【題目】從2016年1月1日起,我國(guó)全面放開二孩政策。據(jù)此回答下列小題。

1我國(guó)人口的突出特點(diǎn)是( )

A. 人口數(shù)量多,素質(zhì)高 B. 人口基數(shù)大,增長(zhǎng)快

C. 人口基數(shù)大,增長(zhǎng)已十分緩慢 D. 人口地區(qū)分布均勻

2我國(guó)開放二孩政策的原因,與實(shí)際不符的是(

A. 獨(dú)生子女家庭養(yǎng)老問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)峻 B. 人口老齡化速度加快

C. 勞動(dòng)年齡人口供給減少 D. 人口總數(shù)不斷減少

【答案】

1 B

2 D

【解析】

試題

1】自20世紀(jì)70年代初期我國(guó)大力推行計(jì)劃生育政策以來(lái),全國(guó)大約少生了約4億人,人口過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)的勢(shì)頭得到有效遏制.特別是近十年來(lái),人口的出生率和自然增長(zhǎng)率明顯下降.但是,由于我國(guó)人口基數(shù)大,青少年的比重高,在今后一段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)期內(nèi),人口總量還將持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。在度過(guò)高峰期后,人口總數(shù)才會(huì)呈下降趨勢(shì),但人口素質(zhì)不高的狀況在短期內(nèi)還難以根本改變,人口與經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、資源、環(huán)境的矛盾依然會(huì)十分突出。故選:B。

2】我國(guó)的人口國(guó)情是:人口老齡化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,人口基數(shù)大,人口增長(zhǎng)速度快,人口素質(zhì)低等,出于這樣的基本國(guó)情,為了促進(jìn)人口長(zhǎng)期均衡發(fā)展,我國(guó)實(shí)行了單獨(dú)二胎生育政策。所以,D項(xiàng)符合題意。故選:D。

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