【題目】讀下列圖文資料回答問題。

黑土是大量枯枝落葉或草本植物難以腐化、分解，歷經(jīng)長時間演化形成的肥沃土壤。下圖示意某優(yōu)質(zhì)黑士區(qū)。20世紀(jì)30年代以來，該區(qū)域農(nóng)作物種植面積不斷擴大，黑土侵蝕嚴(yán)重。60年代起，該區(qū)域采取了滴灌等一系列措施，黑土侵蝕明顯減少。

（1）說明該地區(qū)氣候條件對黑土形成的影響。

（2）分析20世紀(jì)30年代以來該地區(qū)黑土侵蝕嚴(yán)重的原因。

（3）說明滴灌對減輕該地區(qū)黑土侵蝕的作用。

（4）簡述該地區(qū)土壤侵蝕減輕所產(chǎn)生的生態(tài)效益。

【答案】

（1）夏季雨熱同期，利于植被生長，冬季較長，寒冷干燥，枯枝落葉多；微生物活動弱，枯枝落葉分解緩慢。

（2）種植面積擴大，導(dǎo)致森林、草地破壞，加劇黑土退化；黑土區(qū)深居內(nèi)陸，冬春降水較少干旱，多大風(fēng)天氣，風(fēng)力侵蝕作用顯著；夏季降水集中多暴雨流水侵蝕作用較強。

（3）保持黑土水分，防止旱季因土壤過度干燥，減輕風(fēng)力對土壤的侵蝕；防過度灌溉造成水土流失

（4）減少大氣中的揚塵；改善水質(zhì), 保護土壤肥力；保護生物的棲息地，有利于維護生物多樣性

【解析】

試題分析：

（1）該地夏季雨熱同期，冬季較長，寒冷干燥，枯枝落葉多，有利于黑土的形成。

（2）該地區(qū)黑土侵蝕嚴(yán)重的原因，可以從草地破壞、風(fēng)力侵蝕等方面回答。

（3）滴灌有利于保持黑土水分、減輕風(fēng)力對土壤的侵蝕。

（4）土壤侵蝕減輕所產(chǎn)生的生態(tài)效益，可以從改善水質(zhì)、保護土壤肥力、保護生物多樣性等方面回答。

【知識點】區(qū)域存在的環(huán)境與發(fā)展問題及其產(chǎn)生的危害，以及有關(guān)的治理保護措施

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

An old couple in the seventies loved traveling. Every time they went away, they always left any money and a note on the table for a potential thief. This time they are taking a two-month trip to Guangdong to celebrate this year Spring Festival. They left a note which says, "I know you have suffered a lot this year. You must eager to go home to see your parents. Please take the money and buy a ticket. " In fact, a thief did break in a few years ago .He took out the money butleft everything else untouching. When asked how they did so, the husband said, "I believe people are born kindly .We should reach out a helping hand when somebody is in trouble.”

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】閱讀下列材料，回答下題。

材料一 東北平原地區(qū)是我國的主要商品糧基地分布區(qū)，該基地也是我國大豆的主產(chǎn)區(qū)。但近年來，由于進口大豆的沖擊，豆價大幅下跌，由原來的2.2元/kg，降到現(xiàn)在的1.6元/kg，降幅近30%。

材料二 國產(chǎn)大豆與進口大豆比較表 注：運輸費用以到達大連為例。

材料三 東北平原某地生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)示意圖

（1）東北平原地區(qū)是我國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化和水利化水平較高的農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)，從自然條件來看，這里有利于機械化、水利化建設(shè)的因素是______________________________________________________________________。

（2）由于價格下跌，產(chǎn)品滯銷，豆農(nóng)的生產(chǎn)積極性大受打擊，紛紛減產(chǎn)或轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)，我國東北大豆生產(chǎn)呈現(xiàn)萎縮之勢。你認為應(yīng)采取哪些措施，使東北大豆生產(chǎn)走出困境，重振雄風(fēng)。

（3）生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)作為農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路在東北大豆產(chǎn)區(qū)近年來得到一定的發(fā)展和推廣，試分析圖示生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)模式的好處。

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】讀“山西省工業(yè)增加值結(jié)構(gòu)圖”，完成下列問題。

【1】改革開放初期，山西省經(jīng)濟的核心部門是( )

A．原料業(yè) B．加工業(yè)

C．采掘業(yè) D．冶金業(yè)

【2】圍繞能源開發(fā)，山西省構(gòu)建的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈?zhǔn)? )

①煤一電一鋁 ②煤一焦一化 ③煤一氣一液

④煤一鐵一鋼 ⑤煤一電一鋼

A．①②③ B．②③④

C．①②④ D．③④⑤

【3】下列敘述正確的是(　　)

A.加工工業(yè)比重一直呈下降趨勢

B.原料工業(yè)比重2000年比1995年增加了10%

C.采掘業(yè)逐漸取代加工工業(yè)占到了主體地位

D.冶金、化學(xué)、建材等部門屬于加工工業(yè)

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】--- Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?

--- No, only the two passengers who got hurt.

A. there were

B. it were

C. there was

D. it was

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】First ________ is a temporary form of help ________ to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a

doctor can be found.

A．favor；to give B．benefit；giving

C．a(chǎn)id；given D．help；give

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】閱讀理解。

California Condor’s Shocking Recovery

California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(鉛中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.

In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.

Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(電死) if they touch two lines at once.

So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.

Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(腎) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.

Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”

【1】California condors attract researchers’ interest because they .

A.are active at night

B.had to be bred in the wild

C.are found on in California

D.almost died out in the 1980s

【2】Researchers have found electrical lines are.

A.blocking condors’ journey home

B. big killers of Califorbnia condoras

C. rest places for condors at night

D. used to keep condors away

【3】According to Paraghaph 5 ,lead poisoning.

A.makes condors too nervous to fly

B. has little effect on condors’ kidneys

C. can hardly be gotten rid of form condors’ blood

D. makes it different for condors to produce baby birds

【4】The passage shows that .

A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactory

B.Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering

C.the efforts to protect condors have brought good results

D.researchers have found the final answers to the problem

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】讀圖回答下列問題。

【1】

A. 甲區(qū)域?qū)嵉孛娣e小于乙區(qū)域

B. ①地與③地自轉(zhuǎn)線速度相等

C. ②地與④地的距離為2220KM

D. ③地位于④地的西南方向

【2】

A. ①--水資源短缺，干旱面積廣大

B. ②--地勢較平坦，平原面積廣闊

C. ③--植被類型是亞熱帶常綠硬葉林

D. ④--太陽能、地?zé)崮艿饶茉簇S富

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：

【題目】I’ve never the theory that people are more important than animals.

A. corresponded to

B. subscribed to

C. referred to

D. contributed to

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案