Question

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge(大雜燴) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday.
Among the report’s more unacceptalbe findings – a German fertilizer described itself as “earthworm friendly”; a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”.
The study was written and researched by Britain’s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumers International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.
“While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear that there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impacts they buy,” said Consumers International director, Anna Fielder.
The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain, Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.
The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗滌劑), insect sprays and some garden products. It did not test claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999. Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.
“Many products had specially designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,” said report researcher Philip Page.
“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading,” he said.
The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO,” said Page.
【小題1】According to the passage, the NCC found it unacceptable that _______.

A．a(chǎn)ll the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standards

B．the claims made by products are often unclear and deceiving

C．consumers would believe many of the manufacturers’ claims

D．few products actually prove to be environment friendly

【小題2】As indicated in this passage, with so many good claims, the consumers _______.

A．a(chǎn)re becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buy

B．a(chǎn)re still not willing to pay more for products with green labeling

C．a(chǎn)re becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environment

D．still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment

【小題3】It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to _______.

A．make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements

B．see all household products meet environmental standards

C．warn consumers of the danger of so-called green products

D．verify the effects of non-polluting products

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】A

解析試題分析：根據(jù)周五國(guó)際消費(fèi)者所發(fā)表的一個(gè)綠色標(biāo)簽的研究表明，消費(fèi)者正在被家用產(chǎn)品所做的五花八門(mén)的環(huán)保聲明所混淆和誤導(dǎo)。 對(duì)10個(gè)國(guó)家的研究調(diào)查了英國(guó)、西歐、斯堪地納維亞和美國(guó)。發(fā)現(xiàn)德國(guó)和英國(guó)所銷(xiāo)售的產(chǎn)品做的環(huán)保聲明平均最多。主要是洗滌劑、殺蟲(chóng)劑和一些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第六段的大意是：他們（the NCC）把這些標(biāo)簽上的導(dǎo)語(yǔ)和1999年9月的ISO 對(duì)比，2000多項(xiàng)產(chǎn)品所做的環(huán)保聲明許多都是太含混不清、太有誤導(dǎo)性，根本達(dá)不到ISO的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以他們認(rèn)為產(chǎn)品的標(biāo)注經(jīng)常是不清楚的，具有欺騙性。故選B。
【小題2】推理判斷題。第七段說(shuō)：許多產(chǎn)品專(zhuān)門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)了標(biāo)簽使他們似乎很環(huán)保，但是事實(shí)上，這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)毫無(wú)意義。以及The high numbers show how confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading,（高的數(shù)字表明對(duì)消費(fèi)者而言，把事實(shí)和誤導(dǎo)分清楚一定很難做到。）故選D。
【小題3】推理判斷題。 全文的最后一句話(huà)意思是：我們現(xiàn)在推動(dòng)的是使多國(guó)公司達(dá)到ISO制定的質(zhì)量認(rèn)證標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。由此判斷：消費(fèi)者國(guó)際游說(shuō)團(tuán)想使產(chǎn)品標(biāo)簽滿(mǎn)足ISO 的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。故選A。
考點(diǎn)：新聞?lì)惗涛拈喿x。