Question

Anyone who doubts if children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their first efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often tied to their children's success, it can be a painful experience.
Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesn't suffer from a learning disability, or isn't involved in some family crisis(危機(jī)) at home, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or classmate pressure.“Everything is within the kids' control；their intelligence is changeable,”says Lisa Blackwell, a research scientist at Columbia University. More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says,“Parents can play a key role in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort and progress rather than emphasizing their “smartness” or praising high performance alone. Most of all, parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”
Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids.“These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who aren't considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,” says Jeff Howard, a social psychologist. Howard and other educators say it's important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extra­curricular activities.
“The problem of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambition,”says Michael Nakkual, a Harvard education professor. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to free them of the idea that class work is irrelevant, and to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. They need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.
【小題1】According to the passage, the parents of kids with no ambition ________.

A．don't do a very good job on teaching them to walk

B．a(chǎn)re to blame if the kids do poorly in school

C．feel pain because their own ambition is connected to their kids' success

D．should take part in extra­curricular activities with kids

【小題2】 The underlined part “the fire went out” probably means ________.

A．the motivation was suddenly lost

B．the fear of failure was suddenly gone

C．the learning disability was suddenly lost

D．the fire was suddenly gone

【小題3】All the following can contribute to a sudden lack of ambition EXCEPT ________.

A．learning disability	B．classmate pressure
C．emphasis on testing	D．extra­curricular activities

【小題4】What is the most important thing for parents in motivating their kids?

A．Punishing kids who don't display ambition.

B．Emphasizing smartness and high performance.

C．Telling kids that mistakes are a part of learning.

D．Praising the effort and progress they have made.

Answer 1

【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：文章介紹了孩子目標(biāo)缺失對家長的影響，分析了孩子缺乏目標(biāo)的原因和怎么樹立孩子的目標(biāo)。
【小題1】C 推斷題。根據(jù)第一段For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often tied to their children's success, it can be a painful experience.可知，在有目標(biāo)的孩子家長的帶領(lǐng)下，孩子通常表現(xiàn)得非常好。相比之下，沒有目標(biāo)的孩子家長通常會感到很痛苦因?yàn)樽约旱哪繕?biāo)總是與孩子的成功緊密相連，故C選項(xiàng)正確
【小題2】A 推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子，Assuming that a kid doesn't suffer from a learning disability, or isn't involved in some family crisis(危機(jī)) at home, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or classmate pressure. 可知此處的the fire went out(火熄滅）指的是目標(biāo)突然缺失的情況 故A正確
【小題3】D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子：Assuming that a kid doesn't suffer from a learning disability, or isn't involved in some family crisis(危機(jī)) at home, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or classmate pressure.“可知AB是對的，從第三段的句子：Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids.可知C是對的，但是全文并未提及參加課外活動會導(dǎo)致目標(biāo)突然喪失，故D選項(xiàng)正確
【小題4】C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段的描述Most of all, parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”可知，家長最重要的是應(yīng)告訴孩子錯誤也是學(xué)習(xí)的一部分少，故C正確
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