Question

【題目】 It’s not strange to see people in the streets wearing masks (口罩) these days. It has become a habit for people _______ many parts of China, especially in the north, where the smog and PM 2.5 have been _________ influencing people’s lives.

Recently, Beijing issued a red alert (警報(bào)) for_________ air pollution. During red alert days, the PM 2.5 level in Beijing was around 300. “There was a burning smell in the air, and the thick smog blocks your way, keeping you from seeing _______,” Song Ting, a 21-year-old student in Harbin, told China Daily.

Beijing has already taken action. The government _________ limits (限制) on car use and cut some factory hours. It will also _________ companies that pollute. If they aren’t closed, heavily—polluting companies will have to buy water and electricity at higher prices. They also suggested that people reduce (減少) outdoor_________.

Although smog makes people stay indoors, an indoor environment does not always mean good air. Many parents have started to_________ their children’s health. They suggested that schools put air cleaners in classrooms, and some parents in Shanghai even _______ money themselves to buy air cleaners.

To help bring back blue skies, everyone can help out. We can take buses and subways instead of driving cars and taking taxis. People can also light fewer fireworks (煙花) during the Spring Festival and eat__________ street barbecue— both of these actions can reduce air pollution.

【1】A.inB.onC.atD.for

【2】A.greatlyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.mostly

【3】A.largeB.heavyC.busyD.last

【4】A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.nobody

【5】A.gotB.movedC.wentD.set

【6】A.openB.closeC.takeD.run

【7】A.activitiesB.pollutionC.environmentD.practice

【8】A.argue aboutB.bring aboutC.read aboutD.worry about

【9】A.roseB.raisedC.costD.picked

【10】A.moreB.muchC.lessD.fewer

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】B

【4】C

【5】D

【6】B

【7】A

【8】D

【9】B

【10】C

【解析】

短文大意：本文關(guān)注的是環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題，對(duì)北京的治霾措施給與了報(bào)道，提出了綠色出行，少放煙花和少吃街頭燒烤等環(huán)保建議。

【1】句意：在中國(guó)的很多地方，尤其是北方，那些霧霾和pm2.5已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響人們生活的地方，戴口罩已經(jīng)成為人們的一種習(xí)慣。

in表示空間或范圍，指較大的地方；on指在某物的表面；at表示某一點(diǎn)位置，指較小的地方；for一般不表示位置。根據(jù)“many parts of China中國(guó)的很多地方”，可知是大范圍，故選A。

【2】句意：在中國(guó)的很多地方，尤其是北方，那些霧霾和pm2.5已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響人們生活的地方，戴口罩已經(jīng)成為人們的一種習(xí)慣。

greatly大大地，表程度；hardly幾乎不，表否定；nearly差不多；mostly主要地。influence影響，需用程度副詞修飾；根據(jù)句意語(yǔ)境，可知霧霾對(duì)人們的生活影響很大，BCD三項(xiàng)不合句意，故選A。

【3】句意：最近，北京發(fā)布了嚴(yán)重空氣污染紅色預(yù)警。

large大的；heavy重的；busy忙碌的；last最后的。根據(jù)下文“During red alert days在紅色預(yù)警期間”，可知是嚴(yán)重空氣污染，故選B。

【4】句意：濃重的霧霾擋住了你的去路，讓你什么都看不到。

something某物，表不確定；nothing沒(méi)有東西，表完全否定；anything任何東西，用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句代替something；nobody沒(méi)有人，表完全否定。keep from doing阻止做某事；根據(jù)上文“the thick smog blocks your way濃濃的霧霾擋住了你的去路”，可知看不清任何東西，故選C。

【5】句意：政府規(guī)定了汽車的使用限制，并減少了一些工廠工作時(shí)間。

got得到；moved移動(dòng)；went去；set設(shè)置。根據(jù)“limits on car use汽車的使用限制”，可知政府做出了限制，前面三項(xiàng)不合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

【6】句意：它還將關(guān)閉污染環(huán)境的公司。

open開(kāi)；close關(guān)；take拿走；run跑。根據(jù)下文假設(shè)“If they aren’t closed如果它們不關(guān)閉”，可知選B。

【7】句意：他們還建議人們減少戶外活動(dòng)。

activities活動(dòng)；pollution污染；environment環(huán)境；practice實(shí)踐。根據(jù)下文“Although smog makes people stay indoors雖然霧霾使人們呆在室內(nèi)”，可知減少了戶外活動(dòng)，故選A。

【8】句意：許多家長(zhǎng)開(kāi)始擔(dān)心孩子的健康。

argue about爭(zhēng)論；bring about導(dǎo)致；read about讀到；worry about擔(dān)心。根據(jù)下文“They suggested that schools put air cleaners in classrooms他們建議學(xué)校在教室里安裝空氣凈化器”，可知家長(zhǎng)們擔(dān)心孩子的健康，故選D。

【9】句意：上海的一些家長(zhǎng)甚至自己集資購(gòu)買空氣凈化器。

rose增加；raised籌募錢財(cái)；cost價(jià)值，主語(yǔ)需是物；picked挑選。根據(jù)“to buy air cleaners買空氣凈化器”，可知家長(zhǎng)們自籌資金，故選B。

【10】句意：人們也可以在春節(jié)期間少放煙花，少吃街頭燒烤——這些做法都可以減少空氣污染。

more更多的，many和much的比較級(jí)；much許多的，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；less更少的，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；fewer更少的，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。barbecue燒烤，不可數(shù)名詞；根據(jù)“both of these actions can reduce air pollution這些都可以減少空氣污染”，可知應(yīng)該少吃街頭燒烤，故選C。

完形填空。主要題型有（1）考查詞義辨析：名詞辨析，形容詞副詞辨析，冠詞辨析，介詞連詞辨析等；（2）考查句子時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，選擇正確的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的選項(xiàng)；（3）考查從句（賓語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句等）；（4）根據(jù)固定句型或短語(yǔ)結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確的選項(xiàng)。

本文關(guān)注的是環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題，做題時(shí)要知道每一個(gè)詞的意義和用法，根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，然后結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)選擇適合語(yǔ)境或語(yǔ)法的選項(xiàng)。例如小題3，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是形容詞：large大的；heavy重的；busy忙碌的；last最后的。根據(jù)下文“During red alert days在紅色預(yù)警期間”，紅色預(yù)警是很嚴(yán)重的警告，可知空氣污染嚴(yán)重，故選B。