3．The Grapes of Wrath （憤怒的葡萄） ） is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939．The book won the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for fiction shortly after its publication．It is frequently read in American high school and college literature classes due to its historical context and enduring legacy．
Set during the Great Depression，the novel focuses on the Joads，a poor family of tenant farmers （佃農(nóng)） driven from their Oklahoma home by drought，economic hardship and agricultural industry changes．Due to their nearly hopeless situation，the Joads set out for California．Along with thousands of other"Okies"，they sought jobs，land，dignity，and a future．As might be expected，the image created by the title serves as a vital symbol in the development of both the plot and the novel's greater thematic concerns：from the terrible oppression （壓迫） will come terrible wrath （憤怒） but also the liberation of workers through their cooperation，which are implied but are not stated directly within the novel．
Steinbeck wrote："I want to put a tag （標(biāo)簽） of shame on the greedy bastards （雜種） who
are responsible for this．"This work won a large following among the working class due to
Steinbeck's sympathy to the workers'movement and his accessible prose style．
At the time of publication，Steinbeck's novel"was a phenomenon on the scale of a national
event．It was publicly banned and burned by citizens，it was debated on national talk radio； but above all，it was read．"Part of its impact arose from its passionate （飽含深情的） description of the difficult situations of the poor，and in fact，many of Steinbeck's contemporaries （同代人） attacked his social and political views．Bryan Cordyack writes，"Steinbeck was attacked as a propagandist（鼓動(dòng)家） from both the left and the right of the political views．The most heated of these attacks came from the Associated Farmers of California； they were displeased with the book's description．of California farmers'attitudes and behaviors toward the migrants （季節(jié)工．They blamed the book as a'"pack of lies"．Some accused Steinbeck of exaggerating （夸大） camp （工棚） conditions to make a political point．Steinbeck had visited the camps well before publication of the novel and argued that their inhumane nature destroyed the settlers'spirit．
In 1962，the Nobel Prize committee cited Grapes of Wrath as a"great work"and as one of
the committee's main reasons for granting Steinbeck the Nobel Prize for Literature．Time
magazine and BBC respectively included the novel in their"100Best English-language Novels"．
62．Which of the following could b'e part of the plot of the novel The Grapes of Wrath？A
A．The Joads family struggled their way through the hardships and harshness of life．
B，The Joads appealed to his fellow migrants to unite in the fight against the greedy farmers．
C．The Joads openly expressed their political dreams for equal rights and better lives．
D．The Joads lived peacefully in Oklahoma farming on their own land．
63．What does the underlined word"this"in Paragraph 4refer to？A
A．The hopeless situation of the poor．
B．The liberation of workers．
C．The impacts of The Grapes of Wrath．
D．The inhuman nature of the camps．
64．As Steinbeck's contemporaries，who might have had the deepest sympathy （共鳴） with the novel？C
A．A bankers who had just gone through a bankruptcy （破產(chǎn)）．
B．A publisher who wanted to increase the business of his company．
C．A hardworking worker who had been struggling for a living．
D．A literary critic （評(píng)論家） who held the left point of political views．
65．The strength of the novel lies in the fact that itD
A．makes clear some strong political views
B．was blamed as nothing but"pack of lies"
C．was granted the Nobel Prize for Literature
D，exposes the true situation of the working class．
分析 本文主要描寫了一部名為憤怒的葡萄的小說(shuō)，這部小說(shuō)以資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條為背景，描述了貧困的佃農(nóng)一家尋求就業(yè)、土地、尊嚴(yán)和未來(lái)的艱辛歷程．這本書也引起了社會(huì)各界不同階層的人不同反響．1962年，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)認(rèn)為憤怒的葡萄是一項(xiàng)偉大的作品，并授予了Steinbeck諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，這部作品也入選"100部最佳英文小說(shuō)"．
解答 62．A本題考查邏輯推理．根據(jù)文章第二段，第二段主要講述了小說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)第二段可知，小說(shuō)主要描述了Joads一家如何的經(jīng)歷以及面對(duì)殘酷的生活的歷程．故答案為A．
63．A本題考查詞義猜測(cè)．根據(jù)文章第四段開頭，I want to put a tag of shame on the greedy bastards who are responsible for this．結(jié)合上文介紹的小說(shuō)的主要內(nèi)容，可知this主要是指對(duì)貧苦人們?cè)馐艿倪@種無(wú)望的生活處境．故答案為A．
64．C本題考查邏輯推理．根據(jù)文章第四段，This work won a large following among the working class due to Steinbeck's sympathy to the workers'movement and his accessible prose style．這部作品受到了工人階級(jí)的追捧，因此Steinbeck對(duì)于工人階級(jí)的同情以及他的容易讓人接受的散文風(fēng)格．因此掙扎謀生的工人階級(jí)最能引起共鳴．故答案為C．
65．D本題考查主旨大意．題干：這個(gè)基于現(xiàn)實(shí)的小說(shuō)的要點(diǎn)是？根據(jù)文章前四段，小說(shuō)主要是描述了經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條時(shí)期Joads一家的艱苦狀況，結(jié)合文章第四段Steinbeck寫到，I want to put a tag of shame on the greedy bastards who are responsible for this．以及下文工人階級(jí)對(duì)小說(shuō)的追捧，可知小說(shuō)主要是揭露了工人階級(jí)的生存狀況．故答案為D．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 在閱讀時(shí)要抓住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié)，分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義，對(duì)于暗含在文章中的人物的行為動(dòng)機(jī)，事件中的因果關(guān)系及作者未言明的傾向、意圖、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等要進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的判斷、推理、分析，進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)理解能力，抓住材料實(shí)質(zhì)性的東西．
