Yawning sends out certain messages -either “Oh，this movie is so boring” or “I probably need to get some sleep”. But did you know that a yawn can also help your brain to cool down when it is overheated?
A new study, led by a research team at Princeton University, has indicated that yawning could be the brain’s natural way of regulating temperature. People yawn more often when the temperature outdoors is lower than their body temperature but are less likely to yawn when it is hotter outdoors, according to Sciencedaily. com.
The research team did an experiment on 160 people, 80 in summer and 80 in winter, to examine how often they yawned at different air temperatures. The study found that people yawned more often in winter than in summer. Scientists say that when the air temperature is lower outside the body, there is heat exchange between the overheated brain and the cool air. But when the air temperature is higher than or equal to the body, people are less likely to yawn because the hot air they breathe in will make the brain even hotter.
When people yawn, their jaw is also stretched，which increases blood flow and may also help cool the brain
The study showed that the amount someone yawned could be related to the amount of time they spent outside. The longer they spent outside in summer, the less they yawned. Nearly 40 percent of participants yawned within their first five minutes outside, but after that the percentage was reduced to less than 10 percent.
However, the result was the opposite in winter. The number of people who yawned increased when they spent more than five minutes outdoors. But the change was only slight compared to summertime.
According to Gallup, this is the first report to show that yawning frequencies change depending on season. This could help us to understand better the way our brains work. It may also help us understand the reason why frequent yawning can sometimes be a sign of brain disease.
小題1:The purpose of the experiment is ______.
A．to find the frequency of people’s yawning
B．to indicate brain can regulate temperature naturally
C．to prove people yawn in winter and in summer equally
D．to show the real reason why people yawn
小題2:The information we get from Paragraphs 5 and 6 is that ______.
A．longer outdoor summertime results in more yawns
B．yawning frequency increases with outdoor time
C．yawning frequency changes with outdoor time
D．longer outdoor wintertime leads to fewer yawns
小題3:Acorrding to the text，people yawn more often ______.
A．when the air temperature is equal to the body
B．when the hot air breathed in makes the brain hotter
C．when the air temperature is higher than the body
D．when the air temperature is lower outside the body
小題4:What could be the best title for the text?
A．Yawning Is A Sign of Brain Disease
B．Yawning Cools Your Brain
C．Yawning Benefits Your Body
D．Yawning Carries Some Information

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:B

試題分析：文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果，人們多長時間打一次哈欠，研究表明，當(dāng)外面的溫度比身體的溫度低的時候，人們就會打哈欠。打哈欠可以讓人的大腦冷靜下來。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：The research team did an experiment on 160 people, 80 in summer and 80 in winter, to examine how often they yawned at different air temperatures. 可知這個研究的目的是看人們多長時間打一次哈欠，選A
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第五段的句子:The study showed that the amount someone yawned could be related to the amount of time they spent outside.可知人們打哈欠的時間和在戶外是時間有關(guān)，選 C
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：People yawn more often when the temperature outdoors is lower than their body temperature but are less likely to yawn when it is hotter outdoors, according to Sciencedaily. com.可知當(dāng)外面的溫度比身體的溫度低的時候，人們就會打哈欠。選D
小題4:標(biāo)題確定題：從第一段的句子：But did you know that a yawn can also help your brain to cool down when it is overheated?可知打哈欠可以讓人的大腦冷靜下來。選B
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Who do you think breaks the law in our society? If you believe that only tough guys commit crimes, you may have to think again. Unlike in the movies, we can’t divide the world into bad guys and model citizens. Real life is much more complex. In the same way that diseases range from the common cold to fatal forms of cancer, crimes vary in degree. For example, smoking in an elevator will inconvenience people, but much less than threatening them with a gun.
In addition to breaking the law themselves, people tolerate various levels of crime. Why can we tolerate some crimes? It may be that, by seeing others do something, we accept it more easily. For instance, most people will find it easier to speed on a highway when everybody else is driving over the speed limit. When people celebrate a sports championship, if they see someone breaking store windows, they might start breaking windows themselves or even steal from the store. So the people around us influence how much law-breaking we can tolerate.
We must also wonder whether seeing violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day makes us tolerate crime more than we should. We become used to seeing blood on the news on television, or in full color in newspapers and magazines. Because we see thousands of dead people on TV, maybe we just try to ignore the situation behind the violence.
If so many citizens tolerate violence and crime, or even commit crimes themselves, it may simply be because of the human mind. Our minds may not care about specific laws. Instead, our minds may have a system of values that usually prevents us from hurting other people to improve our own lives. Yet, when it comes to respecting the rights of a mass of anonymous (不知名的) individuals, we might not be so responsible. While most people would not steal a wallet containing $50, they may not mind cheating on taxes, because cheating on taxes does not hurt any one person. It hurts society, but “society” remains an abstract idea that is not as real as a neighbor or a friend’s friend.
When we realize that so many people have misunderstandings of law-breaking, it is not surprising that so many people tolerate crimes, or even break laws, including me. But how could we improve the level of honesty in our society? Would strict laws help make our society better? Probably not. Honesty will have to come from social pressure: in the family, at school, on the job, each and every one of us can encourage honesty by showing which behavior is unacceptable. And teaching respect should become everyone’s responsibility.
小題1:According to the author, “Real life is much more complex.” probably means       .
A．there is a wide range of people and crimes in the real life
B．smoking in an elevator goes against laws in the real life
C．there are much more crimes than diseases in the real life
D．some model citizens sometimes break laws in the real life
小題2:What does the author think of the people who cheat on taxes?
A．They take no notice of the human mind.
B．They break the laws unaccepted in their minds.
C．They aren’t concerned about some particular laws.
D．They hurt other people to improve their own lives.
小題3:People tolerate violence and crime because       .
A．their behavior is the same as that of most other people
B．they pay no attention to the truth behind the crimes
C．most unlawful acts are not harmful to the individual
D．they hold mistaken beliefs about law-breaking
小題4:What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To discuss whether laws are strict enough.
B．To remind people to behave with honesty.
C．To show people the importance of education.
D．To explain why many people have criminal records.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

When I was 8, a gentleman came to my orphanage(孤兒院) every week to lead us in woodworking projects. I remember the night that I finished my first project. It was a small table and I looked upon it as though I had created a life. I could        wait to give it to Mother Winters, our orphanage’s leader, as a       .
Since the tables’ coating was still       , the man asked us to wait a while before taking our tables to our dormitories. But I couldn’t wait. I dashed out the door in a       , carrying my table, smiling from ear to ear.
“It is very pretty,” Mother Winter smiled at me. When she touched the coating she noticed that it was still wet. Then she asked me why I had brought. I stood with       down. “Were you supposed to bring this home?” she asked. “No, ma’am, ” I said.
Mother Winters kicked the table over and all of the legs were        off. She made me throw the table outside. After Mother Winters left, I went out to get my little table. There was dirt all over it.        silently, I hid the ruined table in my closet. A year later I gave it to Mother Henderson, my houseparent, to       .
Thirty years later I learned Mother Henderson was living in Asheville, North Carolina, so I drove up to see her. She gently asked me to come down to her basement and help her get something       . “Do you remember that?” she asked,        into a dark corner. I did. I could not speak for fear of crying. “Roger, I want you to        it.” Mother Henderson gave me back the little        that I had given up for lost so long ago. She had kept it, never       if she would see me again.
Today, I look at the table with bittersweet memories. I think of when Mother Winters forced me to throw it away. But I am also      and joyful at the kindness of Mother Henderson, who kept it as a remembrance of a young orphan who tried very hard to       .
小題1:
A．onlyB．hardlyC．a(chǎn)lmostD．simply
小題2:
A．giftB．rewardC．workD．praise
小題3:
A．unfinishedB．dryingC．coveringD．a(chǎn)pplied
小題4:
A．wayB．whileC．circleD．hurry
小題5:
A．headB．tearsC．voiceD．hands
小題6:
A．takenB．brokenC．cutD．let
小題7:
A．ScreamingB．FreezingC．StandingD．Crying
小題8:
A．put awayB．throw awayC．take awayD．wash away
小題9:
A．properB．popularC．importantD．expensive
小題10:
A．strugglingB．divingC．slidingD．pointing
小題11:
A．layB．haveC．sellD．clear
小題12:
A．tableB．giftC．memoryD．joy
小題13:
A．promisingB．hopingC．knowingD．complaining
小題14:
A．excitedB．comfortedC．a(chǎn)mused D．entertained
小題15:
A．a(chǎn)cceptB．struggleC．tolerateD．please

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

People have been listening to music to get in the mood for hundreds of years. Recently, there is scientific research to back up what we have always known about music. The studies have shown that when people are excited or happy they are more helpful. The opposite happens when people feel aggressive(好斗的) or under stress. The use of music can influence how helpful people can be.
Dr Adrian North made a study with 256 university students. Half the group took exercise in the gymnasium listening to music which can bring happiness and the other half exercised to aggressive music. When leaving the gym, the students were asked to hand out flyers (傳單) in support of the local disabled athlete’s foundation.
The results showed that nearly half of the group that listened to happy music were willing to hand out flyers. But in the group that heard the aggressive music, less than 20% were willing. This study suggests that our choice of music can influence our willingness to cooperate(合作).
While a study also shows that productivity (生產(chǎn)效率) can increase with the right choice of background music in the workplace. As music stimulates (刺激) workers’ minds, job satisfaction is often positively influenced. Other studies have shown that workers who are in a good mood report more job satisfaction than those in a bad mood.
These studies show that music can have a powerful influence on a person’s ability to cooperate. Moods have a direct influence on cooperation and job satisfaction, etc. These factors also have a direct relationship to the success of a business.
小題1:The underlined words “back up” in the paragraph can be replaced by _____.
A．supportB．leaveC．refuseD．compare
小題2:In the studies mentioned in the passage, music is used to _____.
A．express people’s ideasB．change people’s moods
C．improve people’s healthD．show people’s love of arts
小題3:According to the passage, people who are in a good mood _____.
A．can understand the musicB．have a good taste in music
C．might do well in their workD．a(chǎn)re influenced by others
小題4:The passage is mainly about _______.
A．effort and successB．music and science
C．work and lifeD．music and mood

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Even if you are naturally shy, these three tricks will help you to quickly build a new social circle in any new city.
1. Take pictures.
One of the great things about taking pictures at an event or party is that it gives you an excuse to get in touch with the person later. Everybody loves seeing pictures of themselves, and it’s very easy after taking a picture to say “If you’d like I can email it to you”. This can be the seed that leads to new connections. The next time you hear about a fun event, email your new contacts to let them know about it.
2. Eat alone in public.
You might feel self-conscious eating by yourself but it has an important benefit: you are much easier to approach when you are alone. People may be afraid of interrupting you or being rude if you are in a conversation with someone else. Bring a book or newspaper to read (this will make you feel less self-conscious). Plus, having an interesting book with you will give others an excuse to start a conversation if they’ve read it.
3. Join a class, sports team, or club.
Yoga, salsa dancing, volleyball, Toastmasters (a public speaking club), a class for work, etc. Take up a new hobby or continue an old one!
These are all great places to meet new people, primarily because you will be forced to see the same people over and over again in the class. You will automatically make friends with them if you have a common interest and are forced to see each other again.
Tips:
* In the beginning, never turn down an invitation from someone, even if it’s something you wouldn’t normally do.
* Email your new friends with fun things to do instead of always asking what their plans are. If they have a better plan you can drop yours and join them. This will help establish you as someone who is contributing value instead of just taking it (people want this in a friend).
* Don’t let little things in life upset you or be a negative person. People don’t want to be around someone like that!
小題1:According to the text, which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of joining a class?
A．It helps you find out people who share a common interest with you.
B．It helps you find out your interest and take up a new hobby.
C．It offers an opportunity to meet the same people repeatedly.
D．It is a good way to meet new people and make friends in a new city.
小題2: Which of the following pieces of advice is a tip from the text?
A．Try to be outgoing and talkative instead of being shy.
B．Never turn down an invitation from your friends.
C．Offer suggestions on how to spend time together.
D．Always give a positive response to any request.
小題3:By writing the text, the author intends to tell us ________.
A．why you should change when you move to a new city
B．how you can make new friends in a new city
C．why you should make new friends in a new city
D．how you can keep in touch with strangers

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

This week is National Volunteer Week, a time for the Canadian Red Cross to recognize our dedicated (有奉獻(xiàn)精神的) volunteers who devote their time and talents from coast to coast. Over the course of the week we will use this blog to share stories about our volunteers and the amazing work they do --- a small part of the outstanding individuals across the country.
Take Saskatchewan for example. Last year that province was hit by wide-spread flooding, a hurricane and forest fires. Canadian Red Cross staff and volunteers went to work right away and helped more than 2,100 adults and 775 children recover the basic necessities of life.
It’s important to share stories from volunteers to truly appreciate what they do. Christine Hoffman is a Disaster Response Volunteer in Canadian Red Cross in Saskatchewan. She’s a veteran Red Crosser for about 16 years. Still nothing could have prepared her for the call she took in the Recovery Center last year in response to flooding in Maple Greek. This story is best told in her own words. This is what she said:
“I will never forget the first phone call I took in the Recovery Centre. A young man called asking what services Red Cross was offering in town. As we were talking, he told me he had a rope in his backyard but he thought he would be using it for other reasons. My heart stopped. I told him to come to see us so we could work together on a plan to improve his situation. He came in a little while later. Nearly two hours later he left standing straight up with tear- filled eyes. He thanked me for convincing him to come in. His home had been destroyed, but together we put together a plan and he was eventually able to move back into his own home.”
During National Volunteer Week 2011, let’s thank Christine, and the many other volunteers like her. Thanks for making us proud!
小題1:According to the second paragraph, Canadian Red Cross’ action is ______
A．slowB．quickC．helplessD．disappointing
小題2:Which of the following is closet in meaning to the underlined word “veteran” in the third paragraph?
A．CarelessB．ExperiencedC．UnskillfulD．Optimistic
小題3:The underlined words in the forth paragraph expressed Christine Hoffman’s feeling of ____
A．excitementB．a(chǎn)ngerC．happinessD．nervousness
小題4:What can we infer from what Christine Hoffman said?
A．The young man felt sad for Christine Hoffman because of her poor experience
B．The young man was persuaded by Christine Hoffman and decided to live on
C．Christine Hoffman made the young man sad and he cried
D．Christine Hoffman offered to give the young man a little money to help him
小題5:What is the text mainly about?
A．How to become a volunteer
B．An excellent volunteer and her family
C．Volunteers and their amazing work
D．What the Canadian Red Cross does

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical（批判性的）thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes（過程）. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
The word "critical" here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen—beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning (錯誤的推理).
Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker; if you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today's world, fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence, you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banish Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein, Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein immediately put Hoffman at ease by saying, "Please go slowly, I don't understand things quickly."
小題1:Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically,__________.
A．it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast
B．we will follow the ideas of others naturally
C．we might be controlled by other people's ideas
D．we might be fooled by other people's ideas
小題2:If you are a critical thinker, you will________.
A．criticize other people for their mistakesB．trust the reports in the newspapers
C．take one view against another viewD．think deeply about different ideas
小題3:In the last paragraph, "something new" suggests that________.
A．the smarter you are, the faster you do things
B．intelligence is not decided by speed
C．speed can improve intelligence
D．the faster you do things, the smarter you become
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Understanding Critical ThinkingB．Thinking and Critical Thinking
C．Thinking Natural and HumanD．Thinking Fast Means Intelligence

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A “blogger” is a person who writes on an Internet computer Web site called a “blog（博客）”.The word “blog” is a short way of saying Web log, or personal Web site. Anyone can start a blog, and they can write about anything they like. There are millions of blogs on the Internet today. They provide news, information，advertisements, advice and ideas for many people who read them. They contain links to other Web sites. And they provide a place for people to write about their ideas and react to the ideas of others.
A research company called Perscus has studied more than 300 Web logs. It says that blogs are most popular with teenage girls. They use them to let their friends know what is happening in their lives. The study also says that more than 100,000 bloggers stopped taking part in the activity after a year. 
However, some people develop serious blogs to present political and other ideas. For example, the Republican and Democratic parties in the southern state of Kentucky recently started their own blogs. And American companies are beginning to use blogs to advertise their products. At the same time, some long-standing blogs have ended. Last week, blogging leader Dave Winer closed his free blog service “weblogs. com”. He says the site became too costly to continue. He started the blog four years ago. And thousands of people had written on it. They are now upset because they did not know that the site was closing. One blog that is still going strong is called Rebecca’s Pocket. Rebecca Blood created the Web-site in 1999. She wrote about the history of blogs on the site. That article led to a book called “The Weblog Handbook”. It has been translated into four languages so far. Ms. Blood says Rebecea’s Pocket gets about 30,000 visitors a month. She writes about anything and everything — politics, culture and movies. She recently provided medical advice. And she wrote about how to prevent people from stealing money from on -line bank accounts.
小題1:The author wrote this passage mainly to _________.
A．introduce an Internet computer Web site called “blog”
B．introduce a short way of saying Weblog
C．tell readers how to write blogs
D．tell readers about blogs
小題2:From the passage we can learn that blogs cover almost everything EXCEPT ______.
A．a(chǎn)ccount passwordsB．medical advice
C．a(chǎn)dvertisementsD．different ideas
小題3:Dave Winer closed his “weblogs. Com” because __________.
A．more than 100,000 bloggers stopped taking part in the activity
B．American companies used blogs to advertise their products
C．people stole money from on -line bank accounts
D．He couldn’t afford the increasing money needed to run the blogs
小題4:The reason why Rebecca’s Pocket is still going strong is that ______.
A．it was created by a woman
B．it is about the history of blogs
C．it provides useful information and advice
D．it has editions in at least four different languages
小題5:What is the author’s attitude toward blog?
A．Objective B．Sceptical
C．Disapproving.D．Sympathetic.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I suppose that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention. And especially if it’s given from the heart. When people are talking, there’s no need to do anything but receive them. Listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most times caring about it is even more important than understanding it. Most of us don’t value ourselves or our love enough to know this. It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of simple saying “I’m so sorry,” when someone is in pain.
One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell her story people often interrupted to tell her that they once had something just like that happening to them. Her pain became a story about them. Eventually, she stopped talking to most people. We connect through listening. When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand, we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen, they know we care.
I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old days I used to reach for the handkerchiefs, until I realized that passing a person a handkerchief may be just another way to shut him down, to take them out of their experience of sadness. Now I just listen. When they have cried all they need to cry, they find me there with them.
This simple thing has not been that easy to learn. It certainly went against everything I had been taught since I was very young. I thought people listened only because they were too shy to speak or did not know the answer. But now I know that a loving silence often has far more power to heal than the kindest words.
小題1:What does the author value most in the communication with each other?
A．Deep understandingB．Saying “I’m Sorry”.
C．Attention from heart.D．Doing nothing.
小題2:The woman patient stopped telling her story to most people because ______.
A．She didn’t get enough respect from others
B．she was discouraged by being often interrupted
C．people often told her their own opinions
D．people couldn’t understand her sad situation
小題3: If you hand a handkerchief to someone crying, you may ______.
A．hurt his feelingsB．make him embarrassed
C．encourage him to continue to cryD．stop him from letting out his sorrow
小題4: It can be inferred from the passage that while communicating, ______.
A．listening is a perfect way to respond to others
B．people keep silent because they don’t know the answer
C．keeping silent means being too shy to speak
D．it is easy to form the habit of listening silently

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