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Population Change

Why is the world’s population growing? The answer is not what you might think. The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits, but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies. In 1900, people died at the average age of 30. By 2000 the average age was 65. But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.

Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of the world’s population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e. 2.1 births per woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate. You might think that developing nations would make up the loss (especially since 80% of the world’s people now live in such nations), but you’d be wrong. Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too, which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.

A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, for instance. What does it imply? First, China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the country. Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.

Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise. Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%. Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961. Why is this occurring? Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it. If current trends don’t bend, Russia’s population will be about the size of Yemen’s by the year 2050.

In the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas. In total, 25% of India’s working-age population has no education. In 2030, a sixth of the country’s potential work force could be totally uneducated.

One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration. As for the USA, it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 2010—2030. Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result it’s likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.

71_______72_______73_______74_______75_______76_______77_______78_______79_______80_______

（1）Who has a birthday party?

_________________________________________________________________

（2）What date is Sarah's birthday?

_________________________________________________________________

（3）Is Sarah's birthday on Wednesday?

_________________________________________________________________

（4）What time is Sarah's birthday party at?

_________________________________________________________________

( )(1)When do you get up?

( )(2)How much is a box of mooncakes?

( )(3)Which type do you like?

( )(4)What would you like?

( )(5)What is he going to do?

( )(6)What does Lingling do?

( )(7)What did you do yesterday?

( )(8)What is john doing?

( )(9)What can you do on the computer?

( )(10)What are you reading?

The Spring Festival is Chinese New Year's Day. It usually _______（come/comes / coming)in February. Almost everybody in China likes the Spring Festival_________（very good/very well/very much). When the Spring Festival comes，people ______（play/water/clean）the houses and buy new clothes. ___________（In/On/At）the first day of the festival，most people in China________（eats/ate/eat）dumplings.

（1）tea （2）pencil-case （3）mouth （4）mouse （5）black

（6）plane （7）green （8）eye （9）brown （10）kite

（11）doll （12）arm （13）rabbit （14）sharpener （15）bread

（16）crayon （17）squirrel （18）hamburger （19）panda （20）foot

文具類

動物類

身體部位類

顏色類

食物類

玩具類

My father __ （1）____ a good friend in the factory (工廠). He is sixty.He is an old man. All of the children like him. We call ____（2）___ Uncle Sam. He __（3）___ from England. He ___（4）___ in Sichuan. He can’t __（5）____ Chinese. We teach(教) him Chinese ___（6）_he ___（7）_ us English. He ___（8）____ work __（9）_ Sundays. He __（10）___ making things. And he likes watching TV with his children at night.

M(mom): What would you like for breakfast, Chen Gang?

X(Chen Gang): I’d like an _g_ and some _at_ _.

M: Let’s clean the r_ _m.

X: Let me clean the w_n_ _w.

M: Chen Gang, put your _u_e_ in your bag.

X: Ok, mom.

M: Good b_ _.

X: Mom, there ia a photo under the bed.

M: Who is it ?

X: I don’t know. He’s a d_ _i_ e_

M：Oh，he’s your _nc_ _ .

（1）

A.juice B.milk C.coffee

（2）

A.pen B.pencil C.pencil-case

（3）

A.bread B.hot dog C.hamburger

（4）

A.dog B.pig C.cat

（5）

A.head B.ear C.eye

（6）

A.hand B.head C.finger

（7）

A.eight B.seven C.six

（8）

A.bird B.rabbit C.squirrel

（9）

A.doll B.boat C.ball

（10）4

A.four B.five C.face