Question

【題目】Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(調(diào)查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.

How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.

“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(機會) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.

Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.

【1】What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?

A. American kids’ sleeping habits. B. Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases.

C. Activities to prevent sleeplessness. D. Learning problems and lack of sleep.

【2】How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?

A. 7 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 18 hours.

【3】Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?

A. They are affected by certain body chemicals.

B. They tend to do things that excite them.

C. They follow their parents’ examples.

D. They don’t need to go to school early.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【解析】試題分析：本文屬于調(diào)查報告，首先用數(shù)據(jù)告訴我們美國孩子睡眠狀況堪憂，接著告訴我們孩子在不同年齡段需要不同的睡眠時間，然后分析了孩子晚睡的原因，最后介紹了一些學(xué)校為了讓孩子們有更多的睡眠時間而推遲了上課的時間。

【1】A細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中第一段列舉了一些數(shù)據(jù)，向我們說明美國有51%的10到18歲的孩子上床睡覺的時間偏晚，也調(diào)查了60%的7到12歲的孩子在白天感到疲憊，15%的孩子會在學(xué)校睡著，所以這些調(diào)查都是關(guān)于美國孩子的睡眠習(xí)慣的，故選A.

【2】C細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第二段“For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal”, 所以11歲的上學(xué)小孩子的睡眠時間需要10個小時，故選C.

【3】B細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第三段“She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep”,所以她認為孩子們睡覺晚的原因是他們會在睡前做一些讓他們興奮的活動，故選B.