數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)A對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是-1,點(diǎn)B對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是1,一只小蟲(chóng)甲從點(diǎn)B出發(fā)沿著數(shù)軸的正方向以每秒1個(gè)單位的速度爬行至C點(diǎn),又立即返回到A點(diǎn),共用了4秒鐘.
(1)點(diǎn)C對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是______;
(2)若小蟲(chóng)甲返回到A點(diǎn)后再作如下運(yùn)動(dòng):第一次向右爬行2個(gè)單位,第2次向左爬行4個(gè)單位,第三次向右爬行6個(gè)單位,第四次向左爬行8個(gè)單位,…,依此規(guī)律爬下去,它第9次爬行所停的點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是______,第10次爬行所停的點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是______;
(3)在(2)的條件下,求小蟲(chóng)第n次爬行所停的點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù).
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解:(1)設(shè)點(diǎn)C對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是x,則
BC=x-1,AC=x-(-1)=x+1,
∴x-1+x+1=4×1,
解得x=2,
∴C對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是2; …
(2)第9次爬行,-1+2-4+6-8+10-12+14-16+18,
=-1-2-2-2-2+18,
=9,
第10次爬行,-1+2-4+6-8+10-12+14-16+18-20,
=-1-2-2-2-2-2,
=-11;
(3)n為奇數(shù)時(shí),小蟲(chóng)第n次爬行所停的點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)為n;
n為偶數(shù)數(shù)時(shí),小蟲(chóng)第n次爬行所停的點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)為-1-n.(每種情況,共4分)
分析:(1)設(shè)點(diǎn)C對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)是x,根據(jù)數(shù)軸的特點(diǎn)表示出BC、AC的長(zhǎng)度,再根據(jù)路程=速度×?xí)r間列式計(jì)算即可求解;
(2)根據(jù)正負(fù)數(shù)的意義,向左爬行用負(fù)數(shù)表示,向右爬行用正數(shù)表示,列式計(jì)算即可;
(3)根據(jù)(2)中結(jié)論,分當(dāng)n是奇數(shù)與是偶數(shù)時(shí)兩種情況解答.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查了數(shù)軸的知識(shí),有理數(shù)的混合運(yùn)算,仔細(xì)研讀題目,找準(zhǔn)規(guī)律是解題的關(guān)鍵.