解:①(
-
÷4×
)÷
,
=(
)÷
,
=(
)×2,
=
2,
;
②
×23,
=
(24-1),
=
24
,
=23
,
=
;
③38
-15.38+61.25-3.62,
=38.75+61.25-(15.38+3.62),
=100-19,
=81;
④17.98+2.5×0.3-18÷1.5,
=17.98+0.75-12,
=18.73-12,
=6.73;
⑤
×
+
×
,
=(
)×
,
=1×
,
=
;
⑥(
+
)÷
.
=
,
=2+1,
=3.
分析:①(
-
÷4×
)÷
,按照分?jǐn)?shù)四則混合運算的運算順序和分?jǐn)?shù)四則運算的計算法則進(jìn)行計算;
②
×23,轉(zhuǎn)化為
(24-1),再運用乘法分配律進(jìn)行簡算;
③38
-15.38+61.25-3.62,運用加法交換律和結(jié)合律及減法的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行簡算;
④17.98+2.5×0.3-18÷1.5,按照小數(shù)四則混合運算的運算順序和小數(shù)四則運算的法則進(jìn)行計算;
⑤
×
+
×
,運用乘法分配律進(jìn)行簡算;
⑥(
+
)÷
.把除數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為乘它的倒數(shù),再運用乘法分配律進(jìn)行簡算.
點評:此題考查的目的是靈活運用運算定律和運算性質(zhì)對小數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)四則混合運算進(jìn)行簡便計算.