【題目】 Scientists in the U.S. have created an artificial sunflower less than 0. 04 inches wide that can bend towards a light source and harvest solar energy. The flowers were found to be about 400 percent more efficient than other equipment, making them promising technology for solar power potentially even as a power source for solar-based spaceships.

The team, led by researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles, was looking to improve. the efficiency of solar cells by modeling after a feature of nature-phototropism. This is where a plant adjusts itself to face the sun, getting the most amount of energy it can get. In a study published in Nature Nanotechnology, the team said it was a 'big challenge'.

However, this problem has now been overcome. The team has developed a polymer(聚合物) that is responsive to being simulated by light, The system, which they have named SunBOT for short, is able to instantly explore and track a light source. It can do this across a range of temperatures without power supply or any human intervention.

The researchers used the polymer to create a 'stem'. Then they placed a material commonly used in solar cells on its top, representing the 'flower'. When the team shone a light at the SunBOTs, the polymer began heating up and shrinking, causing the stem to bend so the flower faced the light.

The researchers tested their artificial sunflowers to see how efficient they were at harvesting solar energy Findings showed they were up to 400 percent more effective than non-phototrophic materials.

The practical applications of SunBOTs are some way off. The study shows a proof of concept, but the technology will need to be scaled up to be used commercially. However, the team is confident it could one day be used a across a broad range of industries.

This work may be useful for solar harvesters signal revere smart windows, self-contained robotics solar sails for spaceships and intelligent energy generation (for example, solar cells and biofuels), the scientific team said.

【1】Why do the scientists create the artificial sunflower?

A.To prevent pollution.B.To protect sunflowers.

C.To reuse green energy.D.To warn us of the energy crisis.

【2】What can we learn about SunBOTs?

A.SunBOTs are likely to be too limited in future use.

B.There is some time before SunBOTs are put into markets.

C.Scientists are still not sure of the function of SunBOTs.

D.SunBOTts are not efficient, though advanced, in collecting energy.

【3】Where can we read such a text?

A.In an education report.B.In a market report.

C.In an experiment report.D.In a science report.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了一種可以收集太陽(yáng)能，然后將收集的能量供其他設(shè)備使用的人造向日葵，包括它的工作原理、目前的問題等。

【1】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段The flowers were found to be about 400 percent more efficient than other equipment, making them promising technology for solar power potentially even as a power source for solar-based spaceships. (這些花被發(fā)現(xiàn)比其他設(shè)備的效率高出400%，這使得它們成為使用太陽(yáng)能的一項(xiàng)很有前景的技術(shù)，甚至可以作為太陽(yáng)能飛船的動(dòng)力)可推測(cè)，科學(xué)家發(fā)明人造向日葵的目的是為了重復(fù)、高效地利用太陽(yáng)能。C. To reuse green energy.(重復(fù)使用綠色能源)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選C項(xiàng)。

【2】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的The study shows a proof of concept, but the technology will need to be scaled up to be used commercially. However, the team is confident it could one day be used a across a broad range of industries.(這項(xiàng)研究證明了這個(gè)概念，但是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還需要擴(kuò)大規(guī)模才能投入商業(yè)使用。然而，該團(tuán)隊(duì)相信，該技術(shù)有一天會(huì)在廣泛的行業(yè)中得到應(yīng)用。)可推測(cè)，SunBOT還要一段時(shí)間才能上市。 B. There is some time before SunBOTs are put into markets.( SunBOT離上市還有一段時(shí)間)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段的Scientists in the U.S. have created an artificial sunflower less than 0. 04 inches wide that can bend towards a light source and harvest solar energy. (美國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種不足4英寸的人造向日葵，這種人造向日葵可以彎向光源并收集太陽(yáng)能)可知，本文主要介紹了一種可以收集太陽(yáng)能，然后將收集的能量供其他設(shè)備使用的人造向日葵。這是一項(xiàng)科學(xué)發(fā)明，由此推測(cè)，我們很有可能在一篇科學(xué)報(bào)道上看到這篇文章。D. In a science report.(在一個(gè)科學(xué)報(bào)道上)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選D項(xiàng)。

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