【題目】地球儀是為了便于認(rèn)識(shí)地球,人們仿造地球的形狀,按照一定的比例縮小,制作的地球的模型。請(qǐng)根據(jù)地球儀相關(guān)知識(shí),完成下面小題。

1在地球儀上,緯線是

A.指示南北方向B.與地軸垂直的半圓

C.長(zhǎng)度不相等的圓圈D.全球可以劃分出十條緯線

2若要使房子周?chē)拈T(mén)窗都朝南,房子只能建在

A.赤道上B.北極點(diǎn)上C.南極點(diǎn)上D.本初子午線上

3東、西半球的劃分是以

A.20°E和160°W的經(jīng)線圈劃分B.0°緯線圈劃分

C.0°和180°經(jīng)線圈劃分D.20°W和160°E經(jīng)線圈劃分

4本初子午線是

A.南北緯度的分界線B.南北半球的分界線

C.東西經(jīng)度的分界線D.東西半球的分界線

【答案】

1C

2B

3D

4C

【解析】

緯線是在地球儀上,順著東西方向,環(huán)繞地球儀一周的圓圈,用符號(hào)E表示,所有的緯線都相互平行,并與經(jīng)線垂直,緯線指示東西方向。緯線圈的大小不等,赤道為最大的緯線圈,從赤道向兩極緯線圈逐漸縮小,到南、北兩極縮小為點(diǎn)。經(jīng)線是垂直緯線的半圓,用符號(hào)W表示,所有緯線長(zhǎng)度都相等。東西半球分界線是20°W160°E組成的經(jīng)線圈。南北半球的劃分是以0°緯線即赤道為界。本初子午線是一條特殊的經(jīng)線,其經(jīng)度是0°,該線以東是東經(jīng),以西是西經(jīng);本初子午線是一條穿過(guò)英國(guó)格林尼治天文臺(tái)舊址的經(jīng)線。

1緯線是在地球儀上,順著東西方向,環(huán)繞地球儀一周的圓圈。指示東西方向,緯線圈的大小不等,赤道為最大的緯線圈,從赤道向兩極緯線圈逐漸縮小,到南、北兩極縮小為點(diǎn)。在地球儀上,能畫(huà)出無(wú)數(shù)條緯線。
故選:C。

2南極點(diǎn)位于地球的最南端,它的四面八方是北方;北極點(diǎn)位于地球的最北端,它的四面八方是南方,若要使房子周?chē)拈T(mén)窗都朝南,房子只能建在北極點(diǎn)上,故B正確。
故選:B。

3東西半球的劃分是以20°W160°E組成的經(jīng)線圈為界,東半球的經(jīng)度范圍為20°W0°→160°E,西半球的經(jīng)度范圍為160°E180°←20°W
故選:D。

4赤道是南北緯度的分界線、是南北半球的分界線,本初子午線是東西經(jīng)度的分界線,東西半球分界線是20°W160°E組成的經(jīng)線圈。
故選:C。

本題組主要考察經(jīng)緯線的特點(diǎn)及重要的經(jīng)緯線,牢記即可。

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