Question

Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, "In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence". Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?
First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.
Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解決):stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.
After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution; listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.
Finally, students need consider what they are hearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid off? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.
There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, "64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves". Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,. teachers. parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.
【小題1】This article is mainly about______.

A．the lives of school children

B．the cause of arguments in schools

C．how to analyze youth violence

D．how to deal with school conflicts

【小題2】From Paragraph 2 we can learn that________ .

A．violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime

B．a(chǎn) small conflict can lead to violence

C．students tend to lose their temper easily

D．the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight

【小題3】Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?

A．To find out who to blame.

B．To get ready to buy new things.

C．To make clear what the real issue is.

D．To figure out how to stop the shouting match.

【小題4】After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that______.

A．there was a decrease in classroom violence

B．there was less student cooperation in the classroom

C．more teachers fell better about themselves in schools

D．the teacher-student relationship greatly improved

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】B
【小題3】C
【小題4】A

解析試題分析：文章主要講述了如何來(lái)避免在學(xué)校學(xué)生們沖突升級(jí)為暴力，讓學(xué)生明白，沖突不可避免但是暴力是可以避免的。同時(shí)作者提出了避免暴力的方法，呼吁學(xué)校應(yīng)進(jìn)行這方面的教育。
【小題1】主旨題。根據(jù)第一段的Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?及最后一段可知，文章主要圍繞校園沖突展開(kāi)，及如何來(lái)避免沖突的方法。故選D。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從第二段的句子A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult.及所舉得例子可以看出，一場(chǎng)暴力打斗往往是由小的沖突引起的。故選B。
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題。從第五段的句子：It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish.學(xué)生們應(yīng)該首先問(wèn)他們自己，弄清楚整個(gè)事情，故選C。
【小題4】細(xì)節(jié)題。從64% of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom可知，亞特蘭大的報(bào)告表明學(xué)生在教室里發(fā)生肢體沖突的幾率下降了，故選A。
考點(diǎn)：教育類說(shuō)明文