解:(1)38%×
+0.4×
,
=0.38×0.6+0.4×0.38,
=(0.6+0.4)×0.38,
=0.38;
(2)89×6.3+48.9×0.37,
=560.7+18.093,
=578.793;
(3)13
-(2
-1
),
=13
+1
-2
,
=15-2
,
=12
;
(4)2.5×
×0.4×2
,
=(2.5×0.4)×(
×
),
=1×1,
=1;
(5)158-92+42-8,
=(158+42)-(92+8),
=200-100,
=100;
(6)83.2÷(83.2÷11),
=83.2÷83.2×11,
=11.
分析:(1)把38%看成0.38,
變成0.38,再利用乘法的分配律變成(0.6+0.4)×0.38計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)便;
(2)89×6.3+48.9×0.37,89×6.3和48.9×0.37同時(shí)計(jì)算,再算加;
(3)去掉括號(hào)變成13
+1
-2
計(jì)算;
(4)利用乘法的交換律和結(jié)合律變成(2.5×0.4)×(
×
)計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)便;
(5)158-92+42-8利用加法的交換律和結(jié)合律和一個(gè)數(shù)連續(xù)減去兩個(gè)數(shù)等于這個(gè)數(shù)減去這兩個(gè)數(shù)的和變成(158+42)-(92+8);
(6)83.2÷(83.2÷11)去掉括號(hào)變成83.2÷83.2×11計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)便.
點(diǎn)評(píng):考查了運(yùn)算定律與簡(jiǎn)便運(yùn)算,四則混合運(yùn)算.注意運(yùn)算順序和運(yùn)算法則,靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)的運(yùn)算律簡(jiǎn)便計(jì)算.