The modern Olympic Games, founded in 1896, began as contests between individuals, rather than among nations, with the hope of promoting world peace through sportsmanship. In the beginning, the games were open only to amateurs. An amateur is a person whose involvement in an activity---from sports to science or the arts---is purely for pleasure. Amateurs, whatever their contributions to a field, expect to receive no form of compensation ; professionals, in contrast, perform their work in order to earn a living.
From the perspective of many athletes, however, the Olympic playing field has been far from level. Restricting the Olympics to amateurs has precluded（妨礙） the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid. Countries have always desired to send their best athletes, not their wealthiest ones, to the Olympic Games.
A slender and imprecise line separates what we call “financial support” from “earning money.” Do athletes “earn money” if they are reimbursed（補(bǔ)償） for travel expenses? What if they are paid for time lost at work or if they accept free clothing from a manufacturer or if they teach sports for a living? The runner Eric Liddell was the son of poor missionaries; in 1924 the British Olympic Committee financed his trip to the Olympics, where he won a gold and a bronze medal. College scholarships and support from the United States Olympic Committee made it possible for American track stars Jesse Owens and Wilma Rudolph and speed skater Dan Jansen to train and compete. When the Soviet Union and its allies joined the games in 1952, the definition of amateur became still muddier. Their athletes did not have to balance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs.
In 1971 the International Olympic Committee(IOC) removed the word amateur from the rules, making it easier for athletes to find the support necessary to train and compete. In 1986 the IOC allowed professional athletes into the games.
There are those who regret the disappearance of amateurism from the Olympic Games. For them the games lost something special when they became just another way for athletes to earn money. Others say that the designation of amateurism was always questionable; they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals. Most agree, however, that the debate over what constitutes an “amateur” will continue for a long time.
小題1: One might infer that _______________________.
A．developing Olympic-level skills in athletes is costly
B．professional athletes are mostly interested in financial rewards
C．a(chǎn)mateurs does not expect to earn money at the sport that is played
D．a(chǎn)mateurs have a better attitude than professionals do
小題2: The statement “the Olympic playing field has been far from level” means that__________.
A．the ground the athletes played on was in bad condition
B．the poorer players were given some advantages
C．the rules did not work the same way for everyone
D．a(chǎn)mateurs were inferior to the professionals in many ways
小題3: The financial support given to athletes by the Soviet government can best be compared to ________________.
A．a(chǎn) gift received on a special occasion, such as a birthday
B．money received from a winning lottery ticket
C．a(chǎn)n allowance paid to a child
D．money from charity organization
小題4: One can conclude that the Olympic Organizing Committee _________________.
A．has held firm to its original vision of the Olympic games
B．has struggled with the definition of amateur over the years
C．regards itself as an organization for professional athletes only
D．did nothing but stop allowing communists to participate

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:C
小題4:B

試題分析：本文敘述了奧運(yùn)會(huì)的歷史，最初，奧運(yùn)會(huì)是由業(yè)余愛(ài)好者參加的，他們不需要給錢，只是為了娛樂(lè)，到后來(lái)為了通過(guò)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)推進(jìn)世界和平，才有了各國(guó)派出的專業(yè)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加的奧運(yùn)會(huì)。
小題1:推理判斷題。根據(jù)they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals. 可以推出培養(yǎng)一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員花費(fèi)是很大的，故選A。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Restricting the Olympics to amateurs has precluded（妨礙） the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid.故選C。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Their athletes did not have to balance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs.所以蘇維埃政府給運(yùn)動(dòng)員的錢就像給孩子的零花錢，故選C。
小題4:推理判斷題。根據(jù)Most agree, however, that the debate over what constitutes an “amateur” will continue for a long time.故選B。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包括判斷和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了做出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。該題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意思和深層意思，也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知信息，推斷出作者沒(méi)有直接表達(dá)的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Americans have always been interested in their Presidents' wives. Many First Ladies have been remembered because of the ways they have influenced their husbands. Other First Ladies have made the history books on their own.
At least two First Ladies, Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson, made it their business to send signals during their husbands speeches. When Lady Bird Johnson thought her husband was talking too long, she wrote a note and sent it up to the platform. It read, "It's time to stop ! " And he did.  Once Bess Truman didn't like what  her husband was saying on television, so she phoned him and said, "If you can't talk more politely than that in public, you come right home. "
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Shortly after President Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke (中風(fēng)),  Edith Wilson unofficially took over most of the duties of the Presidency until the end of her husband's term  Earlier, during World War I, Mrs.  Wilson had sheep brought onto the White House lawn to eat t e grass. The sheep not only kept the lawn cut. but provided wool for an auction(拍賣) held by the First Lady.  Almost$ 100,000 was raised for the Red Cross.
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小題1:Why have First Ladies been remembered?
A．They are the wives of the presidents.
B．They are made up of history books.
C．Americans are interested in them.
D．They have an effect on their husbands.
小題2:The examples mentioned in Paragraph 2 show that
A. the two wives did business without their husbands
B. the two wives influenced the presidents' speeches
C. the two wives didn't like their husbands to make speeches
D the presidents' speeches were often interrupted by their wives.
小題3:Who did the most meaningful work among the first ladies?
A．Lady Bird Johnson.
B．Mrs. Wilson.
C．Eleanor Roosevelt.
D．Helen Taft
小題4:Which of the following is considered a strange thing the First Lady did?
A. Raise sheep on the White House lawn to get money for the Red Cross.
B. Take over most of the duties throughout their husbands' Presidency.
C. Plant the cherry trees in Washington, D. C. to attract more visitors
D. Persuade the men staff in the White House to shave off their beards.
小題5:How many First Ladies are mentioned in this passage?
A．3B．4.
C．5D．6.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place. Around 1870, it was experiencing an economic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的)boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people. Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs. These jobs didn′t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known an the tango(探戈舞)came into being
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes. It was danced in the bars and streets. At that time there many fewer women than men, so if a man didn′t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women. Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.
In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning
The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris. Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞)to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters of the Paris theaters. After tango dances from Argentina arrive in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public an they performed their exiting dance in cafes, Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.
The popularity（流行）Of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America, It reached Japan in 1926, and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act an a kind of dance ambassador, and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.
小題1:The origin of the tango is associated with
A Belly dances B. American soldiers
C. Spanish city D. the capital of Argentina
小題2: Which of the following is true about the tango?
A．It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.
B．People of the upper classes loved the tango most
C．It was often danced by two male in the beginning
D．A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.
小題3:Before World War I, the tango spread to 
A．AmericaB．Japan
C．FranceD．South Korea
小題4:What can be the best title for the text?
A．How to Dance the TangoB．The History of the Tango
C．How to Promote the TangoD．The Modern Tango Boom

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The air bag is a piece of safety equipment in cars. It was first designed by John W. Hetrick in 1952. Like many inventions, he came up with the idea as a result of an event that had occurred in his life. He says:
“In the spring of 1952, my wife, my seven-year-old daughter, Joan, and I were out for a Sunday drive in our 1948 Chrysler Windsor. About three miles outside Newport we were watching for deer jumping across the road. Suddenly, there was a large rock in our path. I hit the brakes and we went into a ditch(壕溝).
“As I applied the brakes, both my wife and I threw our hands up to keep our daughter from hitting the car. There was soft mud in the ditch, so the car wasn’t damaged, and no one was hurt.”
“During the ride home I couldn’t stop thinking about the accident. I asked myself,‘Why couldn’t some object come out to stop you from striking the inside of the car?’As soon as I got home that night I drew some sketches(草圖). Each evening for the following two weeks, I’d add or reduce something from the sketches.”
Hetrick applied an event he had observed while in the Navy to the design of the air bag. He was repairing a torpedo(魚(yú)雷) which had a cloth covering. When the compressed（壓縮的） air that was in the torpedo was let out, the covering was suddenly filled with air and was shot to the ceiling.
With this knowledge, he developed his design until he was able to obtain a patent on the invention on August 5, 1952. The idea was similar to the air bag designs of today. Compressed air is stored in a container and when a traffic accident occurs and the car slows down at a rapid enough rate, the air will be released into the air bag. The idea was ingenious, but Hetrick’s air bag never would have functioned properly. It was really a breakthrough, but it would require years and years of designing and testing by some top car designers before it could be used.
小題1:The car accident Hetrick was involved in ________.
A．damaged his carB．happened in 1948
C．was caused by a deerD．caused no harm to his family
小題2:Hetrick’s experience in the Navy________.
A．turned out to be dangerousB．was helpful to his invention
C．involved designing torpedoesD．inspired him to design an air bag
小題3:The underlined word “ingenious” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
A．creativeB．ridiculousC．crazyD．complex
小題4:What do we know about the air bag Hetrick designed?
A．It came into use in the 1950s.B．It performed perfectly in car accidents.
C．It prepared the way for air bags nowadays.D．It took Hetrick about two months to develop it.
小題5:The text is mainly about ____.
A．the great inventor HetrickB．The invention of air bags
C．a(chǎn) terrible car accidentD．road safety in the 1950s

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The French Revolution broke out in 1789. At the time France was in a crisis. The government was badly run and people's lives were miserable. King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament and raise more taxes. But his effort failed. He ordered his troops to Versailles. The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force. On July 14, 1789, they stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept. Ever since that day, July 14 has been the French National Day. Louis tried to flee the country in 1792, to get support from Austria and Prussia. However, he was caught and put in prison. In September 1792, the monarchy(君主制) was abolished_. In the same year, Louis was executed. A few months later his wife, Marie also had her head cut off. The Revolution of France had frightened the other kings of Europe. Armies from Austria and Prussia began to march against France. The French raised republican armies to defend the nation. The Revolution went through a period of terror. Thousands of people lost their lives. In the end, power passed to Napoleon Bonaparte.
小題1:What's this passage about?
A．France.　B．King Louis.
C．The French Revolution.D．Europe.
小題2:Which did not happen in 1789?
A．The French Revolution broke out.
B．The national economy was developing rapidly.
C．The government wasn't well run.
D．King Louis XIV was in power.
小題3: What does the underlined word "abolished" mean?
A．Put off.
B．Established.
C．United.
D．Ended.
小題4:What was NOT the effect of the Revolution?
A．July 14 has become the French National Day.
B．It brought some impact on the other European kings.
C．Louis's wife, Marie was killed.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Medalists of the 1948 London Olympic Games look back on their summer of victory.
SAMMY Lee, 91, U.S.
GOLD AND BRONZE, DIVING
I first had my Olympic dream at 12, when they held the 1932 Olympics in Los Angeles. My father and I were at a grocery store, and I asked, “What are all the flags doing here?” He said, “We are having the Olympic Games. That’s where they honor the greatest athletes in the world.” I said, “Papa, someday I’m going to be an Olympic champ.”
Walking up the 10-meter platform, I thought to myself, “I’ve waited 16 years for this moment. Am I going to win?” So I prayed to God that I was most deserving of winning the Games.
DAVID BOND, 90, BRITAIN
GOLD, SAILING
During the war, I spent six years in Royal Air Force. I think in general, the 1948 Olympics meant very little to most people. We were too busy after the war to be worried about sport very much anyway.
Our team had about six weeks before the Olympics down at Torquay and we went out sailing every day.
Winning gold was quite something. It was nice to stand on the platform with lots of people cheering. We celebrated by going to a big dance.
MICHAEL LAPAGE, 88, BRITAIN
SILVER, ROWING
I started rowing when I was 14. I joined the navy in 1942. In 1945 the war came to an end and I started rowing again.
In 1948 we were still on rations (配給供應(yīng)): 4 oz. of red meat a week. But the United States had all the meat they wanted. They were the favorites to win.
On the day of the final, we led the Americans at the start, but their stronger staying power took them through to win. There were no ribbons on the medals, so we just showed them round the family.
THOMAS GODWIN, 91, BRITAIN
BRONZE, CYCLING
At 14 I left school and got a job delivering groceries on a bicycle, which excited my interest in cycling. When the war broke out, I volunteered but was held back, so I continued riding.
After my team won our bronze medals, we went home just round the corner and had a sit-down and a chat and a laugh. It was a different world. Money was never, never thought about.
小題1: According to the passage, Sammy Lee ___________.
A．was 28 when he attended the 1948 Olympics
B．never thought he could win medals in diving
C．found that he has a talent for sports at age 12
D．prepared for the 1948 Olympics for 16 years
小題2: Michael Lapage blamed his team’s loss of the gold medal on their ___________.
A．weak willB．poor skill
C．poor nutritionD．hurried preparation
小題3: What did David Bond and Thomas Godwin have in common?
A．They both took part in a team event.
B．A lot of money was awarded to them.
C．The 1948 Olympics meant little to them.
D．They both served in the army during World War II.
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Long-lived medalistsB．The 1948 Olympics
C．Famous athletesD．Great in 1948

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The Beginning of the Civil Rights Movement
In 1955，bus seats for African Americans and whites were separated in parts of the U．S.. On December 1,1955，in the city of Montgomery，Alabama，a conflict，or disagreement，started when an African American woman named Rosa Parks refused to give her bus seat to a white man and go to the back of the bus. The police took 42­year­old Parks to jail.
The African American community was extremely angry. They had a meeting and decided to work together to protest discrimination. They agreed to boycott(抵制) the buses on the day that Parks went to court. The day was a success. Empty buses drove through the streets. The city lost money. The community decided to continue the boycott. They elected a man named Martin Luther King，Jr. to be the leader.
The boycott continued. It was difficult for African Americans to get to work without buses，but they didn’t stop the boycott. The city continued to lose money. Finally，the U．S. Supreme Court decided that Montgomery’s bus laws were unfair and gave the African American community equal right. On December 21,1956，the bus boycott ended.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement. The movement eventually led to the Civil Rights Act in 1964，a set of laws that made discrimination a crime. During the Montgomery Bus Boycott，people worked together to change the government. Today，people in the U．S. continue to work together for a change. Now hundreds of organizations and community groups work to protect the rights of U．S. citizens and residents.
小題1:How is the situation for the black in the U．S. in 1955?
A．They were treated equally.
B．They were treated unfairly.
C．They had no rights to take a bus.
D．They were not allowed to take the same bus with the white.
小題2:What is the cause of the Civil Rights Movement?
A．Bus seats for African Americans and white were separated in parts of the U．S.
B．Rosa Parks was sent to jail for she refused to give her bus seat to a white man.
C．The African American community had a meeting to protest discrimination.
D．A man named Martin Luther King，Jr. was elected to be the leader.
小題3:How long did the boycott continue?
A．Less than a year.B．Less than a month.
C．More than a year.D．More than a month.
小題4:How did the black people fight for the civil rights?
A．By refusing to take buses.
B．By refusing to talk to the white.
C．Through fights with the white people.
D．By doing nothing.
小題5:What is the final result of the Civil Rights Movement?
A．The U．S. Supreme Court decided that Montgomery’s bus laws were unfair and gave the African American community equal right.
B．They elected a man named Martin Luther King，Jr. to be the leader.
C．Black people and white people can take the same bus.
D．The movement eventually led to the Civil Rights Act in 1964，a set of laws that made discrimination a crime.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

How Women Were Freed From Their Homes
As late as 1800, a woman’s only place was in her home. Women in business were unheard of. No respectable woman would dream of entering what was strictly a “man’s world”. Even if she would, what could she do? Men were sure that no woman could do a job well outside her home. This was a widely accepted idea. When the famous Bronte sisters began writing books in 1846, they had to resort to using men’s names as aliases.
Teaching was the first profession opened to women, soon after 1800. But even that was not easy for women to take because most high schools and colleges were open only to men. Oberlin College in Ohio was the first college in America to take in women.
Nursing was regarded as a respectable profession for women only after Florence Nightingale won high credit for her nursing career and became famous. Miss Nightingale opened the first training school for nursing in 1860 in England.
The invention of typewriters in 1867 helped to bring women out of their homes to join the business world. Because women are careful and have nimble fingers, businessmen found that they were well suited to this kind of work.
By 1890, tens of thousands of women were working in schools, hospitals, shops, offices, and factories both in England and the States. Some even managed to become doctors or lawyers. The idea of women working in business and other circles was accepted.
小題1:Oberlin College was the first college in America _______.
A．where teaching was a profession only open to women
B．where girls could get advanced education
C．to train women to be teachers and nurses
D．to accept women only as professors and students
小題2: It can be inferred from the text that besides nursing, Florence Nightingale was also ______.
A．a(chǎn) doctor B．a(chǎn) lawyerC．a(chǎn) teacherD．a(chǎn) businessman
小題3:Quite a lot of women entered the business world _______
A．soon after 1800B．when Nightingale became famous
C．a(chǎn)t the beginning of this centuryD．a(chǎn)fter the typewriter came into being

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Friendship Day in India falls on the first Sunday of August every year. It is celebrated with many activities.
Young people in India spend the day with their closest friends and have fun together. Most youngsters in India plan a movie or have a meal with their friends. Many friends may go on a drive to tourist places or make a plan for camping. Some friends go to the supermarket to do some shopping. On Friendship Day, most stores offer discounted prices for customers and it is the perfect day to buy something for friends.
Some friends go to parties that are organized by many restaurants in order to attract youngsters. Such parties are very enjoyable. You can get food at a discounted price. Some friends just decide to meet up (碰頭，相聚) at someone’s home and talk about their happy time. The time good friends spend sitting together and talking over a cup of coffee is precious and unforgettable.
Long-distance friends call up each other on this day and wish each other with warm feelings. Some of them even plan to meet up on this particular day. Yet some others plan a surprising visit just to see their friend gasp (喘息) in shock!
In 2009, Friendship Day in India falls on August 2nd.So don’t forget to celebrate it with your friends.
小題1:When is Friendship Day celebrated in India?
A．On August 2nd every year.B．On the third weekend of August every year.
C．On August 1st every year. D．On the first weekend of August every year.
小題2:According to the text, which of the following is the most popular way that youngsters in India celebrate Friendship Day?
A．Traveling with friendsB．Seeing a film with friends
C．Dancing with friendsD．Going shopping with friends.
小題3: How many ways are discussed in Paragraph 3 that friends spend Friendship Day together?
A．Two B．ThreeC．FourD．Five
小題4:The underlined phrase “a surprising visit” in Paragraph 4 refers to “____”.
A．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who hasn’t expected it
B．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who has dreamed of it for a long time
C．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who tries to avoid it
D．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who lives in a faraway place

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