Question

A new study has found that it may be possible to train people to be more intelligent, increasing the brainpower they had at birth．
Until now，it has been widely assumed that the kind of mental ability that allows us to solve new problems without having any relevant previous experience—what psychologists call fluid intelligence—is innate and cannot be taught（though people can raise their grades on tests of it by practicing）．
But in the new study，researchers describe a method for improving this skill，along with experiments to prove it works．
The key, researchers found, was carefully structured training in working memory—the kind that allows memorization of a telephone number just long enough to dial it．This type of memory is closely related to fluid intelligence，so the researchers reasoned that improving it might lead to improvements in fluid intelligence．
First they measured fluid intelligence of volunteers using standard tests．Then they trained each in a complicated memory task—the child’s card game，in which they had to recall a card they saw and heard．During the course, they needed to ignore irrelevant items, monitor ongoing performance，manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time．
The four groups experienced a half-hour of training daily for 8, 12, 17 and 19 days, respectively．To make sure they were not just improving their test-taking skills，the researchers compared them with control groups that took the tests without the training．
The results, published Monday in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，were striking．Improvement in the trained groups was a lot greater．Moreover，the longer they trained, the higher their scores were．All performers，from the weakest to the strongest，showed significant improvement．
“Our results show you can increase your intelligence with proper training．” said Dr Jaeggi, a co-author of the paper．“No one knows how long the gains will last after training stops,” he added, “and the experiment’s design did not allow the researchers to determine whether more training would continue to produce further gains．
【小題1】By writing the article，the writer intends to ______________．

A．inform the readers of a new study

B．call on people to be trained to increase intelligence

C．prove one’s born brainpower can be improved

D．tell people the improved intelligence will last forever

【小題2】The researchers thought the key to improving the intelligence was ______________．

A．memorizing telephone numbers

B．improving working memory

C．training in concentration

D．recalling a card

【小題3】The following aspects of the training help increase intelligence EXCEPT___________．

A．ignoring irrelevant items

B．monitoring ongoing performance

C．managing two tasks at the same time

D．using previous experience

【小題4】When the experiment was conducted, the researchers______________．

A．trained the four groups for the same period of time

B．only made comparisons between the four groups

C．compared the four groups with control groups

D．trained the four groups together

Answer 1

【小題1】A
【小題2】B
【小題3】D
【小題4】C

解析試題分析:一直以來人們普遍認(rèn)為在沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的前提下解決新問題的能力是天生的，不是后天通過學(xué)習(xí)訓(xùn)練得到的，盡管通過學(xué)習(xí)可以提高考試分?jǐn)?shù)。但是最近一項(xiàng)新的研究表明通過訓(xùn)練來提高人們的智商是可能的。
【小題1】A主旨大意題。文章在開頭提出一項(xiàng)新調(diào)查研究結(jié)果，然后在下文中對(duì)此進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹，由此判斷文章目的就向讀者介紹一項(xiàng)新的調(diào)查結(jié)果，選A。
【小題2】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第四段 The key, researchers found, was carefully structured training in working memory可知提高智商的關(guān)鍵是訓(xùn)練working memory，故B選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容正確。
【小題3】D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第五段內(nèi)容they needed to ignore irrelevant items, monitor ongoing performance，manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time．可以判斷D選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與訓(xùn)練無關(guān)，選D。
【小題4】C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段可知在實(shí)驗(yàn)中把四個(gè)受過訓(xùn)練的小組和沒有接受過訓(xùn)練的小組進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，選C。
考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)科學(xué)類短文閱讀。