計(jì)算下列各題:
(1)(2x2-3x+1)+(-3x2+5x-7)
(2)-32×(2999-3888)0÷3-2+|-36|
(3)(-2a2b)2•3ab2÷4a3b3
(4)899×901+1(運(yùn)用乘法公式)
(5)將下式化簡(jiǎn),再求值:(x+2)(x-2)+(x-2)2+(x-4)(x-1),其中x2-3x=1.
分析:(1)先去括號(hào),再合并同類項(xiàng)即可;
(2)先計(jì)算平方,零指數(shù)冪,負(fù)整數(shù)指數(shù)冪,絕對(duì)值,再根據(jù)實(shí)數(shù)的運(yùn)算法則計(jì)算即可;
(3)先計(jì)算積的乘方,再根據(jù)單項(xiàng)式乘單項(xiàng)式和單項(xiàng)式除以單項(xiàng)式的法則計(jì)算即可;
(4)運(yùn)用平方差公式即可簡(jiǎn)便計(jì)算899×901;
(5)先根據(jù)平方差公式,完全平方公式,多項(xiàng)式乘多項(xiàng)式的法則計(jì)算,再合并同類項(xiàng)化簡(jiǎn),最后整體代入即可求解.
解答:解:(1)(2x
2-3x+1)+(-3x
2+5x-7)
=2x
2-3x+1-3x
2+5x-7
=-x
2+2x-6;
(2)-3
2×(2999-3888)
0÷3
-2+|-36|
=-9×1÷
+36
=-81+36
=-45;
(3)(-2a
2b)
2•3ab
2÷4a
3b
3
=4a
4b
2•3ab
2÷4a
3b
3
=4a
5b
4÷4a
3b
3=a
2b;
(4)899×901+1
=(900-1)(900+1)+1
=810000-1+1
=810000;
(5)(x+2)(x-2)+(x-2)
2+(x-4)(x-1)
=x
2-4+x
2-4x+4+x
2-5x+4
=3x
2-9x+4,
∵x
2-3x=1.
∴3x
2-9x+4=3(x
2-3x)+4=3+4=7.
點(diǎn)評(píng):考查了整式的混合運(yùn)算和整式的混合運(yùn)算-化簡(jiǎn)求值,注意:
(1)有乘方、乘除的混合運(yùn)算中,要按照先乘方后乘除的順序運(yùn)算,其運(yùn)算順序和有理數(shù)的混合運(yùn)算順序相似.
(2)“整體”思想在整式運(yùn)算中較為常見(jiàn),適時(shí)采用整體思想可使問(wèn)題簡(jiǎn)單化,并且迅速地解決相關(guān)問(wèn)題,此時(shí)應(yīng)注意被看做整體的代數(shù)式通常要用括號(hào)括起來(lái).