如圖16,在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,直線與軸交于點(diǎn),與軸交于點(diǎn),拋物線經(jīng)過三點(diǎn).
(1)求過三點(diǎn)拋物線的解析式并求出頂點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo);
(2)在拋物線上是否存在點(diǎn),使為直角三角形,若存在,直接寫出點(diǎn)坐標(biāo);若不存在,請(qǐng)說明理由;
(3)試探究在直線上是否存在一點(diǎn),使得的周長最小,若存在,求出點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo);若不存在,請(qǐng)說明理由.
解:(1)直線與軸交于點(diǎn),與軸交于點(diǎn).
,························································································· 1分
點(diǎn)都在拋物線上,
拋物線的解析式為························································ 3分
頂點(diǎn)······························································································· 4分
(2)存在··············································································································· 5分
············································································································· 7分
············································································································ 9分
(3)存在·············································································································· 10分
理由:
解法一:
延長到點(diǎn),使,連接交直線于點(diǎn),則點(diǎn)就是所求的點(diǎn).
····················································································· 11分
過點(diǎn)作于點(diǎn).
點(diǎn)在拋物線上,
在中,,
,,
在中,,
,,··············································· 12分
設(shè)直線的解析式為
解得
································································································ 13分
解得
在直線上存在點(diǎn),使得的周長最小,此時(shí).··· 14分
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