Question

(2013·高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，B)The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警覺(jué))．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝視) starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three，just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two，shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three，or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise (同樣地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

1.The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby’s________.

A．sense of hearing B．sense of sight

C．sense of touch D．sense of smell

2.Babies are sensitive to the change in________.

A．the size of cards B．the colour of pictures

C．the shape of patterns D．the number of objects

3.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B．To see how babies recognize sounds.

C．To carry their experiment further.

D．To keep the babies’ interest.

4.Where does this text probably come from?

A．Science fiction.

B．Children’s literature.

C．An advertisement.

D．A science report.

 

Answer 1

1.B

2.D

3.C

4.D

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了研究人員通過(guò)一些卡片上黑點(diǎn)的數(shù)量來(lái)檢驗(yàn)嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)量變化的敏感程度，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)數(shù)量相對(duì)多的時(shí)候，比較容易引起嬰兒的注意，使他們變得更加興奮。

1.

2.2】解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝視)starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns...可知，隨著卡片上黑點(diǎn)數(shù)量的變化，嬰兒的注視也發(fā)生變化，表明了嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)量的變化比較敏感。A項(xiàng)size指卡片的大��；B項(xiàng)指圖畫(huà)的顏色；C項(xiàng)指結(jié)構(gòu)的形狀，這些與原文的信息不一致。

3.3】解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段中研究人員先是通過(guò)卡片上的黑點(diǎn)來(lái)測(cè)驗(yàn)嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)量的變化的敏感程度；根據(jù)第二段中的The effect even crosses between senses...three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同樣地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.可知，研究人員又做了擊鼓的實(shí)驗(yàn)，這樣做的目的是更加深入地研究嬰兒對(duì)于數(shù)量變化的敏感程度，故選C。A項(xiàng)“減少實(shí)驗(yàn)的難度”；B項(xiàng)“看看嬰兒怎樣辨別聲音”；D項(xiàng)“保持嬰兒的興趣”，在文中均找不到支持信息。

4.4】解析：選D。文章出處題。本文提到了experiment和researchers等，可知是一些研究人員做了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，來(lái)檢驗(yàn)嬰兒們對(duì)于數(shù)量的變化是不是敏感，所以本文屬于一個(gè)科學(xué)研究報(bào)告，因此選D。A項(xiàng)表示“科幻小說(shuō)”；B項(xiàng)表示“兒童文學(xué)”；C項(xiàng)表示“一則廣告”，均與本文的內(nèi)容不符。