3.Mountain regions are not just playgrounds for the richer citizens on the planet,however.The disappearing snows of Mount Kilimanjaro are a worrying sign that nowhere is safe from the adverse effects of human actions.The United Nations has identified three main areas that need to be addressed to ensure the future safety of the world's mountains.These are:the protection of mountain ecosystems,the encouragement of peace and stability in mountain regions,and assistance for mountain people to maintain their ways of life.
From the busy cities of India to the farmlands of California,more than half the world's population is dependent on mountains for their fresh water supply.Global warming,deforestation,mining and heavy farming seriously damage breakable mountain ecosystems and put vital fresh water sources at risk.
Mountain regions host a large proportion of the world's wars.From Afghanistan to the Balkans and the Andes to many parts of Africa,territorial(領土的) and drug related conflicts have damaging effects on the local environment and the lives of the local people.Fighting makes essential tasks such as farming impossible.Land mines make large areas of potential farming ground unusable.Also schools,roads,bridges and other important infrastructure(基礎設施) are left in ruins.
Mountain people are among the poorest,least represented groups on the earth.They face many hardships and each day can be,"a test of survival".Damage to mountain ecosystems worsens their situation and leaves them even more unprotected to disease and‘natural'disasters such as floods and landslides.It's been recommended that forest profit should be reinvested in mountain communities and the people living there should be given a stronger political voice.Their fate is in many ways directly connected with that of people living at sea level.
There is an old motto for visitors to the countryside which advises them to leave nothing but footprints.It is still as relevant today as it always was.Unfortunately,the size of our footprints seems to be getting larger.
68.What the writer discussed in the previous sections is most probably aboutD.
A.mountain ecosystems
B.mountain regions
C.mountain people
D.mountain sports
69.The word"adverse"(paragraph 1)is closest in meaning to"C".
A.direct
B.positive
C.harmful
D.powerful
70.Wars have directly brought the following effects EXCEPTA.
A.inadequate supply of fresh water
B.impossible farming
C.mountain people's poor living condition
D.ruined infrastructure
71.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?B
A.Mountain people have enough political voice to protect themselves.
B.Worsened ecosystems put mountain people's lives under threat
C.More money should be raised to establish mountain communities.
D.Visitors to mountains have left nothing but large footprints.
分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,屬于說明文,山區(qū)不僅僅是地球上更富裕的公民的游樂場,而是乞力馬扎羅山的雪消失是一個令人擔憂的跡象,無法避免人類行為的不利影響.聯(lián)合國確定了三個主要領域,旨在確保世界山區(qū)未來的安全.這些是:保護山區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng),鼓勵山區(qū)的和平與穩(wěn)定,協(xié)助山區(qū)人民維持生活.
解答 68.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)Mountain regions are not just playgrounds for the richer citizens on the planet,however.可知,山區(qū)不僅僅是地球上更富裕的公民的游樂場.故之前的部分應該是介紹爬山運動的.故選D.
69.C.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容The disappearing snows of Mount Kilimanjaro are a worrying sign that nowhere is safe from the adverse effects of human actions.可知句意為乞力馬扎羅山崎嶇的雪消失是一個令人擔憂的跡象,沒有人類行為的不利影響是安全的.故adverse意為不利的.故選C.
70.A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Fighting makes essential tasks such as farming impossible.Land mines make large areas of potential farming ground unusable.Also schools,roads,bridges and other important infrastructure(基礎設施) are left in ruins.可知,使不可或缺的重要項目如農(nóng)業(yè)不可能.礦山使大面積潛在耕地無法使用,還有學校,道路,橋梁等重要基礎設施被毀壞.不包括新鮮的水不充足.故選A.
71.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)Damage to mountain ecosystems worsens their situation and leaves them even more unprotected to disease and‘natural'disasters such as floods and landslides.It's been recommended that forest profit should be reinvested in mountain communities and the people living there should be given a stronger political voice.可知,惡化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)使山區(qū)人民的生命受到威脅.故選B.
點評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題,推理判斷題,詞義猜測題.做題時學生應仔細閱讀原文,把握文章主要內(nèi)容,聯(lián)系文章上下文內(nèi)容并結合所給選項含義,從中選出正確答案,一定要做到有理有據(jù),切忌胡亂猜測.