5．Some people may be born happy，while others are genetically negative，scientists have suggested in a study published late February in a British journal．
Earlier research had already established that the gene known as 5-HTTLPR plays a key role in determining how the neurotransmitter （神經(jīng)傳遞素） serotonin works within the brain．Serotonin，a hormone （荷爾蒙），passes chemical messages between nerve cells．It has been closely linked to mood．Several anti-depressant （抗抑郁） drugs regulate serotonin levels．
Scientists had also identified three variants （變體） of the gene．Two so-called"short"variants were linked to a higher risk of depression and suicide （自殺） attempts．Unlike the two"short"variants，the"long"variant of 5-HTTLPR showed a clear dislike of negative images，such as fierce animals，and a clear liking for positive ones，such as flowers．
Researchers from the University of Essex in Britain showed participants a series of images，which were divided into three kinds：negative ones aimed at inspiring fear or stress such as a snake or person about to commit suicide，pleasant ones and neutral （中性的） ones．
The participants who had the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene"showed a clear dislike of negative material alongside a careful attention for positive material，"the researchers found．They paid close attention to the pretty pictures，and ignored the frightening ones．On the other hand，the short variant groups had the opposite reaction．
In January，the Australian government organized"happiness workshops"，teaching government staff how to be happy．The department that held the"happiness workshops"said unhappy staff weren't productive staff．
Australian political opposition parties have argued that the"happiness workshops"are probably a waste of money and couldn't increase productivity as intended．However，whether the workshop will have a happy or disappointing result，we will have to wait and see．

71．Various kinds of images were shown to the participants toC．
A．draw their attention
B．cater to their different tastes
C．find out about their reactions
D．teach them to improve their artistic appreciation
72．The"short"variants of 5-HTTLPR differ from the"long"variants of 5-HTTLPR in thatB．
A．the former is connected with positive mood while the latter negative
B．the former is connected with negative mood while the latter positive
C．the former has a greater effect on one's mood than the latter
D．the latter has a greater effect on one's mood than the former
73．Which of the following statements is true about"happiness workshops"？D
A．Most people believe that they are a waste of money．
B．They will be beneficial in the long run．
C．The purpose of"happiness workshops"is to teach all Australians to be happy．
D．They are organized in the belief that happy staff can work more efficiently．
74．It can be learned from the article thatA．
A．drugs can be used to control people's serotonin levels
B．happiness is more important than sadness
C．nothing can affect our mood
D．people with the short variant of 5-HTTLPR prefer a flower to a snake
75．The article is mainly aboutB．
A．the reason for the foundation of"happiness workshops"
B．the link between people's mood and their gene
C．the study on people's likes and dislikes
D．the differences in people's attitude towards life．

分析 本文是一篇說明文，主要展現(xiàn)一種關(guān)于人們對(duì)于幸福的看法，他們認(rèn)為影響幸福和快樂的因素，一個(gè)的天生原因，一種是來自身體中的基因等科學(xué)問題．

解答 71-75 CBDAB
71．C 細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)文章第四五段的內(nèi)容可知，向與會(huì)人員展示的主要目的是為獲取他們的不同反應(yīng)，以此來證實(shí)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果，故選C
72．B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)The participants who had the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene"showed a clear dislike of negative material alongside a careful attention for positive material，"the researchers found．可知，有長5-HTT LPR基因的參與者表明對(duì)消極材料不喜歡而對(duì)積極材料特別關(guān)注，故答案為B
73．D 推理判斷題 根據(jù)In January，the Australian government organized"happiness workshops"，teaching government staff how to be happy．The department that held the"happiness workshops"said unhappy staff weren't productive staff．可知，幸福工作坊是由國家公開舉辦的，并且認(rèn)為不快樂的員工是沒有成效的員工，故選D
74．A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)It has been closely linked to mood．Several anti-depressant （抗抑郁） drugs regulate serotonin levels．可知，血清素可以調(diào)節(jié)幾種抗抑郁藥物調(diào)節(jié)血清素水平，故答案為A
75．B 主旨大意題 根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可以判斷出本文的主要內(nèi)容是講述關(guān)于人類基因和情緒的研究，故選B

點(diǎn)評(píng) 做閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)的主要原因是，僅憑讀過文章后殘留在腦海中的一絲印象來勾選答案，這樣便很容易掉入出題人故意設(shè)布下的題目陷阱．所謂閱讀理解，對(duì)于題目的理解一定要忠實(shí)于原文，因此，每一道題都應(yīng)該與原文作全面的對(duì)比與核查，再得出答案．也就是說，閱讀理解的每一道題目，在原文都應(yīng)該有明確的出處，我們把這一出處叫做原文相關(guān)句，（1）排除與原文相關(guān)句主題不一致的選項(xiàng)（2）排除與原文相關(guān)句態(tài)度相反的選項(xiàng)  （3）排除用于過于極端或負(fù)面的選項(xiàng)（4）注意結(jié)合文章主旨和主題去排除．

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67．According to the passage，media image are linked toB．
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B．The advantages of getting tattoos
C．Why people getting tattoos
D．The popularity of tattoos
70．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？D
CP：Central Point P：Point  Sp：Sub-point（次要點(diǎn)）  C：Conclusion

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

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59．How has science done a bad service to mankind？C
A．Diseases caused by food have been done away with．
B．It has caused a lack of information about the value of food．
C．Some harmful materials have been added to our food．
D．Scientists have made food more expensive to eat．
60．What are nitrates used for？B
A．They help process packaged food．
B．They keep the color in meats．
C．They cure diseases of cows and chickens．
D．They cause the animals to become fatter．
61．Which of the following statements is NOT true？A
A．You can find out harmful additives on the packaging labels of food．
B．Drugs given to animals are not all for medical reasons．
C．Researchers knew about the harm of food additives about 60years ago．
D．Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world．
62．According to the passage，the FDA might beA．
A．a(chǎn)n organization which controls the safety of food
B．a(chǎn) producer which makes additives
C．a(chǎn) factory which processes food
D．a(chǎn) hospital which cures cancer．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

17．At the middle school level，there are many academic clubs in which students can participate．Students can choose clubs that focus on an area of interest．
Mathcounts Club
         Mathcounts tries to increase excitement towards mathematic achievement．It hopes to provide students with the foundation for success in science，technology，engineering and mathematics careers．Schools select individuals and teams to participate in competitions．Local competitions are held in February with winners progressing to state competitions and then on to the national level．Mathcounts works to challenge student math skills，develop self-confidence and give rewards for their achievements．
Envirothon
         The Envirothon program focuses on natural resources knowledge and exposes students to diverse environmental issues，ecosystems，and topography．The ecology field competition for five-member middle school teams offers competitions in wildlife，soils，forestry，current environmental issues and aquatics．Students work and learn in middle school clubs and can compete at the local and state level．
Future Problem Solvers
         Future Problem Solvers is an academic club that uses a six-step process to solve problems that may happen in the future．Students who are in the talented and gifted program，who like to"think out of the box，"or who enjoy thinking about futuristic problems may like this club．Teams comprised of four students read future scenes and write up solutions in a booklet using the six-step process．Teams that score high enough can go to the state competition and then to the international competition．
Builders Club
         Builders Club is open to any middle school student who wishes to perform community service．Each Builders Club is co-sponsored by a Kiwanis club and the middle school．The members learn by doing，and they learn organization，teamwork，and leadership．Builders Clubs can sponsor a"Teacher of the Year"program，provide a recycling collection point，organize canned food and clothing drives to support local shelters，adopt a resident at a local senior citizens home，adopt a highway，tutor，etc．
         Middle school academic clubs offer students a place to explore interests or talents．The clubs they join in middle school can help guide choices in high school and beyond．
 
59．The students who are not interested in competitions woudld like to chooseB．
A．Mathecounts Club                                         
B．Builders Club
C．Future Problem Solvers                                
D．Envirothon
60．Why do some of the students choose Mathcounts Club？A
A．To be successful in science careers．
B．To enjoy solving future problems．
C．To perform community service．
D．To study wildlife and soils．
61．What is the common feature of the four clubs？B
A．Competitions．
B．Sponsorship．
C．Scientific researches．
D．Teamwork．
62．The passage mainly talks aboutB．
A．the state academic competitions            
B．middle school clubs
C．extra-curricular activities                         
D．the gifted students．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

14．It is common to consider learning as something that takes place in school，but much of human learning occurs outside the classroom，even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives．
Even before they enter school，young children learn to walk，to talk，and to use their hands to use toys，food，and other objects．They use all of their senses to learn about the sights，sounds，tastes，and smells in their environments．They learn how to communicate with their parents，grandparents， siblings，friends，and other people important to their world．When they enter school，children learn basic academic subjects such as reading，writing，and mathematics．They also continue to learn a great deal outside the classroom．They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished．They learn social skills for communicating with other children．After they finish school，people must learn to deal with many major changes that affect their lives，such as getting married，raising children，and finding and keeping a job．
Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do，the study of learning is important in many different fields．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children．Psychologists，social workers，criminologists，and other human?service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people's behaviors．Employers，politicians，and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to affect the behaviors of workers，voters，and consumers．
Learning is closely related to memory，which is the storage of information in the brain．Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge，where this storage takes place，and how the brain later outputs knowledge when we need it．In contrast，psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person's experiences．

68．The underlined"siblings"in the second paragraph probably meansD．
A．teachers     B．classmates     
C．doctors      D．brothers or sisters
69．Which period of children's life does they begin to know to behave well according to the passage？C
A．After they go into society          B．Before they enter school
C．When they are at school             D．Before they are born
70．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage？A
A．As a matter of fact，learning begins with formal school education．
B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students．
C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors．
D．Employers should study the principles of learning to manage their workers well．
71．The author mainly tries to tell usDin the last paragraph．
A．learning is only related to memory and experiences
B．psychologists are interested in how the brain stores knowledge
C．psychologists are more interested in a person's behavior
D．how the relationship between learning，brain and behavior works．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：選擇題

15．It will take a long time for the effective use of natural resources _________．（　�。�
A．to be madeB．to makeC．being madeD．making

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