128:34         0.54:2.7          
0.4米:60厘米       
2
7
4
5
分析:(1)根據(jù)求比值的方法,就用比的前項除以后項即得比值;
(2)根據(jù)比的基本性質,即比的前項和后項同時乘或除以一個相同的數(shù)(0除外)比值不變,進而把比化成最簡比.
解答:解:(1)128:34,
=128÷34,
=
64
17

128:34,
=(128÷2):(34÷2),
=64:17.

(2)0.54:2.7,
=0.54÷2.7,
=
1
5
;
0.54:2.7,
=(0.54×50):(2.7×50),
=27:135,
=(27÷27):(135÷27),
=1:5.

(3)0.4米:60厘米,
=40厘米:60厘米,
=40÷60,
=
2
3
;
0.4米:60厘米,
=40厘米:60厘米,
=(40÷20):(60÷20),
=2:3.

(4)
2
7
4
5
,
=
2
7
÷
4
5

=
5
14
;
2
7
4
5

=(
2
7
×35):(
4
5
×35),
=10:28,
=5:14.
點評:此題考查求比值和化簡比的方法,要注意區(qū)分:求比值的結果是一個數(shù);而化簡比的結果是一個比;還要注意:如果比的前后項是名數(shù)時,要把單位化統(tǒng)一后再化簡比或求比值.
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