【題目】 Over a four-year period, Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers (肝)alive outside of the body for one week.

Livers are among the most commonly transplanted (移植)human organs. Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients.

The researchers say the purpose of their “Liver4Life” machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion (灌注)operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other liquids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste.

The research team began their experiments with livers from pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, they succeeded in getting the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine. They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. The team is now planning its next step to transplant machine-treated organs into patients.

Pierre-Alain Clavien. leader of the research said in a statement. “This technology will greatly increase the number of livers available for transplant, improving the chances of survival for patients. The success of this unique machine opens the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine.”

【1】What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?

A.Introduce a brand new topic for discussion.

B.Provide some latest data about present liver transplants.

C.Show the urgency of tech improvement in liver transplants.

D.Remind readers concerned of the importance of a healthy liver.

【2】What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.The machine.B.The liver.

C.The temperature.D.The tissue.

【3】What can we learn about the Liver4Life machine?

A.It is among the most commonly used machines for liver transplants.

B.It is aimed to carry out liver perfusion operations in the human body.

C.It can perform several functions to keep the liver working normally.

D.It can be used to keep the pig livers alive for more than one week.

【4】Where is this text most likely from?

A.A biology textbook.B.A first aid brochure.

C.A social web page.D.A health magazine.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。在四年多的時(shí)間里，瑞士研究人員開發(fā)出一種機(jī)器，可以讓人的肝臟在體外存活一周。文章介紹了這個(gè)機(jī)器的作用，研究過(guò)程和意義。

【1】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients.目前的技術(shù)只能讓人類的肝臟存活24小時(shí)。據(jù)報(bào)道，2017年，美國(guó)約有8000例肝移植手術(shù)在美國(guó)，另外還有360個(gè)活體捐贈(zèng)者的肝臟，約有1.15萬(wàn)人在等待接受肝臟移植。延長(zhǎng)肝臟的存活和功能可以大大提高患者的存活幾率。推測(cè)作者在第二段中，想要展示肝臟移植技術(shù)改進(jìn)的緊迫性。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)the machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. 這臺(tái)機(jī)器將肝臟保持在適當(dāng)?shù)臏囟�，后文主語(yǔ)為The machine，謂語(yǔ)為move，推測(cè)賓語(yǔ)與前文相同，也為liver。所以機(jī)器使肝臟保持在合適的溫度，并以一種人體自然的方式移動(dòng)肝臟。因此it指的是“肝臟”。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste. 這臺(tái)機(jī)器將肝臟保持在適當(dāng)?shù)臏囟�，并以人體的方式自然移動(dòng)肝臟。利用泵像心臟一樣向肝臟內(nèi)注入血液，這臺(tái)機(jī)器還向肝臟提供氧氣，控制紅細(xì)胞水平，并清除廢物。 及第四段They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. 他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)該系統(tǒng)可以修復(fù)受損的肝臟。由此判斷出，Liver4Life機(jī)器可以發(fā)揮多種功能，保持肝臟正常工作。故選C項(xiàng)。

【4】

推理判斷題。在四年多的時(shí)間里，瑞士研究人員開發(fā)出一種機(jī)器，可以讓人的肝臟在體外存活一周。文章介紹了這個(gè)機(jī)器的作用，研究過(guò)程和意義。推測(cè)這篇文章最有可能來(lái)自健康雜志。故選D項(xiàng)。

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

【1】What does the man do?

A.A tour guide.B.A hotel clerk.C.A travel agent.

【2】What does the man say about the bed-sitting room?

A.It can’t provide enough beds.

B.Its price is a bit too high.

C.It is close to the beach.

【3】When does the conversation probably take place?

A.In May.B.In July.C.In September.

【4】What does the woman have to do before phoning the man again?

A.Consult her parents.

B.Prepare a travel schedule.

C.Have a talk with her friends.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】假如你是高三(1)班班長(zhǎng)李華。隨著高考的臨近，你班一些同學(xué)開始緊張焦慮。請(qǐng)你在班級(jí)微信群給大家留言，鼓勵(lì)大家輕松迎考。留言應(yīng)包括下列要點(diǎn):

1.癥狀及影響； 2.合理建議； 3.高考祝愿。

注意: 1.短文應(yīng)包括全部要點(diǎn)。2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫。3.短文中不可出現(xiàn)考生真實(shí)信息。4.詞數(shù): 100左右開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Dear classmates,

With the entrance examination for college drawing near, many of us feel nervous recently.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes，

Yours,

Li Hua

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】 It was a Saturday evening in March，just before sundown，when we heard the screaming. I was out walking with my wife，Melissa，and our golden retriever(獵犬)，Kira，beside a lake when the peace was broken by a woman’s voice，calling out two names over and over.

We spotted her，almost immediately，three or four hundred feet away across the lake. Spring had come but there was still snow on the ground，the water covered by a layer of ice that had just started to thaw. Two big dogs were walking across it. They appeared to be quite old and were moving slowly. As we watched，the ice gave way beneath one dog and then the other，plunging them into the water.

We arrived at the scene a few minutes later，but the dogs already seemed to be showing the effects of the cold as they struggled weakly to escape. We realized that calling 911 would be useless—the dog farther out was in water about 20 feet deep and I feared neither of them would stay afloat long enough for the emergency services to arrive. Besides，I was probably qualified to carry out the rescue myself. I was practicing the kind of deep breathing my grandfather had taught me as I walked in. I wasn’t alone—Kira swam alongside me. Having Kira there was a huge support. We were able to go back to shore quickly.

The second dog was further out and I had to pause before I went back in. That’s when another technique I’d learned from my grandfather came into play. He’d taught me about a pressure point on the wrist that when pressed in the right way sends out an electrical signal，like a jolt of energy. That kept me warm as I set out again with，Kira. I maintained eye contact with the dog as we approached. With Kira’s encouragement，it followed us back. The owner was emotional—“I’m the luckiest woman alive!”she said.

【1】What does the underlined word“thaw”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Melt.B.Shake.

C.Flow.D.Appear.

【2】Why didn’t the writer call 911?

A.The writer’s dog has been trained to save lives.

B.The dogs could save themselves from the cold water.

C.There wasn’t enough time to wait for the emergency services.

D.The writer’s grandfather had taught him how to save the dogs.

【3】What do we know about the second technique the writer learned from his grandfather?

A.It makes him brave.B.It keeps him warm.

C.It allows him stay focused.D.It helps him walk quickly.

【4】Who accompanied and helped the writer while saving the dogs in the water?

A.His wife.B.The dogs’owner.

C.His grandfather.D.His dog.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

【1】What did the woman want to do at first?

A.Visit her mother.B.Refuse a job offer.C.Resign from work.

【2】What does the man suggest the woman do?

A.Take an absence leave.B.Change her job.C.Hire a care worker.

【3】What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?

A.Doctor and patient.B.Boss and employee.C.Teacher and student.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】Or students, preparing for Gaokao is a difficult but _____ challenge that will shape their future.

A.controversialB.arbitraryC.tentativeD.worthwhile

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】Translation

【1】在任何情況下，堅(jiān)持原則、明辨是非都是明智的行為。(sense)

【2】發(fā)展中國(guó)家越來(lái)越多的人日收入超過(guò)1.9美元，象征著他們已經(jīng)擺脫了極度貧困。(indicate)

【3】微信朋友圈的照片常常讓人看了非常羨慕朋友們的生活，但他們的實(shí)際生活可能并不像照片看上去的那么吸引人。(as…as…)

【4】在高中畢業(yè)的這一刻，回首往事，我們?cè)僭趺锤兄x師長(zhǎng)的教誨、同學(xué)的幫助和學(xué)校的包容都不為過(guò)。(cannot…too)

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

【1】這事他越想越不對(duì)勁。(The more ... )

【2】只需用上幾個(gè)收納小妙招，你就能擁有雙倍的書房空間。(take)

【3】銷售主管工作雖忙，但上周末帶著太太和孩子去了郊野公園，享受自然和家庭時(shí)光。(as)

【4】危機(jī)時(shí)刻，我們要摒棄成見、同心協(xié)力，堅(jiān)信人類的勇氣、智慧和創(chuàng)造力無(wú)可限量。(there be)

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】What will the man do next?

A.Pay Laura for her ticket.

B.Buy an extra ticket for Laura.

C.Ask Laura for some suggestions.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案