如圖16,在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,直線軸交于點(diǎn),與軸交于點(diǎn),拋物線經(jīng)過三點(diǎn).

(1)求過三點(diǎn)拋物線的解析式并求出頂點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo);

(2)在拋物線上是否存在點(diǎn),使為直角三角形,若存在,直接寫出點(diǎn)坐標(biāo);若不存在,請(qǐng)說明理由;

(3)試探究在直線上是否存在一點(diǎn),使得的周長最小,若存在,求出點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo);若不存在,請(qǐng)說明理由.

解:(1)直線軸交于點(diǎn),與軸交于點(diǎn)

························································································· 1分

點(diǎn)都在拋物線上,

  

拋物線的解析式為························································ 3分

頂點(diǎn)······························································································· 4分

(2)存在··············································································································· 5分

············································································································· 7分

············································································································ 9分

(3)存在·············································································································· 10分

理由:

解法一:

延長到點(diǎn),使,連接交直線于點(diǎn),則點(diǎn)就是所求的點(diǎn).

                       ····················································································· 11分

過點(diǎn)于點(diǎn)

點(diǎn)在拋物線上,

中,,

,,

中,,

,,··············································· 12分

設(shè)直線的解析式為

   解得

································································································ 13分

   解得 

在直線上存在點(diǎn),使得的周長最小,此時(shí).··· 14分

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