It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can't fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.
Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain's temperature was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.
【小題1】The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.

A．the time is too short for doctors
B．the patients are often too nervous
C．the damage is extremely hard to fix
D．the blood-cooling machine might break down
【小題2】The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.
A．taking the blood out of the brain
B．trying the operation on monkeys first
C．having the blood go through a machine
D．lowering the brain' s temperature
【小題3】With Dr. White's new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.
A．can last as long as 30 minutes
B．can keep the brain' s blood warm
C．can keep the patient' s brain healthy
D．can help monkeys do different jobs
【小題4】What is the right order of the steps in the operation?
a. send the cooled blood back to the brain  b. stop the blood to the brain
c. have the blood cooled down           d. operate on the brain
A．a(chǎn),b,c,dB．c,a,b,d C．c, b, d, aD．b, c, d, a

  
【小題1】A
【小題2】D
【小題3】A
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：文章大意：大腦手術(shù)對醫(yī)生來說很難，因?yàn)闆]有了供血，大腦只能存活三到五分鐘。Dr. Robert White通過在猴子身上的實(shí)驗(yàn)，給醫(yī)生提供了一個(gè)好辦法。冷卻大腦，這樣大腦在沒有供血的情況下就能存活半個(gè)小時(shí)，醫(yī)生就能有更多的時(shí)間手術(shù)了。
【小題1】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can't fix the damage.可知答案選A。
【小題2】D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)文章第二段… make the brain very cold…the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.可知，主要通過冷卻大腦的方式醫(yī)生進(jìn)行大腦手術(shù)。答案選D。
【小題3】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段…the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes.很容易得出答案選A。
【小題4】B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain's temperature was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. … After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before.可以正確排序，手術(shù)的步驟為B。
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Researchers have developed new software using smart phones’GPS and imaging abilities that determine the exact location of distant objects as well as monitor the speed and direction of moving objects．The software could eventually allow smart phone-armed soldiers to target the location of their enemies．On the home front，the software could be used by everyone，including golfers judging distance to the green and biologists documenting the location of a rare animal without disturbing it．
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【小題1】From Paragraph 1 we can know that the new software can.

A．determine the speed of moving objects
B．1ocate objects in the distance exactly
C．defend soldiers against their enemies
D．help biologists protect rare animal
【小題2】The example given by Qia Wang is meant to .
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【小題3】How does the software calculate the speed of a moving object?
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B．By locating its position.
C．By taking a single image．
D．By measuring real-life size.
【小題4】What’s Qia Wang’s attitude towards the future of the software?
A．Casual． B．Optimistic． C．Cautious． D．Flexible
【小題5】What is the best title of the text?
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

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【小題1】According to the passage we know________.

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【小題3】The underlined word “sedentary” in the third paragraph probably means________.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

A board game is a game played on a pre-marked surface or “board” according to a set of rules. Board games have been played in most cultures and societies throughout history. Do you think of yourself as a bit of an expert at board games like chess or Go?
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【小題1】Which of the following games belongs to board games?

A．football B．badminton C．swimming D．Mahjong
【小題2】It can be inferred in the passage that _______.
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【小題4】The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to___________.        .
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Global warming happens when greenhouse gases trap heat and light from the sun in the earth’s atmosphere, which increases the temperature. This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows，but it can’t get back out. This is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth .The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can’t get out As a result，the temperature rises.
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Although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it，if there gets to be too many gases，the each can get unusually warmer, and many plants，animals．a(chǎn)nd people will die. Plants would die because they would not be able to take the heat .This would cause us to have less food to eat, and it would also limit the food that animals have. With less food for the animals that we need to survive we would even have less food. Gradually, people，plants，and animals would all die of hunger．
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【小題1】By the example given in Paragraph l, the author wants to__________.

A．explain how global warming happens
B．show his feeling in a car in hot summer
C．tell us cars are causes of greenhouse gases
D．say that I there are greenhouse gases in every car
【小題2】The underlined word ‘it” in Paragraph 2 refers to__________.
A．lightB．greenhouse effectC．temperatureD．heat
【小題3】What is the effect of atmosphere?
A．IT only traps the heat of the sun.
B．It does great harm to humans.
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D．It prevents all the light from the sun shining on the earth.
【小題4】What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A．lf there is greenhouse effect．a(chǎn)ll the plants will die
B．Human beings are likely to disappear from the earth
C．Crops can ′t take in the heat lf there is greenhouse effect
D．Although greenhouse effect is necessary．Too much of it will cause us to die.
【小題5】What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A．What kids can do to help stop global warming.
B．Who should be responsible for the environmental problems.
C．What global warming is doing to the environment.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Electric cars are dirty.In fact，not only are they dirty，they might even be more dirty than their gasoline­powered cousins.
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In other words，those “zero­emissions” cars are likely coal­burning cars.It’s just because the coal is burned somewhere else that it looks clean.It is not.It’s as if the California Greens are covering their eyes—“If I can’t see it，it’s not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle；a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it.But when you take that gas(or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity，you waste a nice part of that energy，mostly in the form of wasted heat—at the generator，through the transmission(傳送) lines，etc.
A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles.But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won’t get you nearly as far—so electric cars burn more fuel than gas­powered ones.If our electricity came mostly from nukes；or geothermal，or hydro，or solar，or wind，then an electric car truly would be clean.But for political，technical，and economic reasons，we don’t use much of those energy sources.
In addition，electric cars’ batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill.And finally，when cars are the polluters，the pollution is spread across all the roads.When it’s a power plant，though，all the junk is in one place.Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are too concentrated，but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.
【小題1】What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 2?

A．People see the California Greens everywhere.
B．People in California love to talk about zero­emissions vehicles.
C．People in California love to have their roofs covered with solar cells.
D．People in California have no idea that so far electricity mainly comes from burning coal，oil，etc.
【小題2】What is the main idea of the text?
A．Electric cars are not clean at all.
B．Electric cars are better than gasoline­powered ones.
C．People cast doubts on electric cars’ batteries.
D．Gasoline is an efficient way to power a vehicle.
【小題3】The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run ________.
A．not less than 25 miles
B．a(chǎn)s far as 50 miles
C．a(chǎn)s far as 25 miles
D．not more than 25 miles
【小題4】It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A．being green is good and should be encouraged in communication
B．electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning something
C．zero­emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment
D．electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with gasoline­powered cousins

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Most people know precious gemstones (寶石) by their appearances. An emerald flashes deep green, a ruby seems to hold a red fire inside, and a diamond shines like a star. It’s more difficult to tell where the gem was mined, since a diamond from Australia or Arkansas may appear the same to one from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, recently, a team of scientists has found a way to identify a gemstone’s origin.
Beneath the surface of a gemstone, on the tiny level of atoms and molecules（分子）, lie clues (線索) to its origin. At this year’s meeting of the Geological Society of America in Minneapolis, Catherine McManus reported on a technique that uses lasers (激光) to clarify these clues and identify a stone’s homeland. McManus directs scientific research at Materialytics, in Killeen, Texas. The company is developing the technique. “With enough data, we could identify which country, which mining place, even the individual mine a gemstone comes from,” McManus told Science News.
Some gemstones, including many diamonds, come from war-torn countries. Sales of those “blood minerals” may encourage violent civil wars where innocent people are injured or killed. In an effort to reduce the trade in blood minerals, the U.S. government passed law in July 2010 that requires companies that sell gemstones to determine the origins of their stones.
To figure out where gemstones come from, McManus and her team focus a powerful laser on a small sample of the gemstone. The technique is called laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Just as heat can turn ice into water or water into steam, energy from the laser changes the state of matter of the stone. The laser changes a miniscule part of the gemstone into plasma, a gas state of matter in which tiny particles（微粒）called electrons separate from atoms.
The plasma, which is superhot, produces a light pattern. (The science of analyzing this kind of light pattern is called spectroscopy.) Different elements（元素）produce different patterns, but McManus and her team say that gemstones from the same area produce similar patterns. Materialytics has already collected patterns from thousands of gemstones, including more than 200 from diamonds. They can compare the light pattern from an unknown gemstone to patterns they do know and look for a match. The light pattern acts like a signature, telling the researchers the origin of the gemstone.
In a small test, the laser technique correctly identified the origins of 95 out of every 100 diamonds. For gemstones like emeralds and rubies, the technique proved successful for 98 out of every 100 stones. The scientists need to collect and analyze more samples, including those from war-torn countries, before the tool is ready for commercial use.
Scientists like Barbara Dutrow, a mineralogist from Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, find the technique exciting. “This is a basic new tool that could provide a better fingerprint of a material from a particular locality,” she told Science News.
【小題1】We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.

A．a(chǎn)n emerald and a ruby are names of diamonds.
B．it’s not difficult to tell where the gem was mined.
C．a(chǎn)ppearances help to identify the origin of gemstones.
D．diamonds from different places may appear the same.
【小題2】Why did the U.S. government pass law that requires companies selling gemstones to determine the origins of their stones?
A．To look for more gemstones.
B．To encourage violent civil wars.
C．To reduce the trade in blood minerals.
D．To develop the economy.
【小題3】Which of the following facts most probably helps McManus and her team in identifying the origin of stones?
A．Heat can turn ice into water or water into steam.
B．Gemstones from the same area produce similar light patterns.
C．Laser can changes a miniscule part of the gemstone into plasma.
D．Materialytics has already collected patterns from thousands of gemstones.
【小題4】From the last two paragraphs, what can be inferred about the laser technique?
A．It is ready for commercial use.
B．People can use the new tool to find more gemstones.
C．It can significantly reduce the gemstones trade in blood minerals.
D．It will bring about a revolutionary change in identifying the origin of minerals.
【小題5】The author wrote this passage mainly to ________.
A．tell us how to identify the origin of diamonds.
B．introduce a laser technique in identifying a stone’s origin
C．prove identifying the origin of gemstones are difficult
D．a(chǎn)ttract our attention to reducing trade in blood minerals

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