Pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserable — especially if you’re a woman, according to a new study.
The research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy. Psychologist Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can backfire. He said, “Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional exhaustion, and that’s bad for the organization.”
Dr. Scott said the research showed customer-service workers who “fake smile” throughout the day worsen their mood and then withdraw from work, so their productivity drops. He added, “Bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization, but that’s not necessarily the case.” Dr. Scott, assistant professor of management at Michigan State University, analyzed a group of bus drivers during a two- week period.
The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional displays over a period of time and compare the different effect that has on men and women. His team examined the effects of surface acting — or fake smiling — compared to what was termed “deep acting”, or cultivating(培養(yǎng)) positive emotions by recalling pleasant memories.
Dr. Scott said, “Women are harmed more by surface acting, meaning their mood worsens even more than the men and they withdraw more from work. However, they are helped more by deep acting, which means their mood improves more.”
Although “deep acting” seems to improve mood in the short-term, Dr. Scott said it’s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy.
He said, “You’re trying to cultivate positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself anymore.”
【小題1】What does the underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Have the opposite effect. B．Lead to conflict.
C．Drive people mad. D．Help a lot.
【小題2】What can we learn from the passage?
A．Surface acting is good for organizations.
B．Men benefit more from deep acting than women.
C．Fake smiling causes more harm to women than men.
D．Recalling good memories is a long-term solution to feeling down.
【小題3】The findings of the research might serve as a warning to _______.
A．employees B．employers C．researchers D．customers.
【小題4】 What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Solution to feeling unhappy
B．How to cultivate positive emotions
C．How to improve workers’ productivity
D．Fake smiling makes you miserable


【小題1】A
【小題2】C
【小題3】B
【小題4】D

解析試題分析：文章介紹一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)假笑會(huì)帶來情緒的疲勞，假笑給女性帶來的痛苦比男性多，而且假笑對(duì)組織和公司的影響是不好的，所以老板們應(yīng)該把這個(gè)研究結(jié)果當(dāng)成是警告。
【小題1】猜詞題：從后面的解釋：Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional exhaustion, and that’s bad for the organization.”假笑會(huì)帶來情緒的疲勞對(duì)組織是不好的，說明假笑對(duì)有不好的影響，backfire 和Have the opposite effect.意思相近，選A
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：The research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy.可知假笑給女性帶來的痛苦比男性多，選C
【小題3】推理題：從第二段的句子：Psychologist Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can backfire. 和第三段的句子：“Bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization, but that’s not necessarily the case.”可以看出老板應(yīng)該把這個(gè)研究當(dāng)成警告。選B
【小題4】主旨題：從第一段的句子：Pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserable — especially if you’re a woman, according to a new study.可知這篇文章講的是假笑會(huì)讓人覺得你是痛苦的，選D
考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文

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