【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Du Fu was a Chinese poet and politician of the Tang Dynasty. Along with Li Bai, he is 【1】 （frequent） called the greatest of the Chinese poets. 【2】（bear） into a scholarly family, Du Fu received a 【3】（tradition） Confucian education but failed in the imperial examinations of 735. As a result, he 【4】（spend） much of his youth traveling. During his travels he was recognized as a poet and met other poets of the period, 【5】 （include） the great Li Bai. He had a strong 【6】 （admire） for this older, freewheeling contemporary.

Du Fu's early poetry celebrated the beauty of the natural world and bemoaned （惋惜）the passage of time. He soon began to write about war—as in “Bingche xing” And with hidden satire （諷刺）9 he wrote “Liren xing", 【7】 speaks of the luxury （奢侈） of the court. As he matured, and especially during 【8】 chaotic period of 755 to 759, his poems began to sound a note of sympathy for humanity caught in the senseless war.

Du Fu's irreplaceable position in the history of Chinese literature 【9】 （rest） on his superb classicism。. He was an expert 【10】 all poetic styles current in his day, and his mastery was at its height in the lvshi, or "regulated verse”.

【答案】

【1】frequently

【2】Born

【3】traditional

【4】spent

【5】including

【6】admiration

【7】which

【8】the

【9】rests

【10】in/at/on

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了中國(guó)唐代詩(shī)人杜甫。

【1】

考查副詞。句意：和李白一起，杜甫經(jīng)常被稱作中國(guó)最偉大的詩(shī)人。這里需要一個(gè)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞called，所以frequent變成副詞形式frequently。故填frequently。

【2】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 出生在學(xué)術(shù)家庭，杜甫接受了傳統(tǒng)的儒家教育，但是在753年的科舉考試中失利。這里前半句缺少主語(yǔ)，主句是逗號(hào)后的部分，該部分為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。故填born。

【3】

考查形容詞。句意：出生在學(xué)術(shù)家庭，杜甫接受了傳統(tǒng)的儒家教育，但是在753年的科舉考試中失利。傳統(tǒng)的后面是名詞短語(yǔ)“儒家教育”，所以此處用形容詞傳統(tǒng)的修飾儒家教育。故填traditional。

【4】

考查時(shí)態(tài)。這里故事背景發(fā)生在杜甫那個(gè)時(shí)代，是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，也可以根據(jù)前后文都是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以這里spend也需要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填spent。

【5】

考查介詞。句意：在他的旅行中，杜甫被認(rèn)出是一個(gè)詩(shī)人，同樣也遇到了同時(shí)期的其他詩(shī)人，包括李白。這里后面接名詞短語(yǔ)，所以需要填介詞。故填including。

【6】

考查名詞。前面是冠詞和形容詞，后面應(yīng)該加名詞詞性，所以這里admire變成名詞admiration。故填admiration。

【7】

考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，句中先行詞為Liren xing ，指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。

【8】

考查冠詞。這里the period of 表示特指一段時(shí)期，特指755年至759年，所以用定冠詞the。故填the。

【9】

考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。本句話的主語(yǔ)是Du Fu's irreplaceable position，中心詞是名詞position，這里是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用三單形式，文本是介紹杜甫在中國(guó)文學(xué)史上的地位，因此應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以不需要用過(guò)去時(shí)。故填rests。

【10】

考查介詞。句意：他是所有詩(shī)歌體裁的專家, 這里是固定搭配an expert in/at/on… ，表示表示“是某方面的專家”。故填in/at/on。

本篇語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)考查的比較簡(jiǎn)單，從句部分考到了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)鍵抓住兩點(diǎn)：第一、找準(zhǔn)先行詞；第二、看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成分。先行詞往往為名詞或代詞，如第7題中先行詞為名詞Liren xing，再分析先行詞Liren xing在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成分，將先行詞Liren xing帶到從句中可知，作主語(yǔ)，這里非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能用that, 故確定關(guān)系詞which。

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