【題目】閱讀下列材料,回答問題。
大陸漂移學(xué)說提出后,由于它不能更好地解釋漂移的機(jī)制問題,當(dāng)時(shí)曾受到地球物理學(xué)家的反對(duì)。20世紀(jì)50年代中期至60年代,隨著古地磁與地震學(xué)、宇航觀測(cè)的發(fā)展,使一度沉寂的大陸漂移說獲得了新生,并為板塊構(gòu)造學(xué)說的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)板塊構(gòu)造學(xué)說,全球被劃分為六大板塊和一些小板塊。板塊在不斷地運(yùn)動(dòng)著,發(fā)生張裂和碰撞。
(1)材料中的“大陸漂移說”的提出者是誰?他是哪國(guó)人?
(2)材料中的“六大板塊”的名稱分別是什么?
(3)下列地理事物由于板塊張裂運(yùn)動(dòng)形成的是( )
A.紅海
B.喜馬拉雅山脈
D.科迪勒拉山系
C.阿爾卑斯山脈
【答案】(1)魏格納 德國(guó)
(2)亞歐板塊 太平洋板塊 美洲板塊 非洲板塊 印度洋板塊 南極洲板塊
(3)A紅海
【解析】
根據(jù)板塊構(gòu)造學(xué)說,全球共有六大板塊,而且板塊之間仍然處在運(yùn)動(dòng)中,地殼比較活躍的地帶是位于板塊與板塊之間的交界處的地帶,在板塊內(nèi)部與陸地內(nèi)部地殼穩(wěn)定。
(1)材料中的“大陸漂移”學(xué)說,是由德國(guó)科學(xué)家魏格納提出的。
(2)地球的巖石圈是由六大板塊組成,分別是亞歐板塊、太平洋板塊、美洲板塊、非洲板塊、印度洋板塊、南極洲板塊,其中太平洋板塊幾乎全部是海洋。
(3)板塊之間處于不斷地運(yùn)動(dòng)中,在板塊之間的擠壓處往往會(huì)形成高大山脈,而在板塊的張裂處,會(huì)形成新的海洋或裂谷,紅海是由于處于亞歐板塊與非洲板塊的張裂處形成的,海洋面積還在擴(kuò)大,故選A。
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