an opportunity to learn something new and work with interesting people．

No matter how difficult the life was, she was always having a  19  attitude．She always had strength in the face of struggle and change．My mother was so  20  all those years of my childhood—she was my island in a sea of change．She is my hero．

1．A．leave behind          B．leave out              C．leave off              D．leave for

2．A．living                   B．staring                 C．standing              D．going

3．A．car                       B．ship                    C．train                    D．plane

4．A．range                    B．shape                  C．sight                   D．control

5．A．a(chǎn)dapting                B．suiting                 C．matching             D．fitting

6．A．names                   B．jobs                    C．a(chǎn)ddresses            D．directions

7．A．father                   B．classmates           C．brother                D．relatives

8．A．performing            B．seeking                C．waiting             D．a(chǎn)pplying

9．A．programs              B．sacrifices             C．contribution     D．cooperation

10．A．Once                  B．While                  C．When                  D．Unless

11．A．somewhere          B．somewhat            C．sometime            D．somehow

12．A．romantic             B．comfortable         C．mysterious          D．wealthy

13．A．generally             B．a(chǎn)ctually               C．especially            D．unfairly

14．A．desert                 B．pursue                 C．a(chǎn)ffect                  D．limit

15．A．lifestyle               B．value                   C．journey               D．opportunity

16．A．a(chǎn)cquire                B．explore                C．occupy               D．realize

17．A．load                    B．sadness               C．result                  D．challenge

18．A．hang                   B．draw                   C．take                    D．sell

19．A．changeable          B．cautious              C．positive               D．negative

20．A．experienced         B．brave                  C．ordinary              D．a(chǎn)nnoyed

8、As we all know，it was Thomas Jefferson who wrote the Declaration of Independence （獨(dú)立宣言）．He wrote it in two weeks，and after a few changes，it was accepted by the Congress．As a result，he became famous in America's history．

Born in Virginia，Thomas Jefferson，a brilliant student at school and almost talented lawyer later，was much interested in politics．

 Jefferson was elected Governor of Virginia in 1779，and he was sent to France as the Representative of the American Government in 1784．Sixteen years later，at the age of 57，he was elected president after Washington and Adams．

Far from a handsome man，he was is tall with long arms and big hands．Jefferson，who was an amusing talker in conversation，but a poor speaker，was generally good-natured．

Jefferson was regarded as a defender（捍衛(wèi)者）of freedom Of America．As a president，he protected the right of speech．Interestingly enough，in his eight years as president，：Jefferson never said “No” to a bill（議案）!which the Congress had passed．He did a lot in organizing the new University of Virginia．

    Thomas Jefferson died on July the fourth，1826，the fiftieth anniversary of America’s independence．  

1．We are most likely to read this passage in            ．

    A．a(chǎn) daily newspaper                             B．a(chǎn) popular advertisement

    C．a(chǎn) hi story book                                   D．a(chǎn)n important notice

2．Which of the following statements about Jefferson’s personality is true?

     A．He was a shy and slow learner when he was at school．

      B．He was not an easy person to get along with at all

    C．He was not only very talented but also very handsome．

      D．He was an amusing talker，but not good at speaking in public．

3．Jefferson’s greatest contribution in America’ history is that              ．

    A．he was for the right of free speech

    B．he was sent to France as the Representative

    C．he wrote the Declaration of Independence

    D．he organized the new University of Virginia

4．Thomas Jefferson was elected president of the United States in the year of          ．

    A．1779           B．1784             C．1800               D．1826

7、An old problem is getting new attention in the United States—bullying．Recent cases included the tragic case of a fifteen-year-old girl whose family moved from Ireland．She hanged herself in Massachusetts in January following months of bullying．Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect her．Officials have brought criminal charges against several teenagers．

Judy Kuczynski is president of an anti-bullying group called Bully Police USA．Her daughter Tina was the victim of severe bullying starting in middle school in the state of Minnesota．Her said, "Our daughter was a very outgoing child．She was a bubbly personality, very involved in all kinds of things, had lots of friends．And over a period of time her grades fell completely．She started having health issues．She couldn't sleep．She wasn't eating．She had terrible stomach pains．She started clenching her jaw and grinding her teeth at night．Didn't want to go to school．"

Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person．It can involve physical violence．Or it can be verbal — for example, insults or threats．Spreading lies about someone or excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying．

And now there is cyber bullying, which uses the Internet, e-mail or text messages．It has easy appeal for the bully because it does not involve face-to-face contact and it can be done at any time．

The first serious research studies into bullying were done in Norway in the late 1970s．The latest government study in the United States was released last year．It found that about one-third of students age twelve to eighteen were bullied at school．

Susan Sweater is a psychologist at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and co-director of the Bullying Research Network．She says schools should treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and victims the help they need．She says bullying is connected to depression, anxiety and anti-social behavior, and bullies are often victims themselves．

1．From the case of Tina, we can know that            ．

       A．bullying is rare                                     B．victims suffered a lot

       C．schools are to blame                            D．personalities are related

2．Which of the following is NOT bullying?

       A．To beat someone repeatedly．               B．To call someone names．

       C．To isolate someone from friends．        D．To refuse to help someone in need．

3．Why is cyber bullying appealing to the bully?

       A．Because it can involve more people．    B．Because it can create worse effects．

       C．Because it is more convenient．            D．Because it can avoid cheating．

4．According to Susan Sweater,           ．

       A．bullies are anti-social                            B．bullies should give victims help

       C．students are not unequally treated          D．bullies themselves also need help

5．Which of the following can be the best title of the text?

       A．Bullying—Old Irish Girl Committed Suicide

       B．15-Year-Old Irish Girl Committed Suicide

       C．Cyberbullying-Taking Off in Schools

       D．How to Find Bullying among Teens

6、Birds that are half-asleep—with one brain hemisphere（半球）alert and the other sleeping—control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks．

    Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds．The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves．The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert．Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once．

    Decades of studies of bird groups led researchers to predict extra alertness in the end-of-the-row sleepers which tend to be attacked more easily．Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions．Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction．

    Also, birds napping at the end of the line depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did．Turning 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found that compared with 12 percent for birds in internal spots, outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of napping time．

    “We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness at the same time in different regions of the brain,” the researchers say．

    The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing assumption that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies．The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts．He’s seen it in a pair of birds napping side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror．The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open．

    Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water animals as dolphins, whales, and seals．Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning．

    Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep．Jerome M．Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tip of the iceberg．” He supposes that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species．

1．According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ______．

       A．they have to watch out for possible attacks

       B．their brain hemispheres take turns to rest

       C．the two halves of their brain are differently structured

       D．they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions

2．What is implied about the example of a bird’s sleeping in front of a mirror?

       A．An imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security．

       B．Birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of their security．

       C．The phenomenon of birds napping in pairs is widespread．

D．A single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror．

3．While sleeping, some water animals tend to keep half awake in order to ______．

A．a(chǎn)lert themselves to the approaching enemy

       B．emerge from water now and then to breathe

       C．be sensitive to the ever-changing environment

       D．a(chǎn)void being swept away by rapid currents

4．By saying “just the tip of the iceberg”, Siegel suggests that ______．

       A．half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weather

       B．the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solved

       C．most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers

       D．half-brain sleep may exist among other species

5、American cities are similar to other cities around the world: American cities are changing, just as American society is changing．After World War Two, the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increase．Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts （轉(zhuǎn)移） to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society．In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents became wealthier．They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes．They bought houses in the suburbs （郊區(qū)）．

     Now things are changing．The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults．Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities．They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the Northeast and Midwest．Many young professionals are moving back into the city．They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and possibilities that the city offers．

     This population shift is bringing problems as well as benefits．Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent．In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities．

    Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying．Some city residents now see a bright, new future．Others see only problems and conflicts．One thing is sure: many dying cities are alive again．

1．What does the author think of cities all over the world?

    A．They are alive．                                  B．They are hopeless．

C．They are similar．                       D．They are different．

2．Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Two?

   A．Because older American cities were dying．

   B．Because they were richer and needed more space．

   C．Because cities contained the worst parts of society．

   D．Because they could hardly afford to live in the city．

3．According to the 4^th paragraph, a great many poor people in American cities             ．

   A．a(chǎn)re faced with housing problems             B．a(chǎn)re forced to move to the suburbs

   C．want to sell their buildings                D．need more money for daily expenses

4．We can conclude from the text that            ．

   A．American cities are changing for the worse

   B．people have different views on American cities

   C．many people are now moving from American cities

   D．the population is decreasing in older American cities

4、Individuals should pay for their higher education．A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual．

Graduates earn more than non-graduates．Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree．However, only some people have it．So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it．There are pressing calls on the resources of the government．Using taxpayers’ money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them．

    Full government funding is not very good for universities．Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees．He knew and looked down upon 18^th century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government．Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy．

    If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers．And their teachers have to keep them satisfied．If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate．

    Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy．Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest and create jobs．If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs．Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest．

     Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education．

1．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to             ．

     A．taxpayers                                       B．pressing calls          

       C．college graduates                                D．government resources

2．The author thinks that with full government funding             ．

     A．teachers are less satisfied

       B．students are more demanding

  C．students will become more competent   

  D．teachers will spend less time on teaching

3．The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to             ．

     A．a(chǎn)rgue against free university education  

       B．call on them to finance students’ studies 

  C．encourage graduates to go into business

       D．show their contribution to higher education

2、下面短文中有10處語言錯(cuò)誤。請(qǐng)?jiān)谟绣e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改l0處，多者（從第ll處起）不計(jì)分。

Christine was just a girl in one of my class．I never knew much about her except for that she was strange．She didn’t talk many, her hair was black and purple, and she worn black sports shoes and a black sweater, although in the summer．She was, in fact, rather attractively, and she never seemed care what the rest of us thought about her．Like the rest of my classmate, I didn’t really want to get closest to her．It was only when we did their chemistry project together that I begin to understand why Christine dressed the way she did ．