17.There are nearly 400different types of sharks,but only about 30types are known to have attacked human beings.Many people know that(46)the most dangerous shark is the great white shark,probably because they have(47)seen(see) the film Jaws.However,two other sharks are also rather dangerous:the tiger shark and the bull shark.
Contrary to what many people might assume,evidence shows that sharks seldom attack humans.There (48)arethree types of shark attacks.In the main type,the shark(49)attacks (attack) you because it mistakes you for a fish,but when it tastes human flesh it decides to give up and swims away.In the second type,the shark pushes you with(50)its(it) nose to find out if you are fit to be eaten,and then bites you if it thinks you are.In the third type,the shark waits(51)for you to swim by,and then attacks you suddenly.The last two types of attack more often result in the death of humans.
To reduce the risk of a shark attack,you should follow these(52)suggestions(suggestion).
•Do not swim in the dark.Sharks can still see you but you cannot see them.
•Do not go (53)swimming(swim) in the ocean if you have a fresh wound.Sharks can smell blood over a long distance.
•Do(54)not wear bright clothing or jewellery,because sharks are attracted to the flash of colours and bright objects.
•Stay in groups,as sharks (55)usually(usual)avoid large numbers of people.

分析 本文作者主要介紹了鯊魚的種類,最危險的鯊魚以及三種對人類有攻擊性的鯊魚,并向人們提出了一些如何才能減少或避免受到鯊魚攻擊的建議.

解答 答案:
46 the   考查定冠詞    此處用來構(gòu)成形容詞dangerous 的最高級形式,故在most前加the.
47 seen   考查時態(tài)    此處用在助動詞have之后,表達(dá)的是過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,即(可能是因?yàn)椋┧麄円呀?jīng)看過電影《大白鯊》,此處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時;故用seen.
48  are   考查時態(tài)及主謂一致     根據(jù)上下文都使用了一般現(xiàn)在時可知,此處講述的是鯊魚目前的狀況;由于此處用在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中,并且句中的主語three types of shark attacks表達(dá)的是復(fù)數(shù)意義,故用are.
49 attacks  考查時態(tài)    此處用在主句中作謂語,根據(jù)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句使用了一般現(xiàn)在時可知,此處也應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時;由于主語the shark為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故用attacks.
50 its  考查形容詞性的物主代詞   此處用來修飾名詞 nose,指代的是鯊魚的(鼻子);故用its.
51 for   考查固定搭配    wait for 意為:等待,故用for.
52 suggestions  考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)  根據(jù)前面的修飾語 these可知,此處指的是:這些建議,由于suggestion是可數(shù)名詞,故用suggestions.
 53 swimming  考查固定詞組    go swimming;去游泳;故用swimming.
54 not   考查句意理解以及祈使句的否定形式    本句的意思是:不要穿鮮艷的衣服或戴珠寶首飾,因?yàn)轷忯~會被閃光的顏色和明亮的物體所吸引;此處表達(dá)的是否定的意思,故在Do后加not.
55 usually  考查頻度副詞    此處用在實(shí)義動詞avoid之前,意為:通常;故用頻度副詞usually.

點(diǎn)評 本題主要考查了各種語法在短文中的具體運(yùn)用.做本題時,需要在正確理解短文的前提下,逐句分析句意以及所考查到的語法現(xiàn)象;因此在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中,應(yīng)熟練掌握各種語法知識,其中包括詞法,句法,各種時態(tài)語態(tài)以及虛擬語氣等.

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