【題目】 A meteorite（隕石）moved quickly across the sky and exploded(爆炸）over central Russia on Feb. 15, raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows, damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people.

People heading to work in Chelyabinsk heard what sounded like an explosion, saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave, according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1 , 500 km east of Moscow.

The fireball, travelling at a speed of 30 km per second according to Russian Federal Space Agency （Roscosmos） , had blazed（熊熊燃燒）across the horizon（地平 線），leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away.

Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time. The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion, a very rare sight, also released a great explosive sound.

“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day," said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident（居民）of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. felt like I was blinded by headlights（車前燈）.”

The meteorite, which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron, entered Earth's atmosphere and broke apart 30 km—50 km above ground, according to Russia's Academy of Sciences.

“The energy released（(釋放）when it entered the Earth's atmosphere was equal to a few kilo tonnes," the academy said, “the power of a small atomic weapon exploding. ”

No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said 20, 000 rescue and clean-up workers were sent to Ural Region after President Vladimir Putin told Emergencies Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.

The Interior Ministry said about 1,200 people had been injured, at least 200 of them were children, and most from broken pieces of glass.

【1】What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?

A.It is a very huge ball made of iron.

B.It quickly broke apart on the ground.

C.It exploded over Russia's Ural Region.

D.It's similar to an A-bomb in weight.

【2】The underlined word “smashed" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_____”.

A.brokeB.melted

C.burnedD.cleared

【3】We can know from the passage that _____.

A.Moscow is 1,500 kilometers away from the east of Chelyabinsk

B.many houses were destroyed, with lots of people reported missing

C.Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare sight

D.the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks

【4】What can be the best title for the passage?

A."Meteorite Rush” Begins in Russia

B.President Putin Orders Assistance

C.Meteorite Hits Russia, 1,200 People Hurt

D.Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了隕石劃過天空在俄羅斯中部的烏拉爾地區(qū)爆炸的事件。文章詳細(xì)記述了當(dāng)時(shí)人們看到的情景和感受，以及它對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的影響。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的A meteorite moved quickly across the sky and exploded（爆炸）over central Russia on Feb. 15（2月15日，一顆隕石迅速地劃過天空在俄羅斯中部爆炸）和第五段中的“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day,” said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. （烏拉爾地區(qū)葉卡捷琳堡的一位居民說：“我正在開車去上班的路上。天很黑了，但是突然又亮的像是白天一樣”）可知，這塊隕石是在俄羅斯中部的烏拉爾地區(qū)爆炸的，故選C。

【2】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段句意可知，隕石劃過天空在俄羅斯中部爆炸，火球像雨點(diǎn)一樣落在廣闊的區(qū)域，產(chǎn)生了沖擊波使玻璃震碎、損壞大樓，使1200人受傷。呼應(yīng)第四段中的Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken。所以空格處單詞與broken是近義呼應(yīng)，都是形容windows的。A. broke“弄碎，弄壞”；B. melted“熔化”；C. burned“燒毀”；D. cleared“清除，使干凈”。故選A。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time（手機(jī)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)信號(hào)被中斷了一小會(huì)）可知，沖擊波使移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)短時(shí)間內(nèi)中斷。故選D。

【4】主旨大意題。這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，根據(jù)題材特點(diǎn)，首段就點(diǎn)名了這篇文章的中心內(nèi)容。由第一段段意“隕石劃過天空在俄羅斯中部爆炸，火球像雨點(diǎn)一樣落在廣闊的區(qū)域，產(chǎn)生了沖擊波使玻璃震碎、損壞大樓，使1200人受傷�！笨芍�，這篇報(bào)道不僅要告訴讀者這件事件，還要向讀者傳達(dá)它帶來的嚴(yán)重后果，以及它對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的影響。A項(xiàng)“ ‘Meteorite Rush’開始于俄羅斯”；B項(xiàng)“總統(tǒng)普京下令救援”；C項(xiàng)“隕石襲擊俄羅斯，1200人受傷”；D項(xiàng)“隕石迅速飛過俄羅斯”，只有選項(xiàng)C在交代事件的同時(shí)也強(qiáng)調(diào)了后果，故選C。

猜測詞義題在高考中有三種考查形式：生詞猜測詞義或熟詞生義、猜測一句話的意思、指代關(guān)系猜詞（代詞或者名詞）。從近三年考查形勢看，三種考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生詞詞義猜測。這種題型的解法主要是在劃線詞所在句子的前后找到該句話的同義句或者釋義句，再根據(jù)同義句或者釋義句的意思推斷出劃線單詞的意思。例如本文第二題，考查的就是生詞詞義猜測，由其后的“damaged”、“injured”可知，這句話強(qiáng)調(diào)隕石爆炸造成的嚴(yán)重后果，再結(jié)合生詞后的賓語windows，可知選擇broke更符合邏輯。但是由于這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，第一段講述本文的重要內(nèi)容，其后段落還會(huì)對(duì)這些要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行展開，所以我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在第四段講述隕石爆炸造成的影響時(shí)，也出現(xiàn)了windows，那么前后就構(gòu)成了完全的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。所以劃線單詞與thousands of windows were broken呼應(yīng)。由此可得出答案。所以這是一種很簡便、快捷、準(zhǔn)確的方法，但是需要同學(xué)們多積累與篇章相關(guān)的知識(shí)，能夠通過題材特點(diǎn)與篇章結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。

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