5、Disposing （處理） of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it．As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult．

       During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site．Residents or trash haulers （垃圾拖運(yùn)者） would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site．Periodically some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried．The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by．Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of．Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water．Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem．

       Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society．The first problem is space．Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas．Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose．Property is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods．Long distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is nonexistent．Awareness（意識） of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal．Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can not longer pay to get rid of waste．The amount of waste, however, continues to grow．

       Recycling efforts have become common place, and many towns require their people to take part．Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city’s reusable waste．

1．The most suitable title for this passage would be      ．

       A．Places for Disposing Waste               B．Waste Pollution Dangers．

       C．Ways of Getting Rid of Waste             D．Waste Disposal Problem．

2．During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT      ．

       A．burying it           B．recycling it         C．burning it           D．throwing it into rivers．

3．What can be inferred from the third paragraph?

       A．Farm areas will continue accepting waste from the city in modern society．

       B．There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society．

       C．It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society．

       D．Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same．

4．The main purpose of writing this article is to     ．

       A．draw people’s attention to waste management．

       B．warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing．

       C．call on people to take part in recycling programs．

       D．tell people a better way to get rid of the waste．

4、It is common to consider learning as something that takes place in school, but much of human learning occurs outside the classroom, even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives．

       Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects．They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments．They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world．When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics．They also continue to learn a great deal outside the classroom．They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished．They learn social skills for communicating with other children．After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job．

       Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children．Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors．Employers, politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to affect the behaviors of workers, voters, and consumers．

       Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain．Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later outputs knowledge when we need it．In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences．

1．The underlined “siblings” in the second paragraph probably means     ．

       A．teachers            B．classmates         C．doctors             D．brothers or sisters．

2．Which period of children’s life does they begin to know to behave well according to the passage?

       A．After they go into society                     B．Before they enter school．

       C．When they are at school                       D．Before they are born．

3．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

       A．As a matter of fact, learning begins with formal school education．

       B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students．

       C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors．

       D．Employers should study the principles of learning to manage their workers well．

4．The author mainly tries to tell us        in the last paragraph．

       A．learning is only related to memory and experiences．

       B．psychologists are interested in how the brain stores knowledge．

       C．psychologists are more interested in a person’s behavior．

       D．how the relationship between learning, brain and behavior works．

3、Having one of those days or weeks —— when everything seems to trouble you? Even if you do nothing about it, your bad mood will probably go away after some time．But with a little effort, you cank^s#5*u forget it much faster —— often within a day or two．

Walk it off

       Exercise is the most popular bad-mood buster（破壞者）．A person who’s in a bad mood has low energy and high tension．Taking a fast ten-minute walk, or doing some quick exercises can do wonders towards changing that bad mood．

Tune it out.

       Listening to your favorite music for a while can also make tension go away quickly, because music starts associations with past positive experiences we’ve had．

Give yourself a pep talk

      Stop and listen to what’s on your mind．Bad moods are often started by too many negative thoughts．Write them all down on paper; the pessimistic （悲觀的） messages you’ve been giving yourself and then give optimistic answers．（“I still don’t have a job．‘vs’ I have two interviews next week．”）

Reduce your stress

       Relaxation techniques are wonderful mood-lifters．These include deep breathing, stretching and visualizing （想象）, all of which sound complicated but aren’t．One easy way to visualize: close your eyes and picture a favorite place, such as the beach．Another simple way to clear up worries is to make a to-do list．One reason for being in a bad mood is feeling you have no options （選擇權(quán)）．By taking control over certain areas, you realize you’re not helpless．You can make changes in your mood and life．

Avoid things that won’t improve your mood

       TV may not help much．You need to increase your energy level and stimulate something in your mind —— that the TV show “Neighbours” won’t do．And before you reach for that piece of cake and coffee, think about how mood and food are linked．Sugar and caffeine contribute to depressed moods．The better choice? Research shows that carbohydrates, such as potatoes and pasta, produce a calming effect on people who have a desire for them．

1．We learn from the passage that it might help rid us of a bad mood      ．

       A．to do nothing about it．

       B．to take a slow walk on the beach．

       C．to do some exercises with light music．

       D．to talk it to neighbours．

2．Why is it suggested that you close your eyes and picture the beach?

       A．It is not complicated to do so．            B．It is an area to be easily controlled．

       C．It helps beat a bad mood．                   D．It brings us a new technique．

3．TV may not improve your mood because      ．

       A．it sometimes shows what happens around you．

       B．it keeps you stay unmoved．

       C．it reminds you of eating and drinking．

       D．it produces a calming effect．

4．This passage most probably appears in      ．

       A．a(chǎn) book on physical exercises                 B．a(chǎn) doctor’s handbook．

       C．a(chǎn) notice about amusement                     D．a(chǎn) magazine on health

2、此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標(biāo)有題號的每一行作出判斷，如無錯誤，在該行右邊的橫線上畫一個(gè)勾；如果有錯誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯誤），則按下列情況改正：

此行多一詞：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一詞：在錯詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。

       When people think about precious things, they usually．

think about money or jewelry．I am not very rich, and I have          1．    

something very preciously in my room．It’s not a CD player or        2．     

a cell phone．It’s the view from my window．I’m lucky live              3．     

near a park．My window faces with the tops of the trees in         4．     

the park．Below the tree I can see children on the playground,           5．     

young couples walked quietly, mothers with children, and             6．     

old people sitting on the beach．The whole world is before             7．     

their eyes．My classmates like to go online or listen to music,          8．     

but when I have a free time, I just sit on the chair and                9．     

enjoyed the most precious thing in my room: the view．            10．     

1、高考臨近，許多家長用金錢、旅游等承諾鼓勵孩子努力學(xué)習(xí)，考上一所好大學(xué)。假定你是高三學(xué)生李華，請根據(jù)所提供的有關(guān)信息，給某英文報(bào)社寫封短信。

內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：1．許多家長用金錢、旅游等承諾鼓勵孩子努力學(xué)習(xí)，考上一所好大學(xué)；

2．可能會導(dǎo)致學(xué)生只關(guān)注物質(zhì)獎勵，而減少學(xué)習(xí)樂趣；．

3．一旦獲得想要的獎勵就失去了學(xué)習(xí)動力；．

4．你的建議。

注意：1．不要逐詞逐句地翻譯。

2．為使語句連貫，可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。

3．詞數(shù)100左右。短信開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總數(shù)。

Dear Editor,

       With the college entrance examination approaching…

Yours truly,．

Li Hua

33、— It’s such a pity．I didn’t get the first place in the exam．

— Come on． __________

A．Nobody is perfect.                              B．Congratulations!     

C．Bad luck!                                          D．You really did badly

32、I’ve already forgotten ___________ you put the dictionary．

A．that it was where                               B．where it was that   

C．where was it that                                      D．that was it that

31、It is _____that he has been addicted to the drugs and has difficulty quitting it．

A．obviously           B．a(chǎn)pparently          C．possibly           D．likely