Question

【題目】Do you think you’re smarter than your parents and grandparents? According to James Flynn，a professor at a New Zealand university，you are! Over the course of the last century，people who have taken IQ have gotten increasingly better scores —on average，three points better for every decade that has passed. This improvements is known as the "Flynn effect"，and scientists want to know what is behind it．

IQ tests and other similar tests are designed to measure general intelligence rather than knowledge．Flynn knew that intelligence partly comes from our parents and partly is the result of our environment and experience, but the improvement in test scores has been happening too quickly to be explained by heredity. or our surroundings. So What was happening in the 20th century that was helping people achieve higher scores on intelligence tests?

Scientists have proposed(提出)several explanations for the Flynn effect．Some suggest that the improved test scores simply reflect an increased exposure(暴露)to tests in general. Because we take so many tests, we learn test-taking techniques that help us perform better on any test. Others have pointed to better nutrition. (營(yíng)養(yǎng)) Since it results in babies being born larger, healthier, and with more brain development than in the past．Another possible explanation is a change in educational styles，with teachers encouraging children to learn by discovering things for themselves rather than just memorizing information. This could prepare people to do the kinds of problem-solving that intelligence tests require.

Flynn has limited the possible explanations when he looked carefully at the test data and discovered that the improvement in scores was only on certain parts of the IQ test．Test-takers didn’t do better on the maths or vocabulary sections of the test；They did better on the sections requiring reasoning and problem solving. For example，one part of the test shows a set of abstract (抽象的) shapes and test-takers must find the patterns (模式) and connections between them and decide which shape should be added to the test.

According to Flynn，this visual intelligence improves as the amount of technology in our lives increases．Every time you play a computer game or figure out how to program a new cell phone, you are exercising exactly the kind of thinking and problem solving that helps you do well on one kind of intelligence test．So are you really smarter than your parents？In one very specific way，you may be．

【1】The "Flynn effect" is ______.

A. used to measure intelligence

B. an increase in IQ test scores over time

C. the influence of technology on intelligence

D. connected our experience

【2】The underlined word “heredity” means _______.

A. the technological improvement

B. the advanced educational methods

C. the help of our peer or schoolmates

D. intelligence passing down from our parents

【3】According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?

A. Taking fewer tests can help us get higher scores.

B. Experience have more effects on our intelligence than surroundings.

C. Newer education encourages children to find things out by themselves.

D. People’s vocabulary ability and visual intelligence have improved.

【4】What could be the best title for the passage?

A. What is Flynn effect?

B. How can we do better on IQ tests?

C. Are parents helping in our intelligence?

D. Are human beings getting smarter?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 B

【2】 D

【3】 C

【4】 C

【解析】

短文大意：這篇科普短文關(guān)注的是遺傳因素對(duì)人的智力的影響，通過(guò)科學(xué)家們針對(duì)Flynn效應(yīng)所做的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，解釋了智力部分來(lái)自父母而部分來(lái)自環(huán)境和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，得出從某種特定的角度來(lái)說(shuō)你比父母更聰明的結(jié)論。

【1】題意：“弗林效應(yīng)”是______。考查詞義理解題。A. used to measure intelligence用來(lái)測(cè)量智力的；B. an increase in IQ test scores over time 隨著時(shí)間的推移智商測(cè)試分?jǐn)?shù)的增加；C. the influence of technology on intelligence技術(shù)對(duì)智力的影響；D. connected our experience聯(lián)系我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)people who have taken IQ have gotten increasingly better scores —on average，three points better for every decade that has passed. This improvements is known as the "Flynn effect"，可知選B。

【2】題意：帶下劃線的單詞“heredity”的意思是_________。考查詞義理解題。根據(jù)上文intelligence partly comes from our parents智力部分來(lái)自我們的父母，可知選D。

【3】題意：根據(jù)課文,下列哪個(gè)陳述是正確的?考查細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。A. Taking fewer tests can help us get higher scores.參加較少的考試可以幫助我們得到更高的分?jǐn)?shù)；根據(jù)Because we take so many tests, we learn test-taking techniques that help us perform better on any test.，可知說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。B. Experience have more effects on our intelligence than surroundings.經(jīng)驗(yàn)比環(huán)境對(duì)我們的智力影響更大；根據(jù)but the improvement in test scores has been happening too quickly to be explained by heredity or our surroundings.，可知說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。C. Newer education encourages children to find things out by themselves.新教育鼓勵(lì)孩子們自己去發(fā)現(xiàn)事物；根據(jù)For example，one part of the test shows a set of abstract shapes and test-takers must find the patterns and connections between them and decide which shape should be added to the test.，可知說(shuō)法正確。D. People’s vocabulary ability and visual intelligence have improved. 人們的詞匯能力和視覺(jué)智能都有所提高；根據(jù)Test-takers didn’t do better on the maths or vocabulary sections of the test；They did better on the sections requiring reasoning and problem solving.，可知說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。綜合以上分析，故選C。

【4】題意：這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是什么?考查標(biāo)題歸納題。A. What is Flynn effect? 什么是弗林效應(yīng)?B. How can we do better on IQ tests? How can we do better on IQ tests? 我們?nèi)绾卧谥巧虦y(cè)試上做得更好？C. Are parents helping in our intelligence?父母有助于我們的智力嗎？D. Are human beings getting smarter? 人類(lèi)變得越來(lái)越聰明了嗎? 根據(jù)開(kāi)頭Do you think you’re smarter than your parents and grandparents? According to James Flynn，a professor at a New Zealand university，you are!，結(jié)合短文內(nèi)容，可知短文關(guān)注的是父母因素對(duì)人的智力的影響，故選C。