12.Are some people born clever,and others born stupid?Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes.In some degree,our intelligence is given to us at birth,and no education can make a talent out of a child bor with low intelligence.On the other hand,a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich environment.Therefore,the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth,whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This point of view,no is held by most experts.
It is easy to show that intelligence is something that we are born with.The closer the blood relationship between two people,the closer they are likely to be intelligence.If we take two strangers by chance from the population,it seems that their degree of intelligence will be completely different.If,on the other hand,we compare two twins,they will very likely be as intelligent as each other.Relations like brothers and sisters parents and children,usually have similar intelligence,and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments.We might send one,for example,to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring.We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important role.This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact (接觸) with each other,but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

51.How is man's intelligence given?C
A.At birth              
B.Through education
C.Both at birth and through education    
D.Neither at birth nor through education
52.What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph?A
A.確定       
B.修理     
C.穩(wěn)固     
D.安排
53.According the passage,if a child is born with low intelligence,what might happen to him later?C
A.Become a genius.
B.Still become a genius if he should be given special education.
C.Reach his intelligence limits in rich environment.
D.Never reach his intelligence in his life.
54.What can we learn from the example of the twins going to a university and to a factory?B
A.The importance of their intelligence.
B.The role of environment on intelligence.
C.The importance of their jobs
D.The part that birth plays
55.What statement is TRUE according to the passage?D
A.No education can help make a genius.
B.Personality is important as intelligence which was given to people at birth.
C.People who have similar degree of intelligence must be relatives.
D.Environment influences people in intelligence developing.

分析 有些人生來聰明,而有些人生來很笨嗎?或者智力的發(fā)展是由環(huán)境和我們的經(jīng)驗決定的嗎?奇怪的是,這些問題的答案是"是".從某種程度來講,我們出生的時候就有了智力,沒有任何教育可以把一個笨小孩轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槁斆鞯暮⒆樱硪环矫,生活在無聊環(huán)境中的孩子的智力不如生活在豐富環(huán)境中的孩子高.因此,人的智力是在出生的時候就已經(jīng)確定了,他能否達到最高的智力取決于他生長的環(huán)境.現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)專家認同這種觀點.
我們很容易證明智力是與生俱來的.兩個人之間的血緣關(guān)系越近,他們的智力就越可能相同.如果我們從人群中隨機抽取兩個人,似乎他們的智力水平是完全不同的.另一方面,如果我們比較兩個雙胞胎的智力水平,他們很可能是相同的.像兄弟和姐妹、父母和孩子之間的智力通常是一樣的,這清楚地表明智力是與生俱來的.
想象一下,現(xiàn)在我們將兩個雙胞胎置于不同的環(huán)境中.例如,我們讓其中的一個進入大學(xué),另一個到一個工廠做一些無聊的工作.我們很快會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們之間智力發(fā)展的差異,這顯示環(huán)境和出生一樣對智力的發(fā)展起著重要作用.這也從另一個側(cè)面證實相互密切接觸、但毫無關(guān)聯(lián)的人也會有相同的智力程度.

解答 51.答案:C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Therefore,the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth,whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.可知,你能夠有多聰明是生來就已經(jīng)決定的,但是你能不能達到最聰明的程度還要看你所處的環(huán)境,因此該題的答案為C.
52.答案:A.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This point of view,no is held by most experts.他能否達到最高的智力取決于他生長的環(huán)境.現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)專家認同這種觀點.可知,智力出生就已經(jīng)確定了.因此答案是A.
53.答案:C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.他能否達到最高的智力取決于他生長的環(huán)境.可知,答案是C.
54.答案:B.細節(jié)理解題.this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important role.這顯示環(huán)境和出生一樣對智力的發(fā)展起著重要作用.可知,答案是B.
55.答案:D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes.或者智力的發(fā)展是由環(huán)境和我們的經(jīng)驗決定的嗎?奇怪的是,這些問題的答案是"是".可知,D選項環(huán)境在影響人智力發(fā)展.是正確的.答案是D.

點評 閱讀題型,要注重句子與句子之間、段落與段落之間邏輯關(guān)系以及對篇章的整體理解.根據(jù)所給問題選擇正確選項完成試題.

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