無土栽培的某種營養(yǎng)液中,含硝酸鉀的質(zhì)量分數(shù)為7.10%.
(1)某蔬菜生產(chǎn)基地欲配制該營養(yǎng)液400kg,需要硝酸鉀的質(zhì)量是多少?
(2)這些硝酸鉀中含氮元素的質(zhì)量是多少?
解:(1)根據(jù)溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量/溶液質(zhì)量×100%,可求得配制該營養(yǎng)液400kg需要硝酸鉀的質(zhì)量為:400kg×7.10%=28.4kg;
(2)根據(jù)物質(zhì)中某元素的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
×100%,
可求得硝酸鉀氮元素的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
×100%=13.86% 溶質(zhì)硝酸鉀中含氮元素的質(zhì)量=28.4kg×13.86%=3.94 kg.
故答案為:
(1)28.4kg;
(2)3.94kg.
分析:(1)根據(jù)溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量/溶液質(zhì)量×100%即可求得溶質(zhì)硝酸鉀的質(zhì)量;
(2)根據(jù)物質(zhì)中某元素的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
×100% 即可求得硝酸鉀氮元素的質(zhì)量分數(shù),再求出溶質(zhì)硝酸鉀中含氮元素的質(zhì)量即可.
點評:本題考查學生根據(jù)相對原子質(zhì)量,物質(zhì)中某元素的質(zhì)量分數(shù),溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)進行分析解題的能力.