Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. Bust some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.
Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue(疲勞) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.
The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.
Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions(養(yǎng)老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.
“The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”
However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs—with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)
小題1:According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other disease like ____________________________________.
小題2:Westerlund’s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both __________________________________.
小題3:What dies the word “improvements” in paragraph 5 refer to?
_______________________________________________________________
小題4:Retirement may make people happier with ___________________________________

小題1:heart disease and high blood pressure
小題2:mentally and physically
小題3:the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms
小題4:the more of a financial safety net

小題1:細節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure.可知答案是heart disease and high blood pressure
小題2:細節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：he researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.可知退休的人精神和身體都感到疲勞。mentally and physically
小題3:細節(jié)題：從第五段的句子：“We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement.可知是減少疲勞和壓抑的癥狀： the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms
小題4:細節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.可知答案是 the more of a financial safety net
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：寫作題

請以“Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports " 為題寫一篇英語短文，內(nèi)容包括：
1．      體育運動的好處；
2．      體育運動可能帶來的副作用；
3．      你參加運動的體會
注意：1.詞數(shù)：120詞左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)加入細節(jié)，以使內(nèi)容充實，行文連貫。
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面的短文，然后以約 30 個詞概括故事的主要內(nèi)容。
Who says honesty is dead? Last Tuesday morning Alan Reed, a student, was at the bank. He asked to take out $ 50 but the bank clerk mistakenly gave him five twenties instead of five tens. For a few seconds he wondered what to do. Should he give the extra money back? Keep it? If he kept it, he could buy several new books, or he could take his friend Alice to a fancy dinner. Probably no one would ever notice. Besides, this would make up for all the times he’d been overcharged. But then he looked at the clerk. She was a middle-aged woman with a sweet face, and she reminded him of his mother. She had been nice to him, and she looked pressured in her work. Then it occurred to him that the lady would probably get in trouble. Worst of all, Alan felt, he would probably feel guilty about keeping the extra cash. So Alan gave back the money.
The bank clerk was so impressed that someone was honest enough to return money not rightfully his that she contacted the newspaper. So there you have it. What would you have done if you’d been in Alan’s position?

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閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)第58至第60小題的具體要求，盡可能簡要回答問題，并將答案轉(zhuǎn)寫到答題卷上。
We leave London on 15 July, and we’ll be taking a flight to Morocco in northern Africa. We’re going to ride camels through the Sahara Desert. It’s the biggest desert in the world―about the size of the US! I expect it will be very hot, dry and dusty there. We’ll be travelling by camel with local guides, camping in tents and sleeping on the ground. I’ve heard that, in the Sahara, there is no shade during the day, and the stars seem especially brilliant on clear nights. I’ll bring a flashlight with me so that I’ll be able to see in the dark. Altogether, the trip will take six days. That means I’ll have to sit on a camel for almost a week―how uncomfortable! I hope my camel likes me!
小題1:Where will the writer take a trip to?(回答詞數(shù)不超過5個詞)
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_______________________________________________________________________

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閱讀下面短文并回答問題，然后將答案寫到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上（請注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (認知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop --- a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory：intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body -- and therefore brain ---is parasitic (由寄生蟲引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development __________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (輸送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3] Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
小題1:What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________
小題2:Complete the following statement with proper words. (no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the___________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
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[1]Online advertising is simply advertising that is done on the Internet. While it has a much shorter history than traditional advertising, the effects of online advertising can not be undervalued As more people turn to the Internet as a source for daily news, socialization and communication, more advertising dollars are likely to be spent. In fact, in a period of five years, from 2006 to 2010, online advertising                       6 percent of all money spent for advertising, to 12 percent or more.
[2]Online advertising is also quickly becoming a serious force for other types of advertising media to deal with. Newspapers and magazines all over the world are facing a number of different challenges, including loss of ad revenue (廣告收益). Many attribute (把……歸于) some of those struggles to online advertising, which is not only taking a share of the advertising, but a share of the audience as well.
[3]However, newspapers and magazines are not the only media dealing with lower revenue. The remarkable thing about online advertising is it gives the ads a much wider coverage and its globally wider coverage helps in making the advertisements reach more audiences. Furthermore, because of hypertext (超文本) linking, advertisers have the power to transport potential buyers directly to their site.
[4]Online advertising can be presented in many flexible styles. In some cases, it may not look like advertising at all. There was one case. A video that showed popcorn (爆玉米花) being popped by radiation which was put out from mobile phones was put on the website. While this was later revealed as a trick, the company that put the video online received a large amount of attention. The company sold earphones meant to help limit an individual’s exposure to radiation.
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小題3:Complete the following statement with proper words according to Paragraph 2. (within 5 words)
Traditional types of advertising media such as newspaper and magazines are suffering      
                because of the serious force of online advertising.
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①                      ②                  
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Directions: Read the following passage．Answer the questions according to the information
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Why should you keep exercising even when cold temperatures make you want to hide under the covers? With the temperatures dropping at this time of year, many of us tend to hibernate (冬眠) inside our homes. But, hibernating is for bears. As humans it’s important to stay active through all four seasons. Yet, a poll of 5,000 people found that 30 percent get no exercise at all during the winter months.
Just because it is cold outside it is no excuse not to exercise. There are many exercise choices one can choose to take part in regardless of the cold weather. Depending on your location and likes, you can choose to exercise inside or outside.
All that is required for winter-time exercise is some planning and the following of some safety tips. If you prefer to exercise outside, keep the following tips in mind.
Get warm first. A proper warm-up is critical. Cold temperatures can make your muscles tight and therefore they are easier to be injured. So, it’s important to get them warm-up before intense (激烈的) physical activity.
No sweat. Don’t assume that you have to sweat in order to get a good workout. You should avoid sweating that causes the clothing layer closest to your skin to get wet and cause you to be cold.
Don’t undress when you get inside. While you may want to immediately remove your layers when returning inside, you should give your body time to adjust.
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By staying fit during winter, you’ll be able to avoid gaining weight and losing strength caused from inactivity.
小題1: Why is it important to get your muscles warmed-up before intense physical activity? (no more than 16 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小題2:What are needed for exercising in winter? (no more than 6 words)
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Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness?小題1:The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
lMake a plan for achieving goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
lSurround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively(消極地) when you are surrounded by people who think that way.小題2:
lWhen something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks(挫折) to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the things back to their favor.
l小題3:These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
l小題4:Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously(下意識地) putting yourself in a better mood.
lFinding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
lKeeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. 小題5:
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B．On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy， their emotional state will be easily passed to you.
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D．These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.
E.Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.
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G.It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.

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[1] Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior. One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards.
[2] They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game, which is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher. The most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself,                  . The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment.
[3] The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children were ages two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children were ages five to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs — or intelligence quotients — of the younger children who were not spanked (打屁股) were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.
[4] Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development is. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.
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小題2:Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Compared to the children's IQs whose parents use physical punishment, the result of those whose parents don't is 5 points higher.
                                                                             
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小題5:Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 into Chinese.
                                                                             

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