Hundreds of secondary schools are using a controversial reward scheme which “bribes” (賄賂)pupils with iPods and DVD players to turn up in classes and do homework.
Almost one million schoolchildren have been issued with supermarket-style reward cards which allow them to collect good-behavior “points” and cash them in for prizes.
Schools taking part in the “Vivo Miles” scheme are spending several thousand pounds a year in an attempt to cut truancy (逃學(xué)) and promote achievements. The prizes are ultimately funded by the taxpayer, through school budgets. Nearly 500 secondary schools, one in six, have decided to take part in the scheme, which is intended to replace old-style rewards such as stickers and golden stars.
But the extent of rewards being offered in schools brought a warning that a generation of children is growing up expecting to be rewarded at every stage. Many youngsters are collecting points for ordinary achievements such as remembering to bring their PE kit and wearing the correct uniform.
Under the scheme, teachers award Vivo points—worth 1 penny each—according to the school’s policy. Schools typically spend￡4 to￡6 on prizes per pupil each year, although some commit considerably more. Most pupils accumulate between 400 and 600 Vivos a year. Vivo Miles insists it is “pretty rare” for a pupil to accumulate enough points to buy an iPod, which requires 3,100 Vivos.
But Chris McGovern, chairman of the Campaign for Real Education, said the scheme amounted to “bribery”. “It misleads children into thinking anything which requires effort has to have a special reward,” he said. “This ‘a(chǎn)ll must have prizes’ view is damaging to children in the long-term.” The scheme amounted to an “admission of failure” by schools. He said. “It shows a school has failed to convince children education is important.”
小題1:The “Vivo Miles” scheme is aimed at ______________.
A．increasing the income of the school
B．encouraging students to perform well at school
C．inviting more students to attend the school nearby
D．encouraging parents to donate to the school
小題2:The underlined word “controversial” in the first paragraph can be replaced by __________.
A．a(chǎn)rguableB．practicalC．strangeD．mature
小題3:Those who oppose the “Vivo Miles” scheme think ______________.
A．it helps control the problem of truancy
B．it teaches children the importance of saving
C．it will mislead children about efforts and rewards
D．it’s not easy to get more than 600 Vivos a year
小題4:What’s the writer’s attitude towards the scheme?
A．Supportive.B．Opposed.C．Unconcerned.D．Objective.

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:B

試題分析：本文敘述了在英國進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)“Vivo Miles” scheme，是用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)物質(zhì)上的東西來鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，并描述了不同的人對(duì)此的不同態(tài)度。
小題1:B 推理題。根據(jù)第二段3,4行Schools taking part in the “Vivo Miles” scheme are spending several thousand pounds a year in an attempt to cut truancy (逃學(xué)) and promote achievements.說明學(xué)校用這種方法的目的是鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生在學(xué)校有更好的表現(xiàn)，能提升他們的成就，故B正確。
小題2:A 推理題。通讀全文可知對(duì)于這樣的一個(gè)計(jì)劃，有支持也有反對(duì)，所以Hundreds of secondary schools are using a controversial reward scheme指的該詞是指有爭議的。故A正確。
小題3:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段2,3行It misleads children into thinking anything which requires effort has to have a special reward,”說明他們認(rèn)為這樣的計(jì)劃會(huì)誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)于努力和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的關(guān)系，認(rèn)為自己的努力就是為了得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故C項(xiàng)正確。
小題4:D 態(tài)度意圖題。在本文中作者只是客觀的描繪了這樣的情況，并沒有方便自己的個(gè)人看法，所以他是持有一種很客觀的態(tài)度，故D項(xiàng)正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文敘述了在英國進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)“Vivo Miles” scheme，是用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)物質(zhì)上的東西來鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，并描述了不同的人對(duì)此的不同態(tài)度。本文的難點(diǎn)在于詞匯的障礙，要求考生能夠在有部分不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞的基礎(chǔ)上理解文章的大意，做合理的推測和意義的延伸，做出正確的判斷。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Want to stay away from colds? Put on a happy face.
Compared to unhappy people, those who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study. It’s possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from New York University.
“It seems that positive(積極的) feelings may reduce (減少)the danger of illness,” said the study’s chief researcher Sheldon Cohen.
In an earlier study, Cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds less often. People who showed feelings were also less likely to tell their doctors that they felt ill.
In this study, Cohen’s interviewed 193 adults every day for two weeks. During the interviews, the people told researchers about were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days.
The results showed that everyone in the study was equally(相等地) likely to get ill. Buy for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time.
Cohen believes that when people experience positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical that helps fight illness and disease. So if you are worried abut your health, look on the bright side more often.
小題1: What did the study find?
A．People who felt happy never got ill.
B．People’s feelings didn’t influence their health.
C．People with good feelings became ill more easily.
D．People with positive feelings had less serious illnesses.
小題2:According to Cohen, which of the following may help fight illness?
A．Eating.B．Crying.C．Laughing.D．Sleeping.
小題3:This passage is a/an          .
A．a(chǎn)dvertisementB．newspaper report
C．storyD．scientist’s diary
小題4:What is the best title for this passage?
A．Smiles can fight colds
B．Cause of colds found
C．The danger of colds
D．How people get sick

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes．
"Shoes convey a thin but useful slice of information about their wearers," the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality．"Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal cues with symbolic messages．People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear．"
Medical Daily notes that the number of detailed personality traits detected in the study include a person's general age, their gender, income, political affiliation, and other personality traits, including someone's emotional stability．
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone's shoes．In the study, 63 University of Kansas students looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants．Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire．
So, what do your shoes say about your personality?
Some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by extroverts（外向性格的人）．
However, some of the more specific results are intriguing．For example, "practical and functional" shoes were generally worn by more "agreeable" people, while ankle boots were more closely aligned with "aggressive" personalities．
The strangest of all may be that those who wore "uncomfortable looking" shoes tend to have "calm" personalities．
And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take exceptional care of them, you may suffer from "attachment anxiety," spending an inordinate amount of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance．
There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal types wearing "shabbier and less expensive" shoes．
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities．
小題1:We learn from the text that shoes one wears may            ．
A．be used to judge others’ personality accurately
B．show thick and useful information about one’s personality
C．convey useful information including one’s emotional stability
D．only convey some information about one’s personality
小題2:Which of the following is not true according to the text?
A．People who wear practical and functional shoes may be hard to deal with．
B．People with high incomes probably wear expensive shoes．
C．Ankle boots are closely aligned with “aggressive” personalities．
D．People wearing “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to be calm．
小題3:What can be the best title for this article?
A．Shoes and InformationB．Shoes and One’s Personality
C．Shoes One WearsD．Judging One’s Personality

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



For nearly 100 years, the heartbroken Little Mermaid has sat on a rock looking out over Copenhagen's port but now the sculpture ,based on the famous fairytale, is heading back out to sea, set for China.
The small bronze statue inspired by the tale of author Hans Christian Andersen and unveiled in 1913, is a major tourist attraction in Copenhagen. But her life has not always been easy. She has been beheaded twice, had her arm cut off, was blown off her rock in 2003 and was dressed in a Muslim headscarf two years ago in a protest - but she never left her native country.
This week she was lifted from the harbor, boxed, and shipped to Shanghai where she is the star guest in the Danish Pavilion at EXPO 2010 which runs until October 31. Details over her trip were not revealed due to security issues.
"The Little Mermaid," published in 1837, is a sad story about a mermaid who falls in love with a prince and gives up her life in the sea and her tail for legs.
The fairytale has been adapted many times into stage shows and into a Disney movie.
Copenhagen mayor Frank Jensen said in a statement that the loan of The Little Mermaid was part of a cultural exchange between Denmark and China. "I am convinced that she will be an excellent ambassador of Denmark, particularly since the Chinese already are very fond of Hans Christian Andersen and his fairytales," he said in a statement.
Her departure from Copenhagen will not leave the harbor empty. Chinese artist Ai Weiwei has created a video installation(設(shè)備/裝置)to be installed at her spot.
The Little Mermaid's 165 cm (65 inches) tall sculpture, which sits on a granite block, was created in 1913 by Edvard Eriksen.
小題1:The following statements are true EXCEPT________________.
A．the statue of The Little Mermaid will be given to China as a gift
B．the statue of The Little Mermaid is a major tourist attraction in Copenhagen
C．The Little Mermaid is a famous fairytale written by Hans Christian Andersen
D．the story of The Little Mermaid was once adapted into a Disney movie
小題2:The underlined word “departure” here means_______________.
A．escapingB．retiringC．a(chǎn)rrivingD．leaving
小題3:From the passage, we can infer that ________________.
A．Chinese artist Ai Weiwei has created another Little Mermaid instead
B．the Danish people don’t like the statue of The Little Mermaid
C．the statue of The Little Mermaid will return to Denmark in the future
D．Edvard Eriksen wrote the story of the Little Mermaid

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display. Researchers compared the life spans of elephants in European zoos with those living in Amboseli National Park in Kenya and others working on a timber enterprise in Buma. Animals in the wild or in natural working conditions had life expectancies twice than or more of their relatives in zoos.
Animal care activists have urged in recent years to discourage keeping elephants in zoos, largely because of the lack of space and small numbers of animals that can be kept in a group.
The researchers found that the median life span for African elephants in European zoos was 16.9 years, compared with 56 years for elephants who died of natural causes in Kenya’s Amboseli Park. Adding in those elephants killed by people in Africa lowered the median life expectancy there to 35.9 years. For the more endangered Asian elephants, the median life span in European zoos was 18.9 years, compared with 41.7 years for those working in the Burma Timber Enterprise. Median means half died younger than that age and half lived longer.
There is some good news, though. The life expectancies of zoo elephants have improved in recent years, suggesting an improvement in their care and raising, but “Protecting elephants in Africa and Asia is far more successful than protecting them in Western zoos.”
There are about 1,200 elephants in zoos, half in Europe, researchers concentrated on female elephants, which make up 80 percent of the zoo population. One amazing thing was that Asian elephants born in zoos had shorter life spans that those brought to the zoos from the wild.
Zoos usually lack large areas that elephants are used to in the wild, and that zoo animals often are alone or with one or two other unrelated animals, while in the wild they tend to live in related groups of 8 to 12 animals. In Asian elephants, baby death rates are two to three times higher in zoos than in the Burmese logging camps, and then, in adulthood, zoo-born animals die young. People are not sure why.
小題1:What is argued about in this passage?
A．Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild.
B．Elephants should not be on display.
C．Asian elephants are in danger.
D．Asia is far more successful in protecting elephants in zoos.
小題2:What does the underlined word “median” mean according to the passage?
A．AverageB．Longest. C．Shortest.D．Ordinary.
小題3:Which of the following is Not the disadvantage of keeping elephants in zoos?
A．Limited number of relatives.B．Lack of space.
C．Shorter life expectancy.D．Less attention.
小題4:Who are expected to pay more attention to the issue addressed?
A．Zoologists.B．Animal care activists.
C．Zoo visitors.D．The public.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It seems some people have something bad to say about Facebook, the social media website that now has attracted more than 300 million members. To them I have only this to say: Stop please!
A recent article in the Wall Street Journal blamed Facebook’s ability to ruin friendships, saying that it limits communication to typing and encourages people to spend far too much time with friends they have never met.
Having used Facebook since its first year, I find these arguments false. The simple truth is that the problems are only a symptom of Facebook abuse. Like many things, it is only as harmful to your life and relationships as you allow it to be. Consider arguments against watching too much TV and overeating.
Try using Facebook to find friends who may have long ago changed their e-mail addresses and phone numbers, to find out what your old college friends are up to, to congratulate your friends on their latest birthdays, to share pictures and articles you find interesting, and to join in the discussion about them with your friends.
Sure, I had days when I wasted a little more time on Facebook than I should, but I’m not going to blame Facebook for my own laziness. If Facebook wasn’t there, I would have found something else to waste time on. To my “friends”: if you don’t feel like broadcasting your life stories on your Facebook, don’t. If you tire of my personal updates, ignore them. If you don’t want to join in the popular online games, don’t. It is a fun tool at your fingers that can be used for both good and bad. If you don’t like using Facebook, don’t.
I am now a consultant at the Department of State. I use Facebook to keep in touch with friends, family, and colleagues who live and work all over the world.
小題1:Why did the article in the Wall Street Journal blame Facebook?
A．Because it makes people spend too much time online.
B．Because it can make people lose their real-life friends.
C．Because it is as harmful to people’s lives as watching TV.
D．Because it encourages people to make friends with strangers.
小題2:What does the author suggest using Facebook to do?
A．To find out lost e-mail addresses and phone numbers.
B．To arrange appointments with our old college friends.
C．To collect interesting pictures and articles from our friends.
D．To keep in touch with friends who we haven’t called for long.
小題3:We can imply from the passage that by using Facebook we can ____.
A．read other’s personal updates
B．write our life stories online secretly
C．decide who can read our life stories
D．refuse to join in popular online games
小題4:The author writes the last paragraph to ____.
A．prove that Facebook can be well used
B．gain support from the Department of State
C．show that Facebook is used all around the world
D．introduce how she uses Facebook in her work as a consultant

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It's 10:30 pm, and 11-year-old Brandon Blanco is sound asleep at home. Suddenly, a loud noise wakes him up. Naturally, Brandon reaches for his cell phone. The message becomes clear: "R U awake?"
Brandon' s use of technology doesn' t stop there. He also has a computer, a TV and three video-game consoles (控制臺(tái) ) in his room. With so many choices, it' s no surprise that when he isn' t at school, he spends nearly every waking minute using one or more of these devices
Brandon is hardly alone. According to a recent study by the Kaiser Family Foundation, kids aged 8 to18 are spending more time than ever before using electronic devices. How much time? More than seven and a half hours a day on average, the study found.
The jump is the result of a huge explosion in mobile devices, says Victoria Rideout, the lead author of the study. Today, nearly seven out of ten kids have cell phones. Just five years ago, it was four out of ten.
Often, kids multitask, or use more than one device at a time. " If you’ve got a chance to do something on your computer and take a phone call and have the TV on in the background, why not?" media expert Cheryl Olson says.
Most experts agree technology has much to offer kids. But some worry the kids could be missing out on other activities like playing outside or hanging out with friends. " It' s a matter of balance," says Olson." You’ve got to work on it. "
Multitasking while doing homework is another concern. Some kids listen to music, watch TV or use the phone while doing their homework. "It' s important to make sure that you can stop and concentrate on one thing deeply, " says Rideout.
With new and exciting devices hitting stores every year, keeping technology use in check is more important than ever. " Kids should try," adds Rideout. " But parents might have to step in sometimes. "
小題1:Why do children spend more time in using electronic devices?
A．Because more electronic devices are available to them.
B．Because electronic devices are more exciting than before.
C．Because they have less other activities.
D．Because they have less homework to do.
小題2:It is known from the passage that  ____.
A．Brandon Blanco feels very annoyed about his late-night text
B．the teenagers using mobile devices have increased by 30% in the past five years
C．Cheryl Olson is not surprised about kids' increasing use of mobile devices
D．most experts think teenagers should not use electronic devices for their studies
小題3:Which of the following is an example of multitasking according to the passage?
A．Watching TV while using the computer.
B．Talking on the phone while staying with others.
C．Playing video games on the Internet.
D．Listening to music while relaxing.
小題4:According to the passage, Victoria Rideout would probably agree that ____.
A．kids should do homework while surfing the Internet
B．kids should do homework in a place without disturbance
C．kids should spend more time on homework
D．kids should have more homework than before

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

"It's this time of year when the weather starts warming up and frogs start breeding - but they haven't been breeding," says John Wilkinson, research and monitoring officer at the Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust (ARC).
Amphibians (兩棲動(dòng)物) are just one of the groups of animals that nature observers fear may have problems reproducing this year, as groundwater levels are even lower now than in the infamously dry summer of 1976, according to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). According to the UK's Centre for Hydrology and Ecology the average rainfall so far this winter has been the lowest since 1972.
"If ponds dry up totally," says Mr. Wilkinson, "you could have lots of dead tadpoles." Drier and windier conditions could also make it more difficult for juvenile amphibians to survive their journeys between wet habitats.
But Peter Brotherton, the biodiversity manager for Natural England, says that "drought is part of nature's cycle", and, at present, a lot of animals, plants and insects are still in hibernation. This means that the population picture is unclear. "However, when we get extreme events, we get animals dying," he says. "And what is worrying is that normally at this time of year we expect soil to be near saturation（濕潤）after winter."
Charlie Kitchin, the RSPB's site manager of the Nene Washes in Cambridgeshire, says the 2,000-acre wetland and grassland area is now struggling following two winters with relatively little winter rain and no flooding. One species that could suffer, he says, is the black-tailed godwit（黑尾豫）. "There are only 50 breeding pairs in the country, and we have 40 of them, and everything is bone-dry," Mr Kitchin says.
But one bad nesting season, he says, is "not the end of the world". "One of the features of flood plains is that they're volatile anyway," he adds. "But if they fail to breed another year, the population is likely to dip again."
小題1:According to the passage animals may have problems reproducing this year mainly due to _____.
A．droughtB．hibernationC．windier conditionsD．extreme events
小題2:What really worries Peter Brotherton is that ________.
A．drought is part of nature’s cycleB．a(chǎn)nimals are still in hibernation
C．soil at this time is far from saturationD．the population of animals is still unclear
小題3:Which of the following is NOT true of Charlie Kitchin’s words?
A．Drought has so far continued for two winters.
B．Animals could survive one bad nesting season.
C．The black-tailed godwit is in danger of extinction.
D．40 black-tailed godwits live in the Nene Washes.
小題4:The underlined word volatile in the last paragraph can be replaced by ________.
A．losing waterB．undergoing changes
C．breeding animalsD．suffering flood
小題5:It can be learnt from the text that ______________.
A．groundwater levels this summer are lower than those of 1976
B．the average rainfall this year has been the lowest since 1972
C．windier conditions could also cause some amphibians’ death
D．flooding plays no useful role in wetlands and grasslands

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Deep in the Amazon forest, thousands of people still live in isolation from the rest of the world.
In a recent press release, the Brazilian government confirmed the existence of another isolated tribe of about 200 people living in the Vale do Javari reservation. The 200 people living in the Vale do Javari reservation. The reservation, located near the Peruvian border, is about the size of Portugal. At least another 14 isolated tribes, with a total population of about 2000, call the area home.
The newly observed group lives on four large straw-roofed buildings and grows corn, peanut and other crops.
Brazil’s National Indian Foundation (BNTF) first noticed the reservation in the forest using satellite maps, but it wasn’t until April that an airplane expedition was able to confirm the tribe’s existence. “The work of finding and protecting isolated groups is part of Brazilian public policy,” said the BNIF officer for Vale do Javari, Fabricio Amorim. “To confirm something like this takes years of hard work.”
BNIF estimates there are 68 isolated tribes living in the Amazon. The organization uses airplanes to avoid disturbing the tribes through personal contact, but that doesn’t mean others are so respectful of their right to privacy.
Illegal fishing, woodcutting and hunting bring people into the protected area. Oil exploration on the Peruvian side of the border is another threat. All kinds of criminals also invade the lands of the local groups, said Amorim. The outsiders can damage the land and influence the cultures of indigenous(土著的)peoples. They can also bring diseases which can wipe out the whole population that still lack even basic antibiotics(抗生素).
Brazil’s indigenous peoples won the legal right to their traditional lands in Brazil’s 1988 Constitution, which stated that all indigenous lands shall be divided and turned over to tribes within five years. Indigenous groups now control 11 percent of Brazil’s territory, including 22 percent of the Amazon.
Allowing indigenous groups the right homelands is not just a matter of human rights. The rest of the world can benefit from their knowledge. Mark Plotkin has spent years living with the people of the Amazon and learning from their traditional healers. In his lecture, he pointed out that many useful materials and knowledge, including numerous drugs, can be gained from listening to the indigenous groups of the Amazon. Besides this, they are also more effective at protecting the land, and less expensive, than hired rangers(護(hù)林人).
小題1:The underlined word in the first paragraph probably means “a state of            ”.
A．separationB．interaction
C．satisfactionD．excitement
小題2:From the passage we can learn that the tribes in the Amazon forest             .
A．only live on a reservation designated for them
B．prefer straw-roofed buildings to wooden ones
C．keep contact with the outside world through airplanes
D．have the legal right to the land they live on
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to Amorim?
A．Privacy violation is common among the Amazon tribes.
B．The laws dividing the lands of the tribes are far from enough.
C．Modern civilization endangers the tribes and their cultures.
D．It is hard to make public policy to protect primitive tribes.
小題4:The last paragraph is mainly about              .
A．the lost human rights of the indigenous peoples
B．the benefits of protecting the primitive tribes
C．the value of traditional healing
D．the indigenous peoples as guardians of the Amazon forest

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