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22、

Children pushed in buggies which face away from their parents may suffer long-term emotional and language problems, according to a study published on Friday.

The research, believed to be the first of its kind, found that children who were not facing the person pushing them were less likely to talk, laugh and interact with their parents.

The findings were based on a study of 2,722 parents and babies and an experiment where 20 babies were wheeled in buggies for a mile, facing their parents for half the journey and facing away for the other half. Parents using face-to-face buggies were twice as likely to talk to their children while the babies’ heart rates fell and they were twice as likely to fall asleep, an indication that they were feeling relaxed and safe.

In addition, only one baby out of the 20 studied laughed while sitting in an away-facing buggy.

“Our data suggests that for many babies today, life in a buggy is emotionally impoverished and possibly stressful. Stressed babies grow into anxious adults,” said Dr Suzanne Zeedyk, Developmental Psychologist at Scotland’s Dundee University who carried out the research.

The study, which was published by National Literacy Trust as part of its “Talk To Your Baby” campaign, found that 62 percent of all children observed travelled in away-facing buggies.

Zeedyk said it would impact negatively on babies’ development if they spent a long time in away-facing buggies, which would undermine their ability to communicate with their parent at a time when their brain was developing rapidly.

Laura Barbour of the Sutton Trust, a social mobility charity which funded the research, said buggy manufacturers should look closely at the findings.

1.Using away-facing buggies may _____________.

       A.benefit both the babies and their parents

       B.a(chǎn)ffect babies’ language ability permanently

       C.help babies communicate with their parents

       D.have positive effect on babies’ development

2.Which of the following is TURE according to the passage?

       A.Parents may talk twice with the babies in away-facing buggies.

       B.The study suggests children feel relaxed and safe in buggies.

       C.The samples of the study were 20 babies wheeled in buggies.

       D.One of the 20 babies was twice as likely to fall asleep in buggies.

3.The underlined word “impoverished” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “_______________”.

       A.poor        B.nervous        C.rich          D.energetic

4.National Literacy Trust ___________________.

       A.has been funding the research for a long time

       B.is a social mobility charity funding the research

       C.carried out the study of babies pushed in buggies

       D.started the campaign named “ Talk To Your Baby”

5.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

       A.Best for Kids to Face Parents in Buggy

       B.Best for Kids to Communicate with Parents

       C.Stressed Babies Grow into Anxious Adults

       D.Buggy Manufacturers Care about the Finding

 

 

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21、

Bexley Middle School eighth-graders won the grand prize at the 2009 National Engineers Week Future City Competition(TM) on Feb. 18 in Washington, D.C.They competed with 37 other schools across the country.

The students qualified for the national competition by winning a regional competition on Jan. 17 in Columbus. By winning the national event, the students earned an all-expenses paid trip to Space Camp in Huntsville, Ala., according to a Bexley school district news release.

Future City aims to arouse interest in science, technology, engineering and math among young people. Bexley team members were Tom Krajnak, Abby Sharp, Wyatt Peery, Elizabeth Maher, Aaron Hutchinson and Truman Haycock. They work in teams under the guidance of a teacher, Margaret Englehardt, and a volunteer engineer, Mark Sherman, design and build a city of tomorrow. Mayor John Brennan presented the students during a recent Bexley City Council meeting.

Each team in the Future City competition plans its city using Sim City software and creates a model to show a physical representation of one section of the city. Team members must write both an essay about the yearly theme and an abstract about their city. They also must make a presentation to judges.

Focusing on eco-responsibility, the Bexley team built “Novo-Mondum,” an Icelandic city in the year 2171.Krajnak said the team’s project included a new water system for each resident unit and a 500-word essay on using bacteria to purify water. “We used our essay and abstract to build a model,” he said. “It was hard to organize which building would go where, what each building does and how to make it look good.”

Englehardt said her students did a good job answering impromptu(即席) questions during the regional competition. “They can think on their feet,” she said. Principal Harley Williams said the school is very proud of the students’ performance.

1.The grand prize winners will ______________.

      A.receive scholarship for further studies

       B.get a free trip to Space Camp in Huntsville

       C.earn a large sum of money for their designs

       D.be admitted to universities without exams

2.The goal of the Future City competition is to _______________

       A.make the Sim City Deluxe software popular

       B.test the students’ knowledge of city planning

20090417

 

C.select future engineers from young students

       D.make students become interested in engineering

3.Each team must do the following EXCEPT _____________.

      A.write brief abstracts describing their city

      B.present and defend their designs before judges

      C.build a future city in Iceland by themselves

       D.create model cities using the Sim City software

4.According to Margaret Englehardt, the students ________________.

       A.a(chǎn)lways stand still in the competition

       B.react very quickly to the questions

       C.prepare for the questions in advance

       D.take pride in the advisers’ performance

5.It can be inferred from the passage that ______________.

       A.The creativity and teamwork are essential for their success

       B.local government paid little attention to the competition

       C.38 schools took part in the national Future City competition

       D.the participants designed a future city without consulting others

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19、“When my husband died five years ago, ________ was difficult to go from ‘we’ to ‘me’,” said Joe Kita to us.

A.I            B.that                C.it                D.which

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18、“Must” _____________ be used to express necessity or strong recommendation, although native speakers prefer the form “have to”.

A.would              B.might        C.need                D.can

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17、____________ I appreciate the honor, I could not accept the position. I want to spend more time on my present program.

A.While              B.Since               C.Yet                D.So

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16、According to jsonline.com, 217,736 Barbies _______on eBay in the past three months.

A.had been sold                            B.were sold

C.have been sold                           D.have been selling

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15、The residents were warned of high temperatures and strong winds forecast for Friday, _______ could make the still-burning wildfires more dangerous.

A.when               B.which              C.that              D.where

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14、__________ the Scottish, Welsh and Irish associations are opposed to is a British team taking part in the 2012 Olympics in London.

A.That            B.As              C.What             D.Whether

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13、There’s still a long way to go for the economy-rescue plan to _________ the goal of rescuing the American economy from the financial crisis.

A.obtain              B.get                 C.a(chǎn)chieve              D.a(chǎn)ccomplish

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