Question

12．Canadian scientists have found a method to help aging people get less forgetful by improving their cognitive（認(rèn)知）abilities through well-designed training．Everyone experiences some degree of memory loss and cognitive decline as they get older．The decline usually becomes noticeable after 50，when people may find it slightly more difficult to focus on tasks，organize everyday jobs and remember how to do things in the right order．
A team of psychologists in Toronto created a strategy of cognitive training to help people preserve these abilities．"Our primary emphasis was on improving the use of general strategic abilities because they are particularly weak to the aging process，"Dr．Donald Stuss，director of the study，said in a press release．The team examined 49 healthy older adults with normal cognitive decline．All of the participants were between the ages of 71 and 87．Over the course of 12 weeks，psychologists taught them methods to improve their strategic abilities．Afterwards，researchers saw a 15 to 40 percent improvement in the memories of all participants．"Over a period of six months their improvement not only maintained，but increased，"said Dr．Gordon Winocur，coordinator of the study．The 12-week course was broken up into three four-week sections，focusing on a different skill involved in strategic abilities：memory，goal management and psychosocial function．
The memory training emphasized how to preserve and recover information，while goal management focused on methods to lower the chance of memory slips．Psychosocial training was aimed at increasing the participants'confidence in their mental abilities．
"We wanted to develop a cognitive training program that would produce improvement over a relatively short period of time，so participants could benefit more on that while they're still functional and slow down the rate of decline，"said Winocur．"If we can work with people in the early stages of cognitive decline，then we can slow down the rate of this decline and help them maintain a higher level of function for a longer period of time．"

71．What can be a suitable title for the passage？D
    A．A new way to develop a good memory．
    B．Cognitive abilities are essential to memory．
    C．Say no to the memory decline．
    D．Canadian scientists help aging people preserve memory．
72．According to the psychologists，what causes the bad memory when a man becomes old？B
    A．Forgetfulness．                      B．General strategic abilities．
    C．Goal management．                    D．Psychosocial function．
73．The underlined word"maintained"means"D"．
    A．weakened       B．changed        C．improved       D．kept
74．How many strategic abilities do the psychologists mainly focus on？B．
    A．Two．          B．Three．        C．Four．         D．Five．
75．From what Winocur said in the last paragraph，we can learn thatA．
    A．Winocur aims to help aging people suffer less from memory loss and cognitive decline
    B．the training can prevent one's memory from declining
    C．the cognitive training program has been proved successful
    D．the earlier they begin the training，the better the result will be．

Answer 1

分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀，作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了加拿大科學(xué)家已經(jīng)研究了方法幫助老年人保存記憶．

解答 71．D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第一段Canadian scientists have found a method to help aging people get less forgetful by improving their cognitive（認(rèn)知）abilities through well-designed training可知這篇文章的題目是加拿大科學(xué)家?guī)椭�老年人保存記憶；故選D．
72．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第二段"Our primary emphasis was on improving the use of general strategic abilities because they are particularly weak to the aging process"可知根據(jù)心理學(xué)家的說(shuō)法，是總體戰(zhàn)略的能力導(dǎo)致一個(gè)人變老時(shí)記憶力不好；故選B．
73．D．詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)第二段Over a period of six months their improvement not only maintained，but increased可知為期六個(gè)月的訓(xùn)練不僅需要保持，更好不斷加強(qiáng)；故選D．
74．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段The 12-week course was broken up into three four-week sections，focusing on a different skill involved in strategic abilities：memory，goal management and psychosocial function可知心理學(xué)家主要關(guān)注的戰(zhàn)略能力3種；故選B．
75．A．推理判斷題．根據(jù)最后一段If we can work with people in the early stages of cognitive decline，then we can slow down the rate of this decline and help them maintain a higher level of function for a longer period of time可知Winocur旨在幫助老年人減少患記憶喪失和認(rèn)知能力下降的幾率；故選A．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．