15.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下面畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分.
As is known by all,with the improvement of people's living standards,cars have become a popular means of transport,bring great convenience to our life.However,they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jam.
How can we solve these problems then?As far as I am concerning,riding bicycles is a good solution.For one thing,bicycles don't need any petrol but they are energy-saving.For another,bicycles are environmental friendly because of they won't give off waste gas.Besides,riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our healthy.
As result,let's take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles.Come on and join them.

分析 本文作者就汽車引發(fā)的空氣污染以及交通擁堵問(wèn)題,提出了自己的解決方案(即騎自行車出行),并呼吁人們都加入到該行列中來(lái).

解答 As is known by all,with the improvement of people's living standards,
cars have become a popular means of transport,bring great convenience 
to our life.However,they have also caused some problems such as air 
pollution and traffic jam
How can we solve these problems then?As far as I am concerning,riding 
bicycles is a good solution.For one thing,bicycles don't need any petrol 
but they are energy-saving.For another,bicycles are environmental friendly 
because of they won't give off waste gas.Besides,riding bicycles is a good way 
for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our healthy
As∧result,let's take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding 
bicycles.Come on and join them
詳解:
1.by改為to   考查固定表達(dá)    As is known to all 意為:眾所周知;故to.
2.bring改為bringing    考查現(xiàn)在分詞   此處在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ),由于動(dòng)詞bring與其邏輯主語(yǔ)cars是主謂關(guān)系,故用bringing.
3.jam改為jams   考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)   此處指的是各種交通擁堵現(xiàn)象,故用復(fù)數(shù)名詞jams.
4.concerning改為concerned  考查固定表達(dá)   as far as I am concerned:據(jù)我所知,就我而言;故用concerned.
5.but 改為and  考查句意理解以及連詞    本句的意思是:自行車不需要汽油,它們很節(jié)能;此處表示并列關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系;故用but.
6.environmental改為environmentally   考查副詞   此處用來(lái)修飾形容詞friendly,故用副詞environmentally;environmentally friendly意為:對(duì)環(huán)境友善的,有利于保護(hù)環(huán)境的.
7.去掉because之后的of    考查復(fù)合介詞because of與連詞because的區(qū)別   because 是連詞,其后接句子;because of 是復(fù)合介詞,其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、what 從句等;由于此處接的是一個(gè)句子,故去掉because之后的of.  
8.healthy改為health    考查名詞    此處用在形容詞性的物主代詞our之后,在句中作介詞to的賓語(yǔ),故用名詞health.
9.result之前加a    考查固定短語(yǔ)   as a result  意為:因此,結(jié)果是;故在result之前加a.
10.them改為us    考查人稱代詞的一致性     此處在句中作賓語(yǔ),指代的是我們.故用us.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語(yǔ)法知識(shí)與語(yǔ)言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)篇三要素的把握能力.錯(cuò)誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞.常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤有:1 詞法錯(cuò)誤,主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時(shí),需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見(jiàn)句法錯(cuò)誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問(wèn)句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤.解答此類試題時(shí),需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下,進(jìn)行作答.

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