4．The earth is the only planet that scientists think has life．Why does the earth have life while the other planets don't？For one thing，the earth is just the right temperature．As the third planetfrom the sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away．The planets which are closer to the sun are hot that their surfaces bake in the sun．The farthest planets are cold balls．
When the earth developed-which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago-many gases covered the earth．The gases caused the earth to be hot．But something wonderful happened．The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form．It rained very hard for a very long time．This gave the earth its oceans．Water made it possible for plants to grow．The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere．Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe．
Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the ear th．That planet is Mars．Mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler．But it is not too cold for humans．On some days，the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States．If you wore a special space suit，you could walk around on Mars．You would have to bring your own air to breathe，the air on Mars is too thin to breathe．
Mars has the largest volcano （火山） in the solar system．It is sixteen miles high．The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high．The most unexpected sight on Mars is dried up river beds．Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now．Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars？Scientists are not sure，but there has been no si gn so far．

29．Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life？B
A．The earth is j ust the right temperature．
B．The volcanos on earth are lower than those on Mars．
C．There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth．
D．The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun．
30．The underlined phrase"the third planet"in the first paragraph refers toC．
A．the Sun       B．the Moon         C．the Earth            D．the Mars
31．Which of the following about the Mars is NOT true？A
A．There could have been living things on Mars．
B．Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system．
C．There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars．
D．Mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler．

分析 地球適合人類生存在于它合適的溫度，科學家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)火星也比較適合人類生存．

解答 29-31 BCA
29．B 細節(jié)理解題．文中提到地球是可證實的唯一有生命存在的太陽系行星，其原因包括地球合適的溫度、距太陽距離適中和大氣里含有氧氣等．B項火山與此無關．故B正確．
30．C 詞義推測題．根據(jù)第一段中內(nèi)容及As the third planet from the sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away．可知距離太陽第三遠的行星指的是地球．故C正確．
31．A 細節(jié)理解題．文章最后一段提到火星上有干涸的河床的跡象，但這一點并不能證實火星上存在生命，因為還沒有生命跡象，故A項不正確．其他三項都與文章相符．故A正確．

點評 閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋．考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點．

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