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在“探究加速度與力、質(zhì)量的關(guān)系”的實(shí)驗(yàn)中,采用如圖1所示的裝置.                        

                              

(1)下列說法中正確的是                                                                                    

A.在探究加速度與質(zhì)量的關(guān)系時(shí),應(yīng)改變拉力的大小                                                 

B.在探究加速度與外力的關(guān)系時(shí),應(yīng)該改變小車的質(zhì)量                                              

C.在探究加速度a與質(zhì)量m的關(guān)系時(shí),為了直觀判斷二者間的關(guān)系,應(yīng)作出a﹣圖象                           

D.當(dāng)小車的質(zhì)量遠(yuǎn)小于砝碼盤和砝碼的總質(zhì)量時(shí),才能近似認(rèn)為細(xì)線對小車的拉力大小等于砝碼盤和砝碼的總重力大小                                                                                                                               

(2)某同學(xué)測得小車的加速度a和拉力F的數(shù)據(jù)如下表所示:(小車質(zhì)量保持不變)根據(jù)表中的數(shù)據(jù)在坐標(biāo)圖上如圖2作出a﹣F圖象.                                                                                                                  

F/N       0.20    0.30    0.40    0.50    0.60

a/m•s2 0.10    0.23    0.27    0.40    0.49

(3)該圖線不通過坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)的原因可能是                                                                    .          

                                                                                                                                    

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一打點(diǎn)計(jì)時(shí)器固定在斜面上某處,一小車拖著穿過打點(diǎn)計(jì)時(shí)器的紙帶從斜面上滑下,如圖1所示.圖2是打出的紙帶的一段.                                                                                                                             

                      

(1)已知打點(diǎn)計(jì)時(shí)器使用的交流電頻率為50Hz,利用圖2給出的數(shù)據(jù)可求出小車下滑的加速度a=          

(2)為了粗略求出小車與斜面間的動摩擦因數(shù),還需測量的物理量有                         .用測得的量及加速度a表示動摩擦因數(shù)的計(jì)算表達(dá)式μ=                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                    

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如圖所示,在“互成角度的兩個力的合成”實(shí)驗(yàn)中,用A、B兩彈簧秤拉橡皮條結(jié)點(diǎn)O,使其位于O′處,此時(shí)α+β=90°.保持彈簧秤A的讀數(shù)不變,當(dāng)α角由圖中所示的值逐漸減小時(shí),要使結(jié)點(diǎn)仍在O′處,可采取的辦法是:將彈簧秤B的讀數(shù)                                                                                                             、β角的角度           (填“增大”或“減小”)

                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                                    

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如圖所示,一名消防隊(duì)員在模擬演習(xí)訓(xùn)練中,沿著長為12m的豎立在地面上的鋼管往下滑.已知這名消防隊(duì)員的質(zhì)量為60㎏,他從鋼管頂端由靜止開始先勻加速再勻減速下滑,滑到地面時(shí)速度恰好為零.如果他加速時(shí)的加速度大小是減速時(shí)的2倍,下滑的總時(shí)間為3s,g取10m/s2,那么該消防隊(duì)員(     )                        

                                                                                                                          

    A.  下滑過程中的最大速度為4 m/s

    B.  加速與減速過程的時(shí)間之比為2:1

    C.  加速與減速過程中所受摩擦力大小之比為1:7

    D.  加速與減速過程的位移之比為1:4

                                                                                                                                    

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如圖所示,質(zhì)量為m的木塊在質(zhì)量為M的長木板上受到向右的拉力F的作用向右滑行,長木板處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),已知木塊與木板間的動摩擦因數(shù)為μ1,木板與地面間的動摩擦因數(shù)為μ2.下列說法正確的是(     )                    

                                                                                                     

    A.  木板受到地面的摩擦力的大小一定是μ1mg

    B.  木板受到地面的摩擦力的大小一定是μ2(m+M)g

    C.  當(dāng)F>μ2(m+M)g時(shí),木板便會開始運(yùn)動

    D.  無論怎樣改變F的大小,木板都不可能運(yùn)動

                                                                                                                                    

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空間探測器從某一星球表面豎直升空,已知探測器質(zhì)量為500kg(設(shè)為恒量),發(fā)動機(jī)豎直推力為恒力,探測器升空后發(fā)動機(jī)因故障而突然關(guān)閉,同時(shí)自動修復(fù)程序啟動,短時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù)成功,恰好使探測器安全返回星球表面.如圖所示是探測器的速度﹣﹣時(shí)間圖象,由圖象可判斷該探測器(     )                                      

                                                                                  

    A.  在星球表面所能達(dá)到的最大高度是480m

    B.  豎直升空時(shí)位移最大的時(shí)刻是8s末

    C.  豎直升空后速度最大的時(shí)刻是8s末和40s末

    D.  探測器在48s末返回星球表面

                                                                                                                                    

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如圖所示,木塊A、B用輕彈簧相連,放在懸掛的木箱C內(nèi),處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),它們的量之比是1:2:3.當(dāng)剪斷細(xì)繩的瞬間,物體A.B.C的加速度大小分別是(                                                                )                    

                                                                                                                 

    A.                0,0,0               B. 0,0,g         C. 0,1.2g,1.2g  D. 0,1.2g,g

                                                                                                                                    

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如圖所示,當(dāng)小車向右加速運(yùn)動時(shí),物塊M相對車廂靜止于豎直車廂壁上,當(dāng)車的加速度增大時(shí)(   )              

                                                                                                          

    A. M受靜摩擦力增大             B. M對車廂壁的壓力增大

    C. M仍相對于車廂靜止          D.  M受靜摩擦力不變

                                                                                                                                    

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 “蹦極”是一項(xiàng)非常刺激的體育運(yùn)動.某人身系彈性繩自高空P點(diǎn)自由下落,如圖中a點(diǎn)是彈性繩的原長位置,c是人所到達(dá)的最低點(diǎn),b是人靜止地懸吊著時(shí)的平衡位置.人從P點(diǎn)落下到最低點(diǎn)c的過程中(     )                

                                                                                                    

    A.  人在Pa段做自由落體運(yùn)動,處于完全失重狀態(tài)

    B.  在ab段繩的拉力小于人的重力,人處于失重狀態(tài)

    C.  在bc段繩的拉力小于人的重力,人處于失重狀態(tài)

    D.  在c點(diǎn),人的速度為零,其加速度為零

                                                                                                                                    

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如圖所示,A、B兩球用勁度系數(shù)為k1的輕彈簧相連,B球用長為L的細(xì)繩懸于0點(diǎn),A球固定在0點(diǎn)正下方,且O、A間的距離恰為L,此時(shí)繩子所受的拉力為F1,現(xiàn)把A、B間的彈簧換成勁度系數(shù)為k2的輕彈簧,仍使系統(tǒng)平衡,此時(shí)繩子所受的拉力為F2,則F1與F2大小之間的關(guān)系為(     )                                              

                                                                                                              

    A. F1<F2        B. F1>F2       C.                      F1=F2       D. 無法確定

                                                                                                                                    

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