Question

【題目】Overcoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success

There’s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success. In a world where 【1】 is given for people’s accomplishments, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.

Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is 【2】 not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.

About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area --- be it creative or social skill --- is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something --- say painting or speaking foreign languages --- but this ability can be improved through 【3】 practice or training.

It’s almost impossible to think rationally (理性地) while shouting at yourself, “I’m a failure”. But when you 【4】 your thinking, you will probably see what you can control --- your behavior, your planning, your reactions --- and change them.

The primary 【5】 between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.

Success is as scary as failure. Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it --- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win 【6】, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to 【7】. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to 【8】 your objectives and how much you want them.

There is a way to distinguish whether a failure 【9】 you to double down or walk away, says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your goal, you should keep going. If what you’re doing is costing you too much time and energy or it’s not bringing you joy, you should give a second thought to the 【10】 of your goal and even set a new one.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】A

【4】H

【5】B

【6】F

【7】C

【8】I

【9】J

【10】G

【解析】

本文是一篇議論文。對失敗的恐懼可以阻止人們冒險，這可能會導(dǎo)致成功。文章論述的是“克服障礙”：如何讓你最大的失敗導(dǎo)致你的成功。

【1】考查名詞。句意：在一個把成就歸功于人的世界里，失敗是危險的。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句中缺少主語，此處用名詞作主語，結(jié)合句意可知答案為credit“信譽(yù)”，故選D。

【2】考查形容詞。句意：心理學(xué)家海蒂·格蘭特·霍爾沃森(Heidi Grant Halvorson)指出，成功很大程度上取決于個人，不是靠天分，而是靠從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)。固定詞組：be dependent on“依賴，取決于”，結(jié)合句意可知答案為dependent“獨(dú)立的”，故選E。

【3】考查形容詞。句意：而另一半則認(rèn)為，有些人可能有某種偏好，比如繪畫或說外語，但這種能力可以通過刻意的練習(xí)或訓(xùn)練來提高。此處是形容詞修飾名詞，結(jié)合句意可知答案為deliberate“刻意的，故意的”，故選A。

【4】考查動詞。句意：但是當(dāng)你改變你的想法時，你可能會看到你能控制什么——你的行為，你的計劃，你的反應(yīng)——然后改變它們。When引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中缺少謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意可知答案為shift“改變”，故選H。

【5】考查名詞。句意：成功人士和不成功人士的主要區(qū)別在于，成功人士失敗得更多。此處用名詞作主語，結(jié)合句意可知答案為distinction“差別”，故選B。

【6】考查副詞。句意：想想看---一個你總能贏的電腦游戲是無聊的；一個你偶爾可以贏得，并付出相當(dāng)努力，是有趣的。此處副詞修飾動詞，結(jié)合句意可知答案為occasionally“偶爾”，故選F。

【7】考查動詞。句意：在追求成功的過程中，失敗暴露了你需要改進(jìn)的地方。固定搭配：need to do sth.此處應(yīng)該用動詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知答案為polish“修改”，故選C。

【8】考查形容詞。句意：因此，失敗就像一堵磚墻，考驗(yàn)?zāi)闳绾闻�力�?shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，以及你有多想實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。此處表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”，介詞to后用動詞-ing形式，答案為fulfilling，故選I。

【9】考查名詞。句意：有一種方法可以辨別一個失敗是否意味著你要加倍努力。此處signal是動詞，意思是“標(biāo)志，意味著”。結(jié)合句意可知答案為signal，故選J。

【10】考查名詞。句意：如果你正在做的事情花費(fèi)了你太多的時間和精力，或者它沒有給你帶來快樂，你應(yīng)該重新考慮你的目標(biāo)的可行性，甚至設(shè)立一個新的目標(biāo)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)the ___10___ of your goal可知此處用名詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知答案為feasibility“可行性”，故選G。