Question

【題目】 A black hole is a place in outer space with very strong gravity. Gravity is a great force(力量) that shapes the universe. On Earth, gravity makes apples fall from trees. It keeps your feet planted on the ground. The gravity in a black hole is much stronger. It is so strong that nothing around it can get away from it, not even light.

Black holes are invisible. We can't actually see them because they don’t throw back light. But scientists can find them with space telescopes (望遠鏡)and special tools. The strong gravity makes nearby stars move in a certain way. By studying how the stars move, scientists can find out if they are flying around a black hole. Strange things happen around black holes. This makes black holes a popular subject of science fiction(科幻) stories, although they are very unreal.

A black hole forms when a star dies. The star falls in on itself and turns into a very small point. Because of its small size and huge mass(質(zhì)量), the gravity will be so strong that it will pull light in and become a black hole. Black holes can grow huge as they continue to pull other things in and “eat” them. Many scientists believe that there are super-massive black holes at the center of galaxies, including the Milky Way.

The idea of the black hole was first suggested by two different scientists in the 18th century: John Michelle and Pierre-Simon Laplace. In 1967, a physicist named John Archibald Wheeler came up with the name “black hole”. Studying black holes can tell us many things about our galaxy and help scientists answer questions about the universe.

【1】The word “invisible” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_________”.

A.far to goB.easy to findC.difficult to catchD.impossible to see

【2】The third paragraph is mainly about_________.

A.how big black holes areB.how heavy black holes are

C.how black holes are formedD.how black holes “eat” stars

【3】From the passage we learn_________.

A.a star's moving path can help scientists find a black hole

B.writers love writing about black holes because they are real

C.there aren't any black holes at the center of the Milky Way

D.John Archibald Wheeler found the first black hole in space

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】A

【解析】

這篇短文給我們介紹了“黑洞”的一些知識，一開始在18世紀(jì)兩個科學(xué)家提出了黑洞的理論，在1967年，一個叫John Archibald Wheeler提出了“黑洞”這個詞。黑洞是外太空引力非常強的地方，我們看不見黑洞。研究黑洞可以幫助科學(xué)家更多地了解宇宙。

【1】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在的語境 “Black holes are invisible. We can't actually see them because they don’t throw back light.” “黑洞是……的，我們不能看到它們因為它們不反射光”。由此可知invisible意為can’t see，及“看不見的”。故選D。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第三段的開頭A black hole forms when a star dies.以及這一段的內(nèi)容可知，這一段中主要介紹了黑洞是如何形成的。故選C。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第二段中 “By studying how the stars move, scientists can find out if they are flying around a black hole.”可知，通過研究恒星如何運動，科學(xué)家們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)它們是否在黑洞周圍飛行，即可以發(fā)現(xiàn)黑洞。A選項符合文意，故選A。根據(jù)第二段 “This makes black holes a popular subject of science fiction(科幻) stories, although they are very unreal.”可知B不對；根據(jù)第三段 “Many scientists believe that there are super-massive black holes at the center of galaxies, including the Milky Way.”可知C不對；根據(jù)最后一段 “In 1967, a physicist named John Archibald Wheeler came up with the name “black hole”.可知D不對。

這是一篇科普說明文，短文介紹了有關(guān)黑洞的一些知識。文章內(nèi)容遠離學(xué)生們的日常生活，專業(yè)性較強，在理解上有一定的難度。但這樣的文章主題比較明確，中心突出，學(xué)生們做題時可把握主題，結(jié)合題目所問，仔細閱讀相關(guān)內(nèi)容，辨析選項作答。題目考查了細節(jié)理解、推理判斷以及詞義猜測。如第1小題的猜詞題，文章中給出的是線索是非常明顯的，結(jié)合語境“Black holes are invisible. We can't actually see them because they don’t throw back light.” “黑洞是……的，我們不能看到它們因為它們不反射光”。由此可知invisible意為can’t see，及“看不見的”。故選D。第3題是一個推理題，做題時可將每個選項一一從原文進行定位，結(jié)合文意用排除法作答。