【題目】 It happens from time to time that after a whole morning of studying, you are tired in the afternoon. It’s then that you might want to eat something sweet, perhaps a Coke or a chocolate bar, to lift your mood. After all it’s popularly believed that a “sugar rush” gives us energy.

But a study published in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews in April suggests that sugar can make us feel worse rather than boost our moods.

The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies involving nearly 1,300 adults. They studied the effect of sugar on various aspects of mood, including anger, alertness, depression and tiredness.

They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired and less alert within an hour and that these feelings become more intense over time.

According to the researchers, when people take in sugar their blood sugar levels rise rapidly, leading to a burst of energy and a short “feel good” period. However, as they begin to digest the sugar, their blood sugar levels decrease quickly leading to a bad feeling.

To remain on a “high” people are likely to eat more and more sugar until they become addicted to it. As with caffeine, this prevents the body from relaxing, leaving people feeling tired and less alert.

But the study findings needn’t make us think we must give up sweet food altogether. According to the World Health Organization, it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit, vegetables and milk so long as these make up less than 5 percent of daily total energy intake.

So the next time you feel tired and can’t concentrate, perhaps you should think twice before you bite into a chocolate bar. Maybe a spot of exercise at midday would be a better idea!

Tips for beating afternoon fatigue.

* Head outside and sit in the daylight for 10 minutes.

* Get into the routine of a mid-afternoon cup of tea.

* Plan group activities for midday.

* Add variety to your routine.

【1】What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.harmB.improveC.controlD.change

【2】How did the people feel after they had sugar in the study?

A.They felt more tired.B.They felt relaxed.

C.They were more alert.D.They felt energetic.

【3】What do we learn from Paragraphs 5-6?

A.Our mood is connected to our blood sugar levels.

B.Taking in more sugar benefits mental health.

C.Getting caffeine is another way to relax.

D.Sugar and caffeine are all the same.

【4】What would the author suggest people do when they are tired?

A.Give up sweet food.B.Have a bar of chocolate.

C.Do an hour of exercise.D.Eat foods with natural sugars.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】A

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。人們普遍認(rèn)為糖的輸入會(huì)帶給我們能量，比如吃巧克力和喝可樂(lè)等。一項(xiàng)研究表明，糖會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們產(chǎn)生不良的感覺(jué)，但并不是說(shuō)人們必須完全放棄甜食。合理食用水果，蔬菜和牛奶中天然存在的糖是健康的，也可以在中午進(jìn)行一點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)以及采取一些技巧來(lái)消除下午的疲勞。

【1】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“It’s then that you might want to eat something sweet, perhaps a Coke or a chocolate bar, to lift your mood.”可知，在感到疲倦后，你可能想吃點(diǎn)甜的東西，例如喝點(diǎn)可樂(lè)或吃巧克力以補(bǔ)充能量提高活力。第二段的but一詞進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)折，一項(xiàng)研究表明糖會(huì)使我們感覺(jué)更糟，因此rather than boost our moods理解為“而不是提高活力”，即boost與lift是同義詞。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知improve(提高，改善)能夠解釋boost一詞。故選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired and less alert within an hour and that these feelings become more intense over time.”可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，攝入糖分過(guò)多的人在一小時(shí)內(nèi)變得更疲勞、不再那樣機(jī)敏了。并且隨著時(shí)間的推移，這些感覺(jué)變得更加強(qiáng)烈。故選A。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段和第六段可知，根據(jù)研究人員的說(shuō)法，當(dāng)人們攝入糖分時(shí)，血糖水平迅速上升，導(dǎo)致能量爆發(fā)和使人短暫地“感覺(jué)良好”。但是，隨著他們開(kāi)始消化糖，血糖水平迅速下降，從而導(dǎo)致不好的感覺(jué)產(chǎn)生。人們?yōu)榱吮３智榫w高漲的狀態(tài)，人們可能會(huì)吃會(huì)越來(lái)越多的糖，直到他們依賴(lài)于糖。與咖啡因一樣，這會(huì)阻止身體放松，使人感到疲倦且不再那么機(jī)敏。即從第五和第六段中能夠知道人們的心情與血糖水平有關(guān)。故選A。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中的“it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit, vegetables and milk so long as these make up less than 5 percent of daily total energy intake.”可知，水果，蔬菜和牛奶中天然存在的糖是健康的，只要它們占每日總能量攝入量的5％以下即可。因此作者建議人們?cè)谄＞霑r(shí)可以吃含天然糖的食物。故選D。

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