Four decades ago a group of college students visited the mountains of Borneo to examine moth (蛾) populations. Now a team of British scientists, including a member of the original trip, has returned to the same sites to repeat the survey. They have found that, due to rising temperatures, the insects now live 68 meters higher.
Global warming is forcing tropical (熱帶的) species uphill to escape the rising temperatures at a rate of nearly 2 meters a year, the new study from Borneo suggests.
Since this was the only chance to repeat the original survey, the scientist did everything they could to do it exactly the same way, going at the same time of year, in July and August, using photographs to find the exact original sites of the moth traps.
"While this is the first study of insects, a few other studies of tropical species are starting to appear," said Thomas. "If you look across all those studies, you’ll find the same results, and it’s extremely difficult to think of any other explanation for them."
While some species might survive by finding places on the mountains with temperatures similar to those of their original habitats, others may run out of habitat on the rocky peaks, warns the study.
In a paper in the journal Naturein 2004, Thomas and 13 other experts analyzed the habitats of 1,100 species on five continents, and estimated that on average one quarter were at risk of extinction.
Last year a paper published in the Public Library of Science in the US warned that the risk of extinction in the tropics was becoming more and more serious. The authors, Jana and Steven Vamosi, estimated that 20-45% of tropical species were at risk of extinction.
小題1:If the temperature continues to rise at the same rate for ten years, the insects will live about ______.
A．6.8 meters higherB．19 meters higher
C．34 meters higherD．68 meters higher
小題2:What’s the problem for some species moving up mountains?
A．There’ll be too little space.
B．The temperature will be much too low.
C．They will be at greater risk of extinction.
D．They’ll find it hard to adapt to the environment.
小題3:We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．this survey of moths has been carried out many times
B．some scientists have put forward other explanations for the results
C．scientists tried to repeat the original survey
D．20-45% of tropical species were estimated to be at risk of extinction in 2004
小題4:Which of the following has been mainly discussed in the passage?
A．Climate change forcing moths higher.
B．Protecting moths from extinction.
C．How to research tropical moths.
D．How to study moths living on mountains.

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:A

試題分析：本文以科學(xué)家的一個實例來講述的全球變暖變化對生物的影響，導(dǎo)致生物的棲息地的越來越高。
小題1:B 計算題。根據(jù)第一段Four decades ago a group of college students visited the mountains of Borneo to examine moth (蛾) populations. Now a team of British scientists, including a member of the original trip, has returned to the same sites to repeat the survey. They have found that, due to rising temperatures, the insects now live 68 meters higher.說明40年上升了68米，那么十年大約上升了19米。故B正確。
小題2:A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段, others may run out of habitat on the rocky peaks, warns the study說明他們在山頂?shù)目臻g不夠，故A正確。
小題3:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第3段Since this was the only chance to repeat the original survey, the scientist did everything they could to do it exactly the same way, going at the same time of year, in July and August, using photographs to find the exact original sites of the moth traps.說明這次試驗中開心科學(xué)家都想模仿以前的實驗，故C項正確。
小題4:A 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段Four decades ago a group of college students visited the mountains of Borneo to examine moth (蛾) populations. Now a team of British scientists, including a member of the original trip, has returned to the same sites to repeat the survey. They have found that, due to rising temperatures, the insects now live 68 meters higher.可知正是因為氣溫的升高，讓蛾子的棲息地高了68米，故A項說法正確。
點(diǎn)評：本文以科學(xué)家的一個實例來講述的全球變暖變化對生物的影響，本文要求考生讀懂文章中的每個句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識和經(jīng)驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫作目的，讀者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問題。
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Eleven top universities are joining the Open University to launch free Internet courses. King’s College London, along with the Universities of Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff, East Anglia, Exeter, Lancaster, Leeds, Southampton, St Andrews and Warwick, has partnered with FutureLearn, a company set up by the Open University that will offer free and non-credit bearing courses to Internet-users around the world.
The courses are modeled on the US phenomenon “Massive open online courses” ( Moocs ), which have attracted millions of users around the world and are especially popular in emerging economies.
FutureLearn will improve UK institutions for international students, said Prof Martin Bean, voice-chancellor of the Open University. “At the moment, foreign students’ perception of UK Universities is: wonderful history, great tradition, really good teaching, but a bit boring.”
Leeds University says the partnership will benefit students studying on campus. “Students will have access to a rich set of resources from both Leeds and our partners. They can also broaden their education beyond their main subject areas.”
The UK higher education industry stands among the top five export earners for Britain Moocs have grown rapidly in the US over the past year, with two providers leading the field. Coursera offers courses from 33 Universities, including Princeton, Brown, Columbia and Duke, and has reached more than 1.7 million users, EdX, a nonprofit start-up from Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology courses this autumn.
Simon Nelson, one of the key architects of BBC Online, will head FutureLearn as launch CEO. “It’s really meaningful for these universities to come together –we’ll punch much harder collectively than any other university will individually,” he said.
Partner Institutions will be responsible for their own content while the OU, which has been providing distance-learning courses since 1971, will assist with course delivery and infrastructure. Details of further universities will be revealed next year, as will the courses on offer.
小題1: What does the underlined word “perception” in paragrah3 mean?
A．expectationB．viewC．dreamD．proposal
小題2: We can learn from the passage that              
A．Coursera, one of the two providers, leads the online courses in the US.
B．Economics is the most popular subject among these online courses.
C．FutureLearn is only set up for the Internet-users.
D．About 1,7million users are taking the free courses launched by UK.
小題3:What is implied in Simon’s words?
A．It’s really meaningful for these universities to cooperate.
B．Single university can’t do the work very well.
C．These universities will compete with each other.
D．Joint efforts by these top universities will help the program go more smoothly.
小題4:All of the following statements are true except             
A．Internet-users don’t need to get credit for the courses.
B．UK may top the list of online education one day.
C．The UK higher education industry stands among the top five export earners for England.
D．Some foreign students may think UK universities are not so satisfying.
小題5: In which magazine would you most likely find this passage?
A．EntertainmentB．ScienceC．EducationD．Business Week

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The forces that make Japan one of the world's most earthquake-prone（有地震傾向的） countries could become part of its long-term energy solution．
Water from deep below the ground at Japan's tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity．
Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal（地?zé)岬模?technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation．
"Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy," said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production．
The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 percent of Japan's energy needs, and increased interest in alternative energies, which account for only 8 percent．
Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs．
For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power．
The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories．Another problem is that Japan's potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden．
"We can't even dig 10cm inside national parks．" said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow．
Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, "Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project．We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term．"
The Earth Policy Institute in Washington, US, believed Japan could produce 80,000 megawatts（兆瓦）and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology．
Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 percent market share．In 2010, Fuji Electric built the world's largest geothermal factory in New Zealand．
小題1:What would be the best title for the text?
A．Alternative energies in Japan
B．World's largest geothermal plant
C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology
D．Japan thinks of geothermal energy
小題2:What percentage of Japan's energy needs is geothermal energy?
A．About 8%．B．Below 1%．C．Around 30%．D．Over 80%．
小題3:According to Shigeto Yamada, the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs ____．
A．a(chǎn) change of rulesB．financial support
C．local people's helpD．high technology
小題4:Geothermal energy is considered as a long-term program by _____．
A．Yoshiyasu TakefujiB．Hideaki Matsui
C．Shigeto YamadaD．Yoko Ono
小題5:It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that _____．
A．the world's biggest geothermal plant was built by America
B．Japan will not export its geothermal technology
C．the potential of Japan's geothermal energy is great
D．it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

[1] Many good reasons for parents to send their children to camps.
[2]When children go to camp, they are on their own, sometimes for the very first time in their lives. They have to decide what to wear, what to eat and which activities to participate in. As a result they develop confidence and independence.
[3]As self-respect develops from learning to be on their own, children continue to try new activities. Also it is possible that they will engage in what they are unfamiliar with. In school, children do not experience success in the same way. Camp can be a school without failure because just having fun makes them a success.
[4]One of the greatest benefits of a camp experience is that children develop social skills. In a camp setting, a good counselor will make sure that every camper is included in the activity and that each child interacts with the others in a positive way. They learn to give and take, and they learn how to work and cooperate. Something as simple as clean-up, is not only there to get the cabin clean, but to promote a team atmosphere of working together which in turn results in friendship.
[5]The obvious benefit of camp is that campers make long lasting friendships. These friendships can often be unique and special because campers are living with each other and see the true personalities. Children learn to see others from a different viewpoint. Children tend to be accepted for who they are and do not have to be concerned about what they wear, what they are good at and how they look. This is because in a camp setting, respect and caring finally win out over materialistic objectives. 
[6]In a word, camp does give children fun, friends and fulfillment.
小題1:What do you think may be the best title for this passage? (No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
小題2:The underlined phrase “on their own” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by ________.
(No more than one word)
____________________________________________________________________________
小題3:According to Paragraph 3, what makes camping different from a school?
(No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
小題4:What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? (No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
小題5:According to Paragraph 5, why can camping improve friendship? (No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“How can I learn English well?” This is a question many students ask. In my opinion, the most effective way is to learn lessons by heart. If you can recite the text and write it out, you’ve learned it fairly well. And if you can tell, in your own words, what the lesson says you’re a very successful learner indeed. Your English will be quite perfect.This is a difficult task. However, if you try to learn by heart only part of each lesson, you’ll find it not half so hard as you might have thought. Learning this way, you will make rapid progress. Of course, writing is also necessary. It helps you a lot on our way to success in English. Equally important is to feel the language. You should be able to laugh at jokes and be shocked at bad news. When using English, try to forget your mother tongue. Instead of helping you, your own language gets in your way. So, never try to see English through translation.
小題1:In the writer’s opinion, the most effective way in learning English is ____.
A．to practise speaking, writing and feeling it
B．to forget your own native language
C．to translate everything into his own language
D．to memorize the English words and grammatical rules
小題2:“Instead of helping you, your own language gets in your way.”This sentence means that memorizing your own language can ________.
A．help you to study English wellB．stop you mastering English
C．make English easy to learnD．help you notice mistakes
小題3:Equally important is to feel the language. “to feel the language” here means________.
A．to get a knowledge of English by touching
B．to be able to read and write English
C．to translate English into your own by imagining
D．to be able to experience the rich sensation of the language

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The main cause why some children are aggressive and are “always angry with the world ”is that they have no idea how to realize that the term “problem solving” does not necessary mean solving a math problem or an assignment. When you hear experts tell you to teach your children problem_solving skill, what they mean is to teach your kids all about emotional managing and learning to cross the stormy waters of childhood ,and eventually , life .
Parents should teach their children as early as possible how to handle certain situations . Young children easily lose their temper .When things do not go their way , it makes them angry and frustrated and they can get violent . Especially since young child have limited self control , bursting into anger is a very easy thing for them to do .
Anything can set up a child’s tantrum . For example , you and your child went to the mall . He told you that he wanted to buy a new toy , but you refused because he had already had one on his birthday. He insisted because this one was the new version . But you still refused , so he began to get angry and started screaming .
There are a few things that you can do to teach your child some problem _solving skills. First, you need to find out what the problem is . Perhaps your child is having problems identifying the cause of his frustrations . As a parent, it will not be that hard for you to know what is going on in your child’life. After he calms down, ask him quietly why he got so mad and then together , help him think why he was so angry . When your child figures out what is really making him upset , help him think of ways to solve the problem and help him look at all his reactions and evaluate the potential consequences.
小題1:who  would probably show interest in the passage ?
A, Experts      B, Teachers    C, Parents    D,Children
小題2:In paragraph 2 , the writer stresses that it is necessary for______________.
A, parents to guide their children  through troubling cases.
B, parents to solve some problems for their children
C, children to depend on their parents sometimes
D, children to manage bad situations as their parents do
小題3:In paragraph 3 the underlined word “tantrum” can be best replaced by “_________”
A, anger    B, habit    C, stress   D, aim
小題4:Which would be the best title for the passage ?
A, Taking  more care of your children.
B, Teaching  your children problem_solving skills.
C, What  are  problem_solving skills.
D, Why do your children become so  angry ?

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Children love playing games. That is a well-known fact. Kids learn how to play games at a very early age, and once they find a game they love, they can play for hours and hours. In fact, games for kids are so popular that there is an entire industry dedicated(獻(xiàn)身) to designing and selling them. There seems to be a fun game for kids for every occasion. Christmas and birthday are often celebrated with the family tradition of gifting a new game.
In recent years, however, Internet games and gaming system seem to have taken kids’ world by storm. Online games for kids have quickly become a very popular way to pass the time with small children and teens alike. Online games are a great way to have fun, and they can be quite educational as well. Many online games created for specific age groups encourage grade-appropriate development and educational skills.
Hundreds of websites offer fun and educational games to kids. Many of these sites are created by big names, such as National Geographic, which we can trust. They offer free games that parents know are proper for children. Parents are encouraged to go online and research online games proper for their children’s age before allowing their kids to play these games. Parents want to look for parental controls such as the ability to set or monitor their children’s playtime.
With so many options to choose from, parents and children will find it easy to find fun games and activities on the Internet. And nowadays, being able to use a computer is a very important skill for children to learn, so playing on the computer is definitely both educational and fun. Children are sure to learn new skills about any subject with the right, trusted website.
小題1:The industry of games for kids is fast growing probably because ________.
A．the workers are good at designing
B．children are mostly crazy about games
C．people would like to celebrate birthdays
D．kids don’t like to do their homework
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE of National Geographic Games?
A．The news is updated every day.
B．There is a large amount of information.
C．It can help parents to control kids’ playtime.
D．The games on it are good for kids’ mental and physical health.
小題3:What’s the author’s attitude to children’s playing computer games?
A．Supportive.B．Worried.C．Negative.D．Doubtful.
小題4:What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Traditional games and modern games
B．Computer games harmful to the youth
C．Games for kids changing a lot ever since
D．Internet games with fun and education

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Fish have different personalities which change as they experience life’s highs and lows．a(chǎn)ccording to British biologists．
Researchers identified different“personalities” in their fish by observing the boldness or shyness of individuals，according to The Nature．Like people，some fish are very confident in the face of novelty(新奇事物)or conflict；while others are silent and fear．
The scientists selected particularly bold and shy rainbow trout，and tested whether they changed their outlook depending on what life threw at them．They arranged some fish to fight and others to  watch to  see how both the participants  and  observers  responded to victories  and defeats．Winning or losing a fight，or even watching fellow fish overcome the difficulties influenced the future behavior of the creatures studied in the lab．
The researchers made fish compete with much larger or smaller opponents．to ensure that they would win or lose their fights．These bold fish that won their fights tended to be even bolder when later presented with  a novel food  item；losing their fight caused them to be  much more cautious．
Fish also learn by watching others．Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery object were much more nervous when later given a novelty item for themselves．
Predictably，shy fish that won a fight also gained more confidence，but surprisingly，shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food，Sneddon said，adding that this could be due to what she calls a“desperado effect”(亡命徒效應(yīng))．
The new research suggests that animals can gradually adapt their personalities．The results echo the effects that life experience can have on human．
小題1:What does．the underlined word“creatures’’probably refer to?
A．Fish．B．Participants．C．Observers．D．Researchers．
小題2:The third paragraph of the text is mainly about—————．
A．a(chǎn) conclusion of the research
B．a(chǎn)n explanation of fish characters
C．a(chǎn) statement of the experiment
D．a(chǎn) description of fish fights
小題3:What can we know from the research?
A．Bold losing fish become—e bolder when presented With a novel food item．
B．Losing their fights causes the bold fish to be much more courageous．
C．Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery get less nervous．
D．Shy fish losing fights grow more confident in exploring new food．
小題4:What’s the main idea of the text?’   
A．Fish have stress in the fierce fights．
B．Fish care about winning or losing a fight．
C．Fish have adaptable personalities．
D．Fish can learn a lot by watching others．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When I was at University I studied very hard. But a lot of my friends did very little work. Some did just enough to pass exams. Others didn’t do quite enough. Fred Baines was one of them. He spent more time playing than working in the library.
Once at the end of the term, we had to take an important test in chemistry. The test had a hundred questions. Beside each question we had to write “True” or “False”. While I was studying in my room the night before the test, Fred was watching TV. Fred usually worried a lot the night before a test. But on that night he looked perfectly calm. Thenhe told me of his plan. “It’s very simple. There are a hundred questions and I have to get fifty correct to pass the test. I’ll just toss（擲）the coin to decide the answers. That way, I’m sure I’ll get half the questions right.”
The next day, Fred came happily into the exam room. As he sat tossing a coin for half an hour he marked down his answers. Then he left, half an hour before the rest of us.
The next day, he saw the chemistry professor in the corridor. “Oh, good,” he said to the teacher, “Have you got the result of the test?” The teacher reached into his pocket and took out a coin. He threw it into the air, caught it in his hand and looked at it.
“I’m terribly sorry, Fred,” he said, “You failed!”
小題1:This story mainly wants to tell us          .
A．chemistry is really hard to learn
B．there are many questions for students to prepare.
C．good exam results really need studying hard
D．tossing a coin can not always decide the result
小題2:Fred Baines was one of those who          .
A．did just enough to pass an exam
B．didn’t work hard enough for their studies
C．had more important work to do than study
D．were quite good at passing exams
小題3:Fred came happily into the exam room because          .
A．he had got ready for the exam
B．he knew the answers already
C．one excellent student would help him
D．he had his special way to finish the exam
小題4:Which of the following about the chemistry exam is TRUE?
A．The chemisty exam was not very difficult at all.
B．It in fact took an hour to finish the chemisty exam
C．The chemisty exam had more than one hundred questions.
D．The chemisty exam needed to be done by tossing a coin.
小題5:The professor tossed a coin to tell Baines that          .
A．he was satisfied with Baines’ way for the exam
B．he wanted to make friends with Baines
C．Baines’ way for the exam would never work
D．the exam result depended on the coin

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案