Question

【題目】As if 2016 hadn’t been hard enough for China’s workforce, a yearly survey has revealed that more than half of the country’s white-collar employees got no year-end bonus ahead of the upcoming and costly lunar(農(nóng)歷的) New Year holiday. The survey of 11,500 workers by Chinese employment agency Zhaopin found that 50.9 per cent did not get an annual bonus at the end of 2016. Another 9.6 percent were told their bonuses had been delayed until after the New Year holiday.

Before the slowdown that began in 2014, employers in China had been less ungenerous with cash bonuses, which can total well over a full month’s pay and send employees back home for the holiday with plenty of cash for gifts to elders and other family members or to put away as savings. The impact of weak growth on year-end bonuses may have reached the highest point in 2015, however, when 66 per cent of white-collar workers received no year-end bonuses. And the 2016 level actually represents an improvement from 2014, when 61 per cent had to go without.

But that recovery has also seen the size of bonuses drop: last year the average bonus was Rmb 12,821（$1,861）, about Rmb 2,000 more than that in 2015 but still about Rmb800 below the 2014 average. More than a quarter of those surveyed who saw their bonuses drop last year blamed the drop on poor company performance.

Differences among the 34 cities surveyed were still greater, as the average bonus of over Rmb 15,800 in Beijing was more than three times than that in the lowest-paying city of Shenyang. Employees of state-owned firms also expressed more satisfaction with their bonuses than those at private companies — and little wonder, as the average bonus at the former was Rmb 17,318, or about Rmb 6,000 more than what private companies’ employees could expect.

But the impact of companies’ stinginess(吝嗇) can go beyond simply ruining employees’ New Year holiday, possibly coming back to affect employers: 39 percent of respondents said they would look for work elsewhere if their year-end bonus was not returned to normal, an increase of 2.3 Percentage points from 2015.

【1】Which is the right order of the year of year-end bonuses’ receiving percentage according to the passage?

A. 2016>2015>2014 B. 2016>2014>2015

C. 2015>2016>20I4 D. 2014>2015>2016

【2】What can we know from the passage?

A. Some employees think poor company performance is a reason for the bonus drop.

B. Small bonus differences exist in the 34 cities surveyed in China.

C. The average bonus in Shenyang is over Rmb5500.

D. Private firms’ workers can get more bonuses than those in state-owned firms.

【3】Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Bonus Differences between State-owned Firms and Private Firms

B. The Importance of Bonuses for White-collar Workers in China

C. A Hard Year for China’s White-collar Workers

D. A survey of China’s Workforce’s Year-end Bonuses

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】D

【解析】這是一篇社會(huì)新聞?lì)愇恼�。一�?xiàng)年度調(diào)查披露，中國逾半數(shù)白領(lǐng)雇員春節(jié)假期來臨前沒有領(lǐng)到年終獎(jiǎng)。調(diào)查表明經(jīng)濟(jì)增長疲軟是影響年終獎(jiǎng)發(fā)放的主要因素。同時(shí)不同產(chǎn)業(yè)和城市之間，年終獎(jiǎng)的數(shù)額也不同。國有企業(yè)員工對年終獎(jiǎng)表達(dá)了比民營企業(yè)更高的滿意度。企業(yè)在年終獎(jiǎng)上的吝嗇，不僅僅影響到員工，同時(shí)也可能造成雇工離職，反噬雇主。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“The impact of weak growth on year-end bonuses may have reached the highest point in 2015, however, when 66 per cent of white-collar workers received no year-end bonuses. And the 2016 level actually represents an improvement from 2014, when 61 per cent had to go without.”可知，2015年有66%的員工沒有收到年終獎(jiǎng)，2016年好于2014年，未收到年終獎(jiǎng)的比例是61%。故選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“More than a quarter of those surveyed who saw their bonuses drop last year blamed the drop on poor company performance.”可知，在獎(jiǎng)金縮水的被調(diào)查者中，逾四分之一的人將原因歸結(jié)為公司業(yè)績太差。故選A。

【3】標(biāo)題判斷題。由第一段的“As if 2016 hadn’t been hard enough for China’s workforce, a yearly survey has revealed that more than half of the country’s white-collar employees got no year-end bonus ahead of the upcoming and costly lunar（農(nóng)歷的）New Year holiday.”可知，文章主要講述一項(xiàng)年度調(diào)查披露，中國逾半數(shù)白領(lǐng)雇員在即將到來的農(nóng)歷春節(jié)假期來臨前沒有領(lǐng)到年終獎(jiǎng)。故D項(xiàng)“一項(xiàng)關(guān)于中國雇員的年終獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的分析”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。

選擇標(biāo)題在英語閱讀理解題中屬主旨大意題，是深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真分析主人公的特定心態(tài)、文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。通常情況下，標(biāo)題具有概括性、針對性、醒目性的特點(diǎn)。所謂概括性，就是指標(biāo)題應(yīng)在最大程度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題。針對性是對標(biāo)題外延的一種界定，標(biāo)題要直接指向文章的主要特點(diǎn)。而醒目性是為了吸引讀者的注意力，喚起讀者對文章閱讀的興趣。解答此類問題的方法之一就是尋找文章的主題段，了解文章主要論題，主題段通常在文章首段。例如小題3：縱觀全文可知，第一段是主題段，由第一段的“As if 2016 hadn’t been hard enough for China’s workforce, a yearly survey has revealed that more than half of the country’s white-collar employees got no year-end bonus ahead of the upcoming and costly lunar（農(nóng)歷的）New Year holiday.”可知，文章主要講述一項(xiàng)年度調(diào)查披露，中國逾半數(shù)白領(lǐng)雇員在即將到來的農(nóng)歷春節(jié)假期來臨前沒有領(lǐng)到年終獎(jiǎng)。故D項(xiàng)“一項(xiàng)關(guān)于中國雇員的年終獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的分析”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。